• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.255-258
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• 2003

In this study, to develop a flash-less die for forming of shoe-outsole, experiments and forming analysis were carried out. In order to reduce the extra-materials, of feet method and mass distribution method are used in the preform design. To improve the accuracy of contact surface of dies, the contact status of dies are measured by using the pressure film. The vertical pressing die structure and the guide-gutter system have been developed for the discharge of extra-materials and re-pressing. By the investigation, flash of shoe-outsole was considerably reduced.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.103-108
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• 2005

In this study, to develop a flash-less mold for forming of shoe-outsole, experiments and forming analysis were carried out. In order to reduce the extra-materials, offset method and mass distribution method are used in the preform design. The vertical mold structure pressing the preform was introduced to produce a flash-less shoe-sole. To measure the contact status of parting surface of mold, the pressure film has been used. The guide-gutter system and the continuous pressing mold have been developed for the discharge of extra-materials and re-pressing. By the investigation, flash of shoe-outsole was considerably reduced.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 1998

In this paper, it has been discussed on the relation between the anatomical features of woods and the penetration of methyl methacrylate monomer system into major Korean tree species, especially the Pinus koraiensis, Larix leptolepis, Quercus mongolica and Tilia amurensis. 1. There was some differences in penetration of polymers among different tree species, but generally the penetration of ring porous woods seems to be larger than that of diffuse porous woods and it was very difficult to penetrate to Larix leptolepis, especially to the that of heart wood. 2. The penetration on transeverse surface was relatively easy but radial and tangential impregnation were somewhat hard and differences between them were negligible. 3. The penetration of sapwood was larger than that of heartwood and its differences varied according to the existence of tyloses or contents in vessel. 4. Generally the polymer penetration of earlywood was larger than that of latewood in ring porous woods, but on the contrary, penetration of earlywood was small than that of latewood on diffuse porous woods. 5. Vessel diameter of wood had nearly no relation to polymers penetration. This seems to come from the reason that effective vessel diameter varies with the existence of tyloses or contents in vessel. 6. The penetration of ray tracheids was larger than that of ray parenchyma cells in softwoods, but penetration of hardwood rays seems to be small in comparison with softwood ray parenchyma cells. 7. Specific gravity and annual ring width had no relation to the penetration of polymer.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.192-199
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• 2004

The mycelial mass of K. mutabilis greatly increased at pH 5.5~6.0 but decreased pH 6.0. The linear mycelial growth wsa mostly supported on sawdust of Quercus accutisima and the mycelial density wsa high on sawdust of Q. accutisima and corn cob. Much mycelial distribution could be showen in ray parenchyma cell and ray tracheid. Severe degradation of ray parenchyma cell was found but little degradation of ray tracheid cell was found. The dry weight loss wsa 5.9% after agar-block test. And the pH wsa acidified from 6.07 to 4.31 and hot water extractives was decreased after degradation of Q. serrata sawdust by K. mutabilis.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.200-206
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• 2004

The optimal temperature for mycelial growth the F. fomentarius was $30^{\circ}C$ and the range of the temperature for mycelial growth wsa about 10~30. The optimal pH for the growth was 4.0. The percentage of weight loss percentage wsa 17.4%. The percentage of WEC extractives wsa increased to 2.24%. The observation of micromorphological showed that the detected cell wall were erosive and thinning as typical degradation pattern of white-rot fungi.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 1980

The occurrence of witches' broom of Rhus javanica was first noticed in Korea by the author in 1979. Subsequently, studies were made on the symptomatology, etiology, and transmission of the disease, as well as the effect of some antibiotics on the disease development. The results of these studies are summarized as follows: 1. Symptoms of the infected plant were characterized by dwarfing of the tree accompanied by yellowing and brooming of the foliage. 2. Electron microscopy of witches' broom diseased Rhus javanica plant revealed the occurrence of numerous mycoplasma-like organisms (MLO's) in the phloem tissue cells (sieve tube elements and phloem parenchyma cells) of the rachis and midribs of infected leaves. 3. The MLO's were bounded by a single unit membrane and contained ribosome-like granules and strands presumed to be DNA. It also appears that the MLO multiply possibly by budding as well as binary and plurinary fission. 4. In the midrib of healthy leaves, vascular bundles were collaterally discontinuous. In the diseased leaves, however, xylems were connected to each other and phloem cells showed an atrophy. Granules, which were prominent in the normal abaxial epidermis, were not observed in the peidermis of diseased leaves. 5. Electron microscopy revealed crystals or osmopholic granules in the phloem parenchyma cells, and that normal stacks of grana were not developed in the chloroplasts of infected levels. 6. The disease was experimentally transmitted by grafting. Budding was more effective than crown grafting for transmitting the disease. The disease has been transmitted by grafting even when complete union of stocks and scions has not taken place. The disease agent was not transmitted by sap inoculation. Insect transmission has not been confirmed. 7. Dipping the roots of infected plants into the 500 ppm and 1,000 solutions of either tetracycline HCI or oxytetracycline, HCI was more effective on temporary remision of the symptoms than spraying the 100 ppm and 200 ppm solutions of the same antibiotics. A greater effect was achieved through dipping into 1,000 ppm than into 500 ppm.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.261-266
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• 2003

Background: Surgery of abdominal aortic aneurysm revealed high operative mortality. We reviewed our 11-years' experiences of abdominal aortic aneurysm operation and wish to obtain information on the treatment. Material and Method: From Jan. 1990 to Dec. 2000, 48 patients were operated due to abdominal aortic aneurysm in Yonsei Cardiovascular Center Mean age was $62.8{\pm}12.7$ and there were 40 males and 8 females. Among 48 patients, nine patients had ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm, and mean aneurysm diameter of non-ruptured cases was $8.8{\pm}2.4$cm. Result: There were 6 early deaths, and early mortality was 12.5%. Among 9 patients of preoperative aneurysm rupture, three patients died (33.3%), and among 39 patients of non-ruptured cases, 3 patients died (7.7%). Among preoperative variables, age (p<0.05), preoperative BUN level (p<0.05), and DM (p<0.05) were risk factors of early mortality. Among discharged 42 patients, 40 patients were followed up (f/u rate=95.2%) and mean follow up was $3.6{\pm}0.2$ years. During follow up periods, five patients died (late mortality=11.9%), and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed $81.7{\pm}7.6$% survival rate at five and ten year. Linealized incidence of graft related event was 3.53% per patient-year. Conclusion: Surgical mortality of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm was higher than non-ruptured cases; therefore, early resection of the aneurysm can decrease the surgical mortality.