• 태양에너지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.35-45
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• 1990

주어진 열원에서 유기 랭킨 사이클 시스템을 통해 얻을 수 있는 최대 출력 조건에서의 최적 효율을 구하기 위한 이론식을 유도하였으며, 이것이 작동 유체의 열물성치에 의한 엔탈피를 기초로 하여 계산된 열효율과 비교하여 잘 일치되는 것을 확인하였다. 본 연구에서 유도된 결과식에 의해 최대 출력은 열원의 열용량과 초기 온도 그리고 핀치점 온도차만의 함수임을 알 수 있었으며, 이 때의 효율은 열원의 열용량과 관계없이 입열원과 방출열원 초기 온도와 핀치점 온도차의 함수임을 알 수 있었다. 여기서 구한 최대 출력시의 효율식은 실제 랭킨 사이클 시스템의 설계를 위한 최적 설계지표로 사용될 수 있으며 실제 발전소의 성능 예측을 위한 최적 효율로도 사용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.590-599
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• 2015

In this paper a performance analysis is carried out based on the first and second laws of thermodynamics for heat exchanger in organic Rankine cycle (ORC) for the recovery of low-temperature finite thermal energy source. In the analysis, effects of the selection of working fluid and pinch temperature difference are investigated on the performance of the heat exchanger including the effectiveness of the heat exchanger, exergy destruction, second-law efficiency, number of transfer unit (NTU), and pinch point. The temperature distribution are shown depending on the working fluids and the pinch temperature difference. The results show that the performance of the heat exchanger depends on the pinch temperature difference sensitively. As the pinch temperature increases, the exergy destruction in the evaporator increases but the effectiveness, second law efficiency and NTU decreases.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.278-286
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• 2015

This paper presents the analytical results of the thermodynamic performance characteristics for a cogeneration system using regenerative organic Rankine cycle (ORC) driven by low-grade heat source. The combined heat and power cogeneration system consists of a regenerative superheated ORC and an additional process heater in a series circuit. Eight working fluids of R134a, R152a, propane, isobutane, butane, R245fa, R123, and isopentane are considered for the analysis. Special attention is paid to the effect of turbine inlet pressure on the system performance such as thermal input, net power and useful heat productions, electrical, thermal, and system efficiencies. The results show a significant effect of the turbine inlet pressure and selection of working fluid on the thermodynamic performance of the system.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.223-231
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• 2011

The thermal efficiency of energy-to-power conversion becomes uneconomically low when the temperature of heat source drops below $370^{\circ}C$. ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle) has attracted much attention in last few years due to its potential in reducing consumption of fossil fuels and relaxing environmental problems, and its favorable characteristics to exploit low-temperature heat sources. In this work thermodynamic performance of ORC using nine working fluids is comparatively assessed. Special attention is paid to the effect of system parameters such as turbine inlet temperature and pressure on the characteristics of the system such as volumetric flow rate and quality at turbine exit, latent heat, net work as well as thermal efficiency. Results show that in selection of working fluid it is required to consider various criteria of performance characteristics as well as the thermal efficiency. Results also show that the system efficiencies become same irrespective of kind of working fluid when the temperature of heat source decreases to low range.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 추계학술대회논문집B
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• pp.776-781
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• 2001

To enhance thermal efficiency of thermal facility through recovery of low and medium temperature waste heat, 1MW organic Rankine cycle system was designed and developed. The exhaust gases of $175^{\circ}C$ at two 100MW power plants in pohang steel works were selected as the representative of low and medium temperature waste heat in industrial process for the heat source of the organic Rankine cycle system. HCFC-123, a kind of harmless refrigerant, was chosen as the working fluid for Rankine cycle. The organic Rankine cycle system with selected exhaust gases and working fluid was designed and constructed. From the operation, it was confirmed that the organic Rankine cycle system is available for low and medium temperature waste heat recovery in industrial process. The optimum operating manuals, such as heat-up of hot water, turbine start-up, and the process of electric power generation, were derived. However, electric power generated was not 1MW as designed but only 670kW. It is due to deficiency of pump capacity for supply of HCFC-123. So it is necessary to increase the pump capacity or to decrease the pressure loss in pipe for more improved HCFC-123 supply.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.200-208
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• 2014

This paper presents thermodynamic performance analysis of organic Rankine cycle (ORC) using low temperature heat source in the form of sensible energy and using liquefied natural gas (LNG) as heat sink to recover the cryogenic energy of LNG. LNG is able to condense the working fluid at a very low condensing temperature in a heat exchanger, which leads to an increased power output. Based on the mathematical model, a parametric analysis is conducted to examine the effects of eight different working fluids, the turbine inlet pressure and the condensation temperature on the system performance. The results indicate that the thermodynamic performance of ORC such as net work production or thermal efficiency can be significantly improved by the LNG cold energy.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.521-529
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• 2012

Since the energy demand for refrigeration and air-conditioning has greatly increased all over the world, thermally activated refrigeration cycle has attracted much attention. This study carries out a performance analysis of a vapor compression cycle (VCC) driven by organic Rankine cycle (ORC) utilizing low-temperature heat source in the form of sensible heat. The ORC is assumed to produce minimum net work which is required to drive the VCC without generating an excess electricity. Effects of important system parameters such as turbine inlet pressure, condensing temperature, and evaporating temperature on the system variables such as mass flow ratio, net work production, and coefficient of performance (COP) are thoroughly investigated. The effect of choice of working fluid on COP is also considered. Results show that net work production and COP increase with increasing turbine inlet pressure or decreasing condensing temperature. Out of the five kinds of organic fluids considered $C_4H_{10}$ gives a relatively high COP in the range of low turbine inlet pressure.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.91-97
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• 2013

Recently a novel cycle named organic flash cycle (OFC) has been proposed which has improved potential for power generation from low-temperature heat sources. This study carries out thermodynamic performance analysis of OFC using various working fluids for recovery of low-grade heat sources in the form of sensible energy. Special attention is focused on the optimum flash temperature at which the exergy efficiency has the maximum value. Under the optimal conditions with respect to the flash temperature, the thermodynamic performances of important system variables including mass flow ratio, separation ratio, heat addition, specific volume flow rate at turbine exit, and exergy efficiency are thoroughly investigated. Results show that the exergy efficiency has a peak value with respect to the flash temperature and the optimum working fluid which shows the best exergy efficiency varies with the operating conditions.

• 한국지열·수열에너지학회논문집
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.17-23
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• 2007

Geothermal energy is used in various forms, such as power generation, direct use, and geothermal heat pumps. High temperature geothermal energy sources have been used for power generation for more than a century. Recent technical advances in power generation equipments make relatively low temperature geothermal energy to be available for power generation. In these applications, lower temperature geothermal energy source makes smaller difference between condensing water temperature and it. Various condensing water temperatures were investigated in analyzing its influence on power generation performance. Condensing water temperature of organic Rankine cycle imposed greater influence on power generation and its performance in lower temperature geothermal power generation.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제39권7호
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• pp.735-743
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• 2015

유기랭킨사이클의 열역학적 효율에 큰 영향을 미치는 구성요소는 터빈이다. 일반적으로 유기랭킨사이클에서 팽창과정은 작동유체의 급격한 물성치 변화를 수반하므로 터빈의 설계에 많은 어려움이 따른다. 그러므로 효율이 우수한 터빈의 개발을 위해서는 정밀한 터빈의 예비설계가 요구된다. 반경류터빈의 효율은 loading과 flow 계수에 큰 영향을 받으므로 터빈의 예비설계에서 이러한 변수의 선정이 매우 중요하다. 그러나 기존의 성능곡선으로부터 loading과 flow 계수를 선정하는 고전적인 방법을 이용할 경우 정밀한 예비설계를 기대하기 힘들다. 그러므로 본 연구에서는 로터 깃의 개수와 열역학적 설계조건으로부터 loading과 flow 계수를 산출하는 방법을 제시하였다. 본 연구에서 제시한 예비설계모델을 이용하여 예비설계를 수행한 결과는 공신력 있는 상용예비설계프로그램을 이용한 결과와 비교하여 만족스러운 것을 확인하였다. 또한 예비설계모델의 정확성을 검증하기 위해 예비설계한 반경류터빈에 대한 수치해석을 수행하였으며 효율을 제외한 대부분의 변수들이 예비설계조건을 비교적 충족하는 것을 확인하였다.