• Title/Summary/Keyword: 윈도우 확장

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Congestion Control Scheme for Wide Area and High-Speed Networks (초고속-장거리 네트워크에서 혼잡 제어 방안)

  • Yang Eun Ho;Ham Sung Il;Cho Seongho;Kim Chongkwon
    • The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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    • v.12C no.4 s.100
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    • pp.571-580
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    • 2005
  • In fast long-distance networks, TCP's congestion control algorithm has the problem of utilizing bandwidth effectively. Several window-based congestion control protocols for high-speed and large delay networks have been proposed to solve this problem. These protocols deliberate mainly three properties : scalability, TCP-friendliness, and RTT-fairness. These protocols, however, cannot satisfy above three properties at the same time because of the trade-off among them This paper presents a new window-based congestion control algorithm, called EM (Exponential Increase/ Multiplicative Decrease), that simultaneously supports all four properties including fast convergence, which is another important constraint for fast long-distance networks; it can support scalability by increasing congestion window exponentially proportional to the time elapsed since a packet loss; it can support RTT-fairness and TCP-friendliness by considering RTT in its response function; it can support last fair-share convergence by increasing congestion window inversely proportional to the congestion window just before packet loss. We evaluate the performance of EIMD and other algorithms by extensive computer simulations.

A Sliding Window Technique for Open Data Mining over Data Streams (개방 데이터 마이닝에 효율적인 이동 윈도우 기법)

  • Chang Joong-Hyuk;Lee Won-Suk
    • The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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    • v.12D no.3 s.99
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    • pp.335-344
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    • 2005
  • Recently open data mining methods focusing on a data stream that is a massive unbounded sequence of data elements continuously generated at a rapid rate are proposed actively. Knowledge embedded in a data stream is likely to be changed over time. Therefore, identifying the recent change of the knowledge quickly can provide valuable information for the analysis of the data stream. This paper proposes a sliding window technique for finding recently frequent itemsets, which is applied efficiently in open data mining. In the proposed technique, its memory usage is kept in a small space by delayed-insertion and pruning operations, and its mining result can be found in a short time since the data elements within its target range are not traversed repeatedly. Moreover, the proposed technique focused in the recent data elements, so that it can catch out the recent change of the data stream.

A Study on Extending Successive Observation Coverage of MODIS Ocean Color Product (MODIS 해색 자료의 유효관측영역 확장에 대한 연구)

  • Park, Jeong-Won;Kim, Hyun-Cheol;Park, Kyungseok;Lee, Sangwhan
    • Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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    • v.31 no.6
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    • pp.513-521
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    • 2015
  • In the processing of ocean color remote sensing data, spatio-temporal binning is crucial for securing effective observation area. The validity determination for given source data refers to the information in Level-2 flag. For minimizing the stray light contamination, NASA OBPG's standard algorithm suggests the use of large filtering window but it results in the loss of effective observation area. This study is aimed for quality improvement of ocean color remote sensing data by recovering/extending the portion of effective observation area. We analyzed the difference between MODIS/Aqua standard and modified product in terms of chlorophyll-a concentration, spatial and temporal coverage. The recovery fractions in Level-2 swath product, Level-3 daily composite product, 8-day composite product, and monthly composite product were $13.2({\pm}5.2)%$, $30.8({\pm}16.3)%$, $15.8({\pm}9.2)%$, and $6.0({\pm}5.6)%$, respectively. The mean difference between chlorophyll-a concentrations of two products was only 0.012%, which is smaller than the nominal precision of the geophysical parameter estimation. Increase in areal coverage also results in the increase in temporal density of multi-temporal dataset, and this processing gain was most effective in 8-day composite data. The proposed method can contribute for the quality enhancement of ocean color remote sensing data by improving not only the data productivity but also statistical stability from increased number of samples.

Implementation of a Windows NT Based Stream Server for Multimedia School Systems (멀티미디어 교실을 위한 윈도우 NT 기반 스트림 서버 구현)

  • 손주영
    • Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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    • v.2 no.3
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    • pp.277-288
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    • 1999
  • A distributed multimedia school system is developed for the multimedia classroom at high school and university. The system is designed and implemented for students to improve the learning efficiency through the personalized multimedia contents and pace of learning. The previously developed multimedia information retrieval systems have some limitations on being applied to the multimedia classroom: expensive cost per stream or poor retrieval quality inappropriate for education, unscalability of system and service, unfamiliar proprietary client environment, and difficulty for teachers to use the authoring tools and manage the authored teaching materials. The system we developed overcomes the above problems. It is so scalable as to be applicable not only to a segmented classroom but also to the world wide Internet. The stream server is one of the components of the system: stream servers clients, a service gateway system, and a authoring management system. This paper describes the design and implementation of the stream server. A single stream server can simultaneously playback the multimedia streams as many as clients at one classroom. This is achieved only by the software engine without any changes of the hardware architecture. The systematic coupling with other components gives the scalability of the system and the flexibility of services.

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Analysis and Evaluation of Frequent Pattern Mining Technique based on Landmark Window (랜드마크 윈도우 기반의 빈발 패턴 마이닝 기법의 분석 및 성능평가)

  • Pyun, Gwangbum;Yun, Unil
    • Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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    • v.15 no.3
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    • pp.101-107
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    • 2014
  • With the development of online service, recent forms of databases have been changed from static database structures to dynamic stream database structures. Previous data mining techniques have been used as tools of decision making such as establishment of marketing strategies and DNA analyses. However, the capability to analyze real-time data more quickly is necessary in the recent interesting areas such as sensor network, robotics, and artificial intelligence. Landmark window-based frequent pattern mining, one of the stream mining approaches, performs mining operations with respect to parts of databases or each transaction of them, instead of all the data. In this paper, we analyze and evaluate the techniques of the well-known landmark window-based frequent pattern mining algorithms, called Lossy counting and hMiner. When Lossy counting mines frequent patterns from a set of new transactions, it performs union operations between the previous and current mining results. hMiner, which is a state-of-the-art algorithm based on the landmark window model, conducts mining operations whenever a new transaction occurs. Since hMiner extracts frequent patterns as soon as a new transaction is entered, we can obtain the latest mining results reflecting real-time information. For this reason, such algorithms are also called online mining approaches. We evaluate and compare the performance of the primitive algorithm, Lossy counting and the latest one, hMiner. As the criteria of our performance analysis, we first consider algorithms' total runtime and average processing time per transaction. In addition, to compare the efficiency of storage structures between them, their maximum memory usage is also evaluated. Lastly, we show how stably the two algorithms conduct their mining works with respect to the databases that feature gradually increasing items. With respect to the evaluation results of mining time and transaction processing, hMiner has higher speed than that of Lossy counting. Since hMiner stores candidate frequent patterns in a hash method, it can directly access candidate frequent patterns. Meanwhile, Lossy counting stores them in a lattice manner; thus, it has to search for multiple nodes in order to access the candidate frequent patterns. On the other hand, hMiner shows worse performance than that of Lossy counting in terms of maximum memory usage. hMiner should have all of the information for candidate frequent patterns to store them to hash's buckets, while Lossy counting stores them, reducing their information by using the lattice method. Since the storage of Lossy counting can share items concurrently included in multiple patterns, its memory usage is more efficient than that of hMiner. However, hMiner presents better efficiency than that of Lossy counting with respect to scalability evaluation due to the following reasons. If the number of items is increased, shared items are decreased in contrast; thereby, Lossy counting's memory efficiency is weakened. Furthermore, if the number of transactions becomes higher, its pruning effect becomes worse. From the experimental results, we can determine that the landmark window-based frequent pattern mining algorithms are suitable for real-time systems although they require a significant amount of memory. Hence, we need to improve their data structures more efficiently in order to utilize them additionally in resource-constrained environments such as WSN(Wireless sensor network).

Design and Analsis of a high speed switching system with two priority (두개의 우선 순위를 가지는 고속 스윗칭 시스템의 설계 및 성능 분석)

  • Hong, Yo-Hun;Choe, Jin-Sik;Jeon, Mun-Seok
    • The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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    • v.8C no.6
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    • pp.793-805
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    • 2001
  • In the recent priority system, high-priority packet will be served first and low-priority packet will be served when there isn\`t any high-priority packet in the system. By the way, even high-priority packet can be blocked by HOL (Head of Line) contention in the input queueing System. Therefore, the whole switching performance can be improved by serving low-priority packet even though high-priority packet is blocked. In this paper, we study the performance of preemptive priority in an input queueing switch for high speed switch system. The analysis of this switching system is taken into account of the influence of priority scheduling and the window scheme for head-of-line contention. We derive queue length distribution, delay and maximum throughput for the switching system based on these control schemes. Because of the service dependencies between inputs, an exact analysis of this switching system is intractable. Consequently, we provide an approximate analysis based on some independence assumption and the flow conservation rule. We use an equivalent queueing system to estimate the service capability seen by each input. In case of the preemptive priority policy without considering a window scheme, we extend the approximation technique used by Chen and Guerin [1] to obtain more accurate results. Moreover, we also propose newly a window scheme that is appropriate for the preemptive priority switching system in view of implementation and operation. It can improve the total system throughput and delay performance of low priority packets. We also analyze this window scheme using an equivalent queueing system and compare the performance results with that without the window scheme. Numerical results are compared with simulations.

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Case Study of Building Webpage Using ActiveX Control Pad (ActiveX 콘트롤패드를 이용한 웹페이지 설계와 구현 사례)

  • 우원택
    • Proceedings of the Korea Association of Information Systems Conference
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    • 2003.05a
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    • pp.253-270
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    • 2003
  • 본 연구는 마이크로소프트사가 개발한 ActiveX 콘트롤 기술을 이용하여 동적인 홈페이지를 제작하는 사례를 설계하고 구현 해 봄으로써 ActiveX 콘트롤의 사용가치와 이의 활용방안을 알아보고자 함에 있다. 이를 위해 첫째, 비주얼베이직과 자바를 이용한 웹프로그래밍 기술과 ActiveX 콤포넌트의 기능을 알아보고 둘째, 웹프로그래밍의 역사와 ActiveX프로그램과의 관련성과 현재 대두되고 있는 XML웹서비스기술과의 비교를 통하여 웹프로그래밍기술을 이해하고 셋째, ActiveX콘트롤 패드를 이용하여 실제로 동적홈페이지를 구성하는 사례를 설계하고 구현해 봄으로써 이의 활용가치를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구결과 자바 애플릿에 대응하는 기술로 마이크로소프트가 OLE기술을 확장하여 만든 ActiveX콘트롤은 프로그램의 재사용, 개발시간단축과 프로그램의 기능과 품질향상에 기여하여 인터넷 내지 인트라넷용 프로그램개발 등에 쉽게 이용될 수 있는 가능성을 보여 주었으나 플랫폼 독립적이지 못하고 윈도우에서만 사용 가능한 제한점을 보여주었다.

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Introduction of Design Framework for Multidisciplinary Design Optimization (다분야통합최적설계를 위한 설계프레임웍의 소개)

  • 이세정;최동훈
    • Computational Structural Engineering
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    • v.17 no.3
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    • pp.14-21
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    • 2004
  • MDO프레임웍은 설계 작업을 통합적으로 관리하고 자동화하여 설계도구 간의 데이터 전달과 변환에 소요되는 설계자의 부담을 경감시키며 다분야 전문가가 참여하는 협동설계 환경을 제공함으로써 다분야를 동시에 고려한 효율적 설계를 지원한다. 이번 글에서는 이러한 MDO프레임웍으로 개발된 EMDIOS를 소개하고, 그 개발 배경과 타당성을 개략적으로 제시하였다. EMDIOS는 분산 환경을 제공하고, 데이터베이스와 연계되어 정의된 문제와 문제 풀이 절차를 저장하고 실행시 발생하는 데이터들을 체계적으로 관리하는 구조를 갖는다. MDO문제 해결에 필요한 도구들은 모두 소프트웨어 컴포넌트로 구성 및 기술되어 컴포넌트 등록기에 등록되어 저장된다. 등록된 컴포넌트는 GUI기반의 MDO커널에 의하여 검색되고 MDO문제해결 절차의 구성 요소가 된다. 구성된 문제 해결을 위한 실행은 컴포넌트 서비스 에이전트에 의하여 이루어진다. EMDIOS는 새로운 설계도구를 EMDIOS에 쉽게 통합하여 사용할 수 있도록 공통적으로 구현될 수 있는 부분을 구현한 추상 클래스와 이로부터 필요한 인터페이스를 생성할 수 있는 인터페이스 제조기를 제공함으로써 확장성과 개방성을 제공한다. 제시된 MDO 프레임웍의 사용자 인터페이스는 가장 많은 사용자를 확보하고 있는 윈도우 환경에서 Visual C++를 이용하여 개발되고 있으며, 다양한 OS환경에서 작동되어야 하는 래퍼는 JAVA로 개발하였다. 현재 개발된 EMDIOS는 다양한 벤치 마크 테스트 중이며 올해 9월이후에는 일반에게도 공개할 수 있는 프레임웍으로써 모습을 갖출 것으로 보인다.

eXtended Information Filtering Engine for Dynamic and Intelligent Firewall (동적이고 지능적인 방화벽을 위한 Extended Information Filtering Engine)

  • Kim Joo-Han;Lee Min-Soo;Kwon Sung-Gu;Han Youn-Taek;Song Oh-Young;Park Se-Hyun
    • Proceedings of the Korea Institutes of Information Security and Cryptology Conference
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    • 2006.06a
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    • pp.641-644
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    • 2006
  • 윈도우 자체에서 제공하는 방화벽이나 기존의 솔루션으로 제공되고 있는 방화벽에 대한 한계점을 보완하고자 기존의 패킷 필터링 방화벽과 어플리케이션 필터링 방화벽의 장점을 모두 가지고 있는 하이브리드형의 방화벽을 제안하고, 사용자들이 방화벽 시스템의 부하를 줄이기 위해서 각종의 서비스들을 제공할 때 사용자 프로파일의 context에 기반을 둔 확장된 필터링 엔진을 제안한다.

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Design and Implementation of high effectiveness Rendering Module For JavaBrowser (자바브라우저를 위한 고성능 Rendering모듈의 설케 및 구현)

  • 진민식;최원호;황욱철;임동기;권오형;정민수
    • Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
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    • 2001.06a
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    • pp.545-548
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    • 2001
  • 자바언어의 특성이라고 할 수 있는 플랫폼 독립성과 객체지향성을 바탕으로 하여 일반 PC나 IMT 2000기기, PDA, 인터넷 TV, 인터넷 가전 등의 정보통신 기기와 윈도우, 유닉스, 리눅스와 같은 운영체제 모두 적용할 수 있는 자바브라우저의 개발은 필수적이라고 할 수 있다. 즉, 자바가상머신(JVM, KVM)이 탑재되어 있는 모든 플랫폼에서 동작한다는 특징 하나만으로도 현재 Explorer와 Nescape사의 상용 브라우저사이의 양분화와 호환성문제를 해결해 준다고 할 수 있다. 그래서, 본논문에서는 현재 상용의 브라우저보단 기능면에서는 미약하지만 커다랄 확장성과 가능성을 가진 자바언어를 가지고 모든 기기에 동참할 수 있는 자바브라우저를 설계하고 구현하였다.

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