• Title/Summary/Keyword: 윈도우 기반

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Content-based image retrieval using region-based image querying (영역 기반의 영상 질의를 이용한 내용 기반 영상 검색)

  • Kim, Nac-Woo;Song, Ho-Young;Kim, Bong-Tae
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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    • v.32 no.10C
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    • pp.990-999
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    • 2007
  • In this paper, we propose the region-based image retrieval method using JSEG which is a method for unsupervised segmentation of color-texture regions. JSEG is an algorithm that discretizes an image by color classification, makes the J-image by applying a region to window mask, and then segments the image by using a region growing and merging. The segmented image from JSEG is given to a user as the query image, and a user can select a few segmented regions as the query region. After finding the MBR of regions selected by user query and generating the multiple window masks based on the center point of MBR, we extract the feature vectors from selected regions. We use the accumulated histogram as the global descriptor for performance comparison of extracted feature vectors in each method. Our approach fast and accurately supplies the relevant images for the given query, as the feature vectors extracted from specific regions and global regions are simultaneously applied to image retrieval. Experimental evidence suggests that our algorithm outperforms the recent image-based methods for image indexing and retrieval.

Modified RTT Estimation Scheme for Improving Throughput of Delay-based TCP in Wireless Networks (무선 환경에서 지연기반 TCP의 성능 향상을 위한 수정된 RTT 측정 기법)

  • Kang, Hyunsoo;Park, Jiwoo;Chung, Kwangsue
    • Journal of KIISE
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    • v.43 no.8
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    • pp.919-926
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    • 2016
  • In a wireless network, TCP causes the performance degradation because of mistaking packet loss, which is caused by characteristics of wireless link and throughput oscillation due to change of devices connected on a limited bandwidth. Delay based TCP is not affected by packet loss because it controls window size by using the RTT. Therefore, it can solve the problem of unnecessary degradation of the rate caused by misunderstanding reason of packet loss. In this paper, we propose an algorithm for improving the remaining problems by using delay based TCP. The proposed scheme can change throughput adaptively by adding the RTT, which rapidly reflects the network conditions to BaseRTT. It changes the weight of RTT and the increases and decreases window size based on the remaining amount of the buffer. The simulation indicated that proposed scheme can alleviate the throughput oscillation problem, as compared to the legacy TCP Vegas.

An Adaptive Contention-window Adjustment Technique Based on Individual Class Traffic for IEEE 802.11e Performance (802.11e의 성능 향상을 위한 개별적 클래스 트래픽에 기반한 동적 충돌 윈도우 크기 조절 기법)

  • Um, Jin-Yeong;Oh, Kyung-Sik;Ahn, Jong-Suk
    • Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.191-195
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    • 2008
  • This paper proposes a technique for improving IEEE 802.11e EDCA's performance by dynamically adjusting each class's contention window size based on each class's traffic amount. For providing differentiated service differently from 802.11, 802.11e EDCA maintains four classes each of which specifies different static minimum and maximum contention window sizes. Since the initial window sites significantly affect the 802.11e performance, several window adjustment schemes have been proposed. One of the schemes known as CWminAS (CWmin Adaptation Scheme) dynamically and synchronously determines the four windows' site based on the periodically measured collision rate. This method, however, can lower the send probability of high priority classes since it can't differentiate their collisions from those of low priority classes, leading to the channel underutilization. For solving this problem, we propose ACATICT(Adaptive Contention-window Adjustment Technique based on Individual Class Traffic) algorithm which adapts each class window size based on each individual collision rate rather than one average collision rate. Our simulation experiments show that ACATICT achieves better utilization by around 10% at maximum.

Design and Analsis of a high speed switching system with two priority (두개의 우선 순위를 가지는 고속 스윗칭 시스템의 설계 및 성능 분석)

  • Hong, Yo-Hun;Choe, Jin-Sik;Jeon, Mun-Seok
    • The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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    • v.8C no.6
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    • pp.793-805
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    • 2001
  • In the recent priority system, high-priority packet will be served first and low-priority packet will be served when there isn\`t any high-priority packet in the system. By the way, even high-priority packet can be blocked by HOL (Head of Line) contention in the input queueing System. Therefore, the whole switching performance can be improved by serving low-priority packet even though high-priority packet is blocked. In this paper, we study the performance of preemptive priority in an input queueing switch for high speed switch system. The analysis of this switching system is taken into account of the influence of priority scheduling and the window scheme for head-of-line contention. We derive queue length distribution, delay and maximum throughput for the switching system based on these control schemes. Because of the service dependencies between inputs, an exact analysis of this switching system is intractable. Consequently, we provide an approximate analysis based on some independence assumption and the flow conservation rule. We use an equivalent queueing system to estimate the service capability seen by each input. In case of the preemptive priority policy without considering a window scheme, we extend the approximation technique used by Chen and Guerin [1] to obtain more accurate results. Moreover, we also propose newly a window scheme that is appropriate for the preemptive priority switching system in view of implementation and operation. It can improve the total system throughput and delay performance of low priority packets. We also analyze this window scheme using an equivalent queueing system and compare the performance results with that without the window scheme. Numerical results are compared with simulations.

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An Action Research to Improve Nursing Ethics and Professional Course using Visual Thinking and Window Panning (비주얼 씽킹과 윈도우 패닝을 적용한 간호윤리와 전문직 교과목 수업개선에 관한 실행연구)

  • Choi, Hanna;Kim, Suhyun
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.22 no.3
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    • pp.362-373
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    • 2021
  • This is an action research study of mixed methodology design to confirm the implementation process and effects of applying visual thinking and window paning on improving nursing ethics and professional courses. Based on the conceptual model for action research, a quantitative and qualitative approach was taken. The data was collected and analyzed in an integrated manner. The survey analysis was done using the SPSS WIN 23.0 program. The participants were interviewed after experiencing the techniques in class and content analysis was used on the answers. As a result of applying visual thinking and window paning, ethical decision-making confidence (t=6.748, p<.001) and nursing professional intuition (t=-3.52, p<.001) showed statistically significant changes. There was, however, no significant change in biomedical ethics consciousness (t=1.291, p=.199). Qualitative analysis found that they had fresh experience, an unfamiliar but comfortable feeling, feeling of being mine, insufficient time, systematic case study approach based on theory, were able to cultivate cooperation and coordination ability through discussion and experience in various professional fields, pride, ethical responsibility consciousness and were able to apply learning content in the field. Visual thinking and window paning foster diverse competencies in nursing education and help integrative learning. Therefore, based on the results it is proposed that visual thinking and window paning are applied to the improvement of instruction in other courses to develop core nursing competency.

A Window-Based Permit Distribution Scheme to Support Multi-Class Traffic in ATM Passive Optical Networks (ATM 기반 광 가입자망에서 멀티클래스 트래픽의 효율적인 전송을 위한 윈도우 기반 허락 분배 기법)

  • Lee, Ho-Suk;Eun, Ji-Suk;No, Seon-Sik;Kim, Yeong-Cheon
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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    • v.37 no.1
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    • pp.12-22
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    • 2000
  • This paper presents the window-based permit distribution scheme for efficient medium access control to support multiclass traffic in APON(ATM over passive optical network). The proposed MAC protocol considers the characteristics of QoS(Quality of Service) for various traffic classes. A periodic RAU(request access unit) in upstream direction, includes dedicative request fields for each traffic category within the request slot. The transmission of upstream cell is permitted by the proposed window-based spacing scheme which distributes the requested traffic into several segments in the unit of one spacing window. The delay sensitive traffic source such as CBR or VBR with the stringent requirements on CDV and delay, is allocated prior to any other class. In order to reduce the CDV, so that the permit arrival rate close to the cell arrival rate, Running-Window algorithm is applied to permit distribution processing for these classes. The ABR traffic, which has not-strict CDV or delay criteria, is allocated flexibly to the residual bandwidth in FIFO manner. UBR traffic is allocated with the lowest priority for the remaining capacity. The performance of proposed protocol is evaluated in terms of transfer delay and 1-point CDV according to various offered load. The simulation results show that our protocol has the prominent improvement on CDV and delay performance with compared to the previous protocol.

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GIS 하천수질정보를 활용한 수질모델링 시스템 개발

  • 엄명철;임종완;이광야;김계현
    • Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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    • 2002.05a
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    • pp.317-322
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    • 2002
  • 본 연구는 유역 수질의 효과적인 관리와 수질 모델의 효율적인 활용을 위하여 GIS를 기반으로 수질 모델과 지형 및 문자 데이터베이스를 통합한 모델링 시스템(Water Quality Management System)을 개발하고 전라북도 내 동진강에 대해 적용하였다. WQMS는 DOS 기반의 수질모델이 가지는 복잡성과 결과해석의 불편을 최소화하기 위하여 윈도우 기반의 하천모델을 운용하기 위한 시스템을 구축하고, 나아가 GIS 기반의 사용자에게 보다 편리한 모델링 환경을 제공하도록 설계되었다. 개발된 시스템의 구현 단계는 전처리와 모델링 실행, 후처리의 세단계로 구분될 수 있다. 전처리단계는 DB에 의해 모델실행을 지원하며 후처리 단계에서는 GIS를 이용하여 모델실행 결과를 그래프와 속성 자료로 확인할 수 있도록 하였다. 또한 실측자료를 활용하여 WQMS의 적용성을 평가한 결과 신뢰성이 높게 평가되었다. WQMS는 기존 DOS 기반의 모델링의 복잡성을 제거하고 정도 높은 수질분석을 수행하므로서 효율적인 유역 수질관리에 필요한 기본자료를 제공할 것으로 기대된다.

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Semantic Segmentation using Iterative Over-Segmentation and Minimum Entropy Clustering with Automatic Window Size (자동 윈도우 크기 결정 기법을 적용한 Minimum Entropy Clustering과 Iterative Over-Segmentation 기반 Semantic Segmentation)

  • Choi, Hyunguk;Song, Hyeon-Seung;Sohn, Hong-Gyoo;Jeon, Moongu
    • Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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    • 2014.04a
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    • pp.826-829
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    • 2014
  • 본 연구에서는 야외 지형 영상 및 항공 영상 등에 대하여 각각의 영역들의 속성을 분할 및 인식 하기 위해 minimum entropy clustering 기반의 군집화 기법과 over-segmentation을 반복 적용하여 군집화 하는 두 방법을 융합한 기법을 제안하였다. 이 기법들을 기반으로 각 군집의 대표 영역을 추출한 후에 학습 데이터를 기반으로 만들어진 텍스톤 사전과 학습 데이터 각각의 텍스톤 모델을 이용하여 텍스톤 히스토그램 매칭을 통해 매칭 포인트를 얻어내고 얻어낸 매칭 포인트를 기반으로 영역의 카테고리를 결정한다. 본 논문에서는 인터넷에서 얻은 일반 야외 영상들로부터 자체적으로 제작한 지형 데이터 셋을 통해 제안한 기법의 우수성을 검증하였으며, 본 실험에서는 영역을 토양, 수풀 그리고 물 지형으로 하여 영상내의 영역을 분류 및 인식하였다.

Analysis and Evaluation of Frequent Pattern Mining Technique based on Landmark Window (랜드마크 윈도우 기반의 빈발 패턴 마이닝 기법의 분석 및 성능평가)

  • Pyun, Gwangbum;Yun, Unil
    • Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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    • v.15 no.3
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    • pp.101-107
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    • 2014
  • With the development of online service, recent forms of databases have been changed from static database structures to dynamic stream database structures. Previous data mining techniques have been used as tools of decision making such as establishment of marketing strategies and DNA analyses. However, the capability to analyze real-time data more quickly is necessary in the recent interesting areas such as sensor network, robotics, and artificial intelligence. Landmark window-based frequent pattern mining, one of the stream mining approaches, performs mining operations with respect to parts of databases or each transaction of them, instead of all the data. In this paper, we analyze and evaluate the techniques of the well-known landmark window-based frequent pattern mining algorithms, called Lossy counting and hMiner. When Lossy counting mines frequent patterns from a set of new transactions, it performs union operations between the previous and current mining results. hMiner, which is a state-of-the-art algorithm based on the landmark window model, conducts mining operations whenever a new transaction occurs. Since hMiner extracts frequent patterns as soon as a new transaction is entered, we can obtain the latest mining results reflecting real-time information. For this reason, such algorithms are also called online mining approaches. We evaluate and compare the performance of the primitive algorithm, Lossy counting and the latest one, hMiner. As the criteria of our performance analysis, we first consider algorithms' total runtime and average processing time per transaction. In addition, to compare the efficiency of storage structures between them, their maximum memory usage is also evaluated. Lastly, we show how stably the two algorithms conduct their mining works with respect to the databases that feature gradually increasing items. With respect to the evaluation results of mining time and transaction processing, hMiner has higher speed than that of Lossy counting. Since hMiner stores candidate frequent patterns in a hash method, it can directly access candidate frequent patterns. Meanwhile, Lossy counting stores them in a lattice manner; thus, it has to search for multiple nodes in order to access the candidate frequent patterns. On the other hand, hMiner shows worse performance than that of Lossy counting in terms of maximum memory usage. hMiner should have all of the information for candidate frequent patterns to store them to hash's buckets, while Lossy counting stores them, reducing their information by using the lattice method. Since the storage of Lossy counting can share items concurrently included in multiple patterns, its memory usage is more efficient than that of hMiner. However, hMiner presents better efficiency than that of Lossy counting with respect to scalability evaluation due to the following reasons. If the number of items is increased, shared items are decreased in contrast; thereby, Lossy counting's memory efficiency is weakened. Furthermore, if the number of transactions becomes higher, its pruning effect becomes worse. From the experimental results, we can determine that the landmark window-based frequent pattern mining algorithms are suitable for real-time systems although they require a significant amount of memory. Hence, we need to improve their data structures more efficiently in order to utilize them additionally in resource-constrained environments such as WSN(Wireless sensor network).

Reliable Asynchronous Image Transfer Protocol In Wireless Multimedia Sensor Network (무선 멀티미디어 센서 네트워크에서의 신뢰성 있는 비동기적 이미지 전송 프로토콜)

  • Lee, Joa-Hyoung;Seon, Ju-Ho;Jung, In-Bum
    • The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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    • v.15C no.4
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    • pp.281-288
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    • 2008
  • Recently, the advance of multimedia hardware has fostered the development of wireless multimedia sensor network which is able to ubiquitously obtain multimedia content such as image or audio from the environment. The multimedia data which has several characteristics such as large size and correlation between the data requires reliability in transmission. However, the existing solution which take the focus on the efficiency of network mainly, is not appropriate to transmit the multimedia data. In the paper, we proposes a reliable asynchronous image transfer protocol, RAIT. RAIT applies double sliding window method in node-to-node image tansfer to prevent the packet loss caused by network congestion. The double sliding window consists of one sliding window for the receiving queue, which is used for prevention of packet loss caused by communication failure between nodes and the other sliding window for the sending queue which prevents the packet loss caused by network congestion. the routing node prevents the packet loss and guarantees the fairness between the nodes by scheduling the packets based on the image non-preemptively. The RAIT implements the double sliding window method by cross layer design between RAIT layer, routing layer, and queue layer. The experiment shows that RAIT guarantees the reliability of image transmission compared with the existing protocol.