• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.223-231
• /
• 2007

Considering wind speed uncertainty, reliability analysis of the LNG unloading arm at Tongyoung Production Site was performed. Extreme distribution of wind speed was estimated from the data collected at the weather center and wind load was calculated using wind velocities and coefficients of wind pressure. The unloading arm was modeled with plate and solid elements. Contact elements were used to describe the interface between base of structure andground. Response surface for maximum effective stress was found for reliability analysis and then reliability functions was defined and used to determine exceeding probability of allowable and yield stresses. In addition, sensitivity analysis was also performed to estimate the effect of possible material deterioration in the future.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.142-150
• /
• 2019

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the Humpty Dumpty Falls Scale as one of the falls risk assessment tools, and also to evaluate risk factors as predictors of falls in pediatric patient populations. Methods: In a retrospective, case-control design with data from the electronic medical records of 13 pediatric patients who fell and 1,941 who did not fall before matching and 429 who did not fall after matching by gender, age, diagnosis, and length of stay. Results: All the variables showed no significant differences after matching. At the cutoff score of 13, sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive values were 92.3%, 37.1%, 99.9%, and 0.01%, respectively. The area under the Receiver Operating Characteristics was 0.597. The results from the logistic regression showed that the pediatric inpatient population who had higher risk scores was significantly associated with falls. The odds ratios ranged from 1.31 to 4.71 with 90% confidence interval. Conclusion: The saturation impairments criterion as one of the diagnostic parameter was negatively associated with falls, but the relative risk score was higher than the other criteria. Therefore, it seems that the diagnostic parameter seems to be required to verify results through large sample studies.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
• /
• v.82 no.2
• /
• pp.280-297
• /
• 2021

International guidelines recommended screening with ultrasonography (US) every 6 months for patients at risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, US demonstrates low sensitivity for the early detection of HCC. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays an important role in the noninvasive diagnosis of HCC, but it is not suitable for surveillance due to its lengthy examination and high cost. Therefore, several studies have been using various abbreviated MRI strategies, including noncontrast abbreviated MRI, dynamic contrast-enhanced abbreviated MRI, and abbreviated MRI using hepatobiliary phase image for HCC surveillance. In this article, we aim to review these various strategies and explore the future direction of HCC surveillance considering the cost-effectiveness aspect.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.111-118
• /
• 2022

This study is an analysis of auditor's response to audit risk. Specifically, audit risk is measured by the amount of correction of the current financial statements, and auditor's response is measured by the rate of change of audit hour in next auditing. The amount of correction can be viewed as audit risk recognized by auditor because the degree of auditor's correction will increase as the company's financial statement preparation ability is lower or the profit management amount is larger. Auditor's response is measured as the rate of change of audit hour because audit risk would be incorporated in audit plan. Although auditing is performed by a team, auditor's response would differ depending on their roles. It is expected the leaders who establish the audit plan and manage the audit quality would respond more sensitively to audit risk than the other auditors. The results show that when the amount of correction is greater than a certain level, auditors recognize it as audit risk and increase total(and leaders') audit hour in next year audit.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.215-222
• /
• 2003

Purpose : This study was to analyze serious bacterial infections in infants younger than three months of age and to review the direction of treatments for these patients. Methods : 378 febrile infants with a rectal temperature ${\geq}38.0^{\circ}C$ visited from Jan. 2001 through Dec. 2002 were retrospectively studied. Infants with the following criteria belonged to the low risk group. WBC $5,000{\sim}15,000/mm^3$, WBC negative in urine stick test and negative for nitirite test, CSF WBC < $10/mm^3$ and negative in CSF gram stain, negative chest X-ray, stool WBC <5/HFP(high power field), and focal infection. If any of the above criteria were not met, they belonged to the high risk group. SBI was defined as a positive culture of urine, blood or CSF. SI was defined as aseptic meningitis or pneumonia including above laboratory tests of SBI. SBI patients were separately compared with two groups, high risk and low risk. Results : Of the 378 infants that were tested 216(57.1%) were in the high risk group and 162(42.9%) in the low risk group. Among 105 SBI(27.8%) and 172 SI(45.5%), there were 98 urinary tract infection(25.2%), 10 bacteremia(2.6%), 2 bacterial meningitis(0.6%), and 77 aseptic meningitis(22.8%). There were 76 SBI(35.2%) from the high risk group and 29 SBI(17.9%) from the low risk group identified. The results of the sensitivity(72.4%), the specificity(48.7%), the negative predictive value(82.1%) and the positive predictive value (35.2%) were calculated. Conclusion : Even though the probability of SBI in the low risk group is insignificant, it should still be considered in febrile infants younger than 3 months of age. I believe the CSF study is necessary because of the moderate high incidence of abnormal finding in our study.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• v.48 no.12
• /
• pp.1362-1369
• /
• 2005

Purpose : This study aimed to investigate the correlation between the plasma level of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide(pro-BNP) and several known risk factors influencing outcomes after Fontan operations, and to assess whether pro-BNP levels can be used as predictive risk factors in Fontan operations. Methods : Plasma pro-BNP concentrations were measured in 35 patients with complex cardiac anomalies before catheterization. Cardiac catheterization was performed in all subjects. Mean right atrium pressure, mean pulmonary artery pressure(PAP), and ventricular end-diastolic pressure(EDP) were obtained. Cardiac output and pulmonary vascular resistance were calculated by Fick method. Results : Plasma pro-BNP levels exhibited statistically significant positive correlations with mean PAP(r=0.70, P<0.001), pulmonary vascular resistance(r=0.57, P<0.001), RVEDP(r=0.63, P<0.001), LVEDP(r=0.74, P<0.001), and cardiothoracic ratio(r=0.71, P<0.001). The area under the ROC curve using pro-BNP level to differentiate risk groups in Fontan operations was high : 0.868(95 percent CI, 0.712-1.023, P<0.01). The cutoff value of pro-BNP concentrations for the detection of risk groups in Fontan operations was determined to be 332.4 pg/mL(sensitivity 83.3 percent, specificity 82.7 percent). Conclusion : These data suggest that plasma pro-BNP levels may be used as a predictive risk factor in Fontan operations, and as a guide to determine the mode of therapy during follow-up after Fontan operations.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.674-680
• /
• 2013

This paper investigates the impact of liquidity constraints on investment expenditures of family and non-family firms. We analyze the ownership structure of family firms to determine whether family control alleviates or exacerbates investment-cash flow sensitivity in domestic firms. To examine the impact of liquidity constraints on investment expenditures of family and non-family firms, we used a financial data of 644 Korea Exchange traded companies over the 2000 - 2010 period. We estimated a time-series and cross-sectional regression model, using samples of family firms and non-family firms. The results show that cash flow is not associated with investment expenditure in family firms, whereas cash flow has a positive impact on investment in non-family firms. Our results show that lower or no investment-cash flow sensitivities in family-controlled firms are mainly attributable to lower agency costs through strong monitoring activities of family members. Higher investment-cash flow sensitivities are observed in non-family firms with more agency problems. This suggests that investment-cash flow sensitivities would be useful measures of liquidity constraints.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.353-361
• /
• 2018

This study aimed to examine the effects of rejection sensitivity on depression and anxiety, and the moderating effects of school violence victimization experiences on the relationships between rejection sensitivity and both anxiety and depression. Based on the results, we suggested a method of screening soldiers at high risk of depression and anxiety and interventions for their psychological adaptation. The data about anxiety, depression, rejection sensitivity, and school violence victimization experiences was collected from 126 airmen in S city, South Korea. To test the moderation effects, multiple regression analyses were conducted in which the rejection sensitivity, anxiety, school violence victimization experiences and their interaction terms were hierarchically entered. The moderation of school violence victimization experiences was found in the relationship between rejection sensitivity and school violence victimization experiences. The specific interaction patterns in each of these significant interaction effects were examined. Finally, the importance of school violence victimization experiences as a high-risk factor in army life and the clinical implication of these findings were discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• 2006.11a
• /
• pp.58-63
• /
• 2006

In the recent years, the government pay more interested in BTL projects, this led to rapid growth of BTL projects. But the project stakeholder has encountered with some problems during initial phase. As a result, a distinct need has emerged for analysis of risk factors for BTL projects. Based on real cases, this study resulted in risk factors influencing every phases and grouped risk factors into each phase. In addition, this study also perform sensitivity analysis in order to know how risk factors affect to BTL projects. Moreover, the result of this study can be used as a tools for anyone who study or encounter the same problems in the future. The paper can be used as standards for risk assignment that occur between competent authorities and private enterprises.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
• /
• v.39 no.4
• /
• pp.549-555
• /
• 2016

This study was an evaluation of the significance of each parameter through aimed at pregnant women subjected to screening test(integrated test) in predicting risk of Down syndrome. We retrospectively analysed the correlation of risk of Down's syndrome with Nuchal Translucency(NT) images measured by ultrasound, Pregnancy Associated Plasma Protein A(PAPP-A), alpha-fetoprotein(AFP), unconjugated estriol(uE3), human chorionic gonadotrophin(hCG) and Inhibin A by maternal serum. As a result, a significant correlation with NT, uE3, hCG, Inhibin A is revealed with Down's syndrome risk(P<.001). In ROC analysis, AUC of Inhibin A is analysed as the biggest predictor of Down's syndrome(0.859). And the criterion for cut-off was inhibin A 1.4 MoM(sensitivity 81.8%, specificity 75.9%). In conclusion, Inhibin A was the most useful in parameters to predict Down's syndrome in the integrated test. If we make up for the weakness based on the cut-off value of parameters they will be able to be used as an independent indicator in the risk of Down's syndrome screening.