• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.335-343
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• 2015

One of the primary concerns about the environmental risks of genetically modified (GM) crops is that they may have adverse effects on the local arthropod communities. In this study, we investigated whether the arthropod diversity and community structure in fields of GM rice tolerant to protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO)-inhibiting herbicides differ from those in non-GM (control) rice fields. The aim of this study was to assess the potential adverse effects of GM rice on the local arthropod communities. During the growing seasons in the study period, we collected arthropods from both fields by using yellow sticky traps and compared the diversity and community structure of arthropods from the two sites. Overall, the GM rice had no significant effect on the diversity of the local arthropod communities. In addition, multivariate analyses (permutational multivariate analysis of variance and nonmetric multidimensional scaling) showed that the structures of arthropod communities were not affected by the rice genotype (GM vs. non-GM), although these comparisons were made using data obtained at different sampling dates.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.797-802
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• 2003

Structured lipids (SL) were synthesized by esterification of corn oil and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in a continuous packed-bed column reactor. The effects of flow rate, reaction temperature, and substrate molar ratios were studied. The reaction was catalyzed by TL IM (immobilized lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosa). Results of triacylglycerol (TAG) analysis by GC showed that the incorporated CLA isomers were mainly cis9, trans11- and trans 10, cis12-CLA. Slower flow rates yielded higher incorporation, and maximum incorporation of CLA was obtained with a molar ratio of 1:3 (corn oil: CLA) at a temperature of $55^{\circ}C$. The obtained SLs had iodine values ranging from 120 to 128. The SLs were composed of TAG $(98{\sim}99%)$, 1,2- and 1,3-diacylglycerol ($0.7{\sim}1.3%$), and a small amount of monoacylglycerol.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.62 no.3
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• pp.303-326
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• 2023

Mathematics is a discipline with a strong systemic structure, and learning deficits in previous stages have a great influence on the next stages of learning. Therefore, it is necessary to frequently check whether students have learned well and to provide immediate feedback, and for this purpose, intelligent tutoring system(ITS) can be used in math education. For this reason, it is necessary to reveal how the intelligent tutoring system is effective in personalized adaptive learning. The purpose of this study is to investigate the functions and applications of intelligent tutoring system for personalized adaptive learning in mathematics. To achieve this goal, literature reviews and surveys with students were applied to derive implications. Based on the literature reviews, the functions of intelligent tutoring system for personalized adaptive learning were derived. They can be broadly divided into diagnosis and evaluation, analysis and prediction, and feedback and content delivery. The learning and lesson plans were designed by them and it was applied to fifth graders in elementary school for about three months. As a result of this study, intelligent tutoring system was mostly supporting personalized adaptive learning in mathematics in several ways. Also, the researcher suggested that more sophisticated materials and technologies should be developed for effective personalized adaptive learning in mathematics by using intelligent tutoring system.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2021.06a
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• pp.489-489
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• 2021

생활·공업용수 목적의 하천수 사용량은 유량계 등 검증된 방법으로 사용량 계측 및 실적보고를 수행하고 있으나, 농업용수는 검증되지 않은 수문조작 등의 간접방법을 인정하고 있어 사용실적 자료의 신뢰도가 낮은 실정이다. 하천수의 효율적인 물 배분을 위해 농업용수 사용량 자료에 대한 신뢰도 확보 및 자료관리 기반 마련이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 전국 수리권일제조사 자료를 이용하여 농업용수 사용시설에 대한 구분 및 정리를 통해 수집체계 구축 대상을 선정하고, 사용시설의 형태 및 규모에 따라 적정 계측기술 적용 방안 및 연차별 구축 계획을 통해 농업용수 사용량 자료를 관리할 수 있는 방안을 제시하였다. 조사된 전체 하천수 사용시설 중 제원정보 및 허가량이 유효한 14,575건 중 농업용수는 12,745건으로 개소수 대비 88.9%, 허가량 대비 81.3%(생활·농업·공업용수 대상)를 차지하고 있다. 이중 하천수 사용량 보고대상인 8,000 m³/일 이상의 1,696건에 대한 자료의 수집이 수행된다면, 전체 농업용수의 86.0%에 해당하는 사용량 자료를 확보할 수 있다. 수집체계 구축 대상 1,696건의 시설형태별(양수장, 취수보), 규모별(허가량 10만 m³/일 기준) 구분을 통해 취수보와 양수장의 최적 계측방법 선정 및 연차별 구축 계획을 수립하였다. 전국에 산재한 전체 농업용수 사용량 자료의 확보가 현실적으로 어렵기 때문에, 적정 개소수의 수집체계 구축 및 운영으로 전체 농업용수 사용량의 상당부분 자료를 확보할 수 있다면 실시간 하천수 관리 및 효율적인 물 배분을 위한 기반을 마련할 수 있을 것이라 기대한다.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.536-544
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• 2021

In the present study, safe management and value improvement of bamboo sunblind, which is an item of cultural heritage, were performed by adopting stable conservation treatment methods. The bamboo sunblind used in the present study was excavated from No. 1 catchment site in Baesanseongji, Busan. It was determined that the main material used to make the sunblind was bamboo, and herbal plants were used to weave the bamboo using lacquer as an adhesive agent. All contaminants and soil adhered to the sunblind was removed. Thereafter, the sunblind, which was recovered in the form of blocks, was washed separately after fixing it to a temporary plaster frame and to avoid the blocks from breaking during washing. Then, polyethylene glycol (PEG) impregnation was utilized for the reinforcement treatment. Based on the preliminary test results, the shape of the sunblind was fixed using a stainless-steel frame to prevent physical damage that may occur during the drying process. Thereafter, the bamboo sunblind was vacuum freeze-dried. PEG 20% (in ethyl alcohol) was applied as a surface treatment agent for stabilization the sunblind. After the surface treatment, the bamboo sunblind were joined together to fit the maximum width, and the rectangular shape of the sunblind was restored-as best as possible-while filling in the missing parts by maximizing the use of unknown members such as in the disturbed layers below bamboo sunblind surface. The conservation treatment was completed by fixing the bamboo sunblind into the fabricated frame.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.441-450
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• 2014

In this study, we consider ability of self-purification for a rational water quality management. And we assess the risk of Alkyl Benzene Sulfonic acid sodium salt(ABS) of harmful ingredients in Anseong Cheon watershed using QUAL2E model. The observations and simulated results were fitted well for BOD and ABS, but even though the trend of DO concentration change was well represented, the error between observation and simulation values was existed. We assessed the Risk assessment by calculating Risk quotient(RQ) by Predicted Exposure Concentration(PEC) and Predicted No-Effect Concentration(PNEC). Results of the impact of ABS on the self-purification of the river were Anseongcheon[0.0003(Bressan), 0.06(Criteria of Ministry of environment)], Jinwicheon[0.0002(Bressan), 0.04(Criteria of Ministry of environment). And result of the impact of ABS on the Aquatic ecosystem of the river were Anseongcheon[0.0667(Bressan), 0.005(Criteria of Ministry of environment)], Jinwicheon[0.1(Bressan), 0.0075(Criteria of Ministry of environment). All of these results were smaller than the 1.0 which is the reference value suggested by Norification No.30 of the National Institute of Environment Research. So, ABS did not affect a self-purification and aquatic ecosystem of the river. The method suggested in the study is a simple one and can provide more information for harmful ingredients than criteria of Ministry of environment.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.33-44
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• 2008

Most of the civil structure - bridges, offshore structures, plant, etc. - have been designed by the classical approaches which deal with all the design parameters as deterministic variables. However, some more advanced techniques are required to evaluate the inherent randomness and uncertainty of each design variable. In this research, a seismic safety assessment algorithm based on the structural reliability analysis has been formulated and computerized for more reasonable seismic design of turbine-generator foundations. The formulation takes the design parameters of the system and loading properties as random variables. Using the proposed method, various kinds of parametric studies have been performed and probabilistic characteristics of the resulted structural responses have been evaluated. Afterwards, the probabilistic safety of the system has been quantitatively evaluated and finally presented as the reliability indexes and failure probabilities. The proposed procedure is expected to be used as a fundamental tool to improve the existing design techniques of turbine-generator foundations.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.313-318
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• 2015

We investigated the prevalence of extended spectrum ${\beta}$-lactamase (ESBL) genes and 16S rRNA methyltransferase genes to study antimicrobial resistance mechanisms of Enterobacter cloacae strains isolated from a university hospital in the Chungcheong province of Korea. Eight of the bacteria strains involved in this study contained CTX-M-15 type ESBL. Among 8 strains harboring the ESBL gene, 3 strains also harbored armA gene. The three isolates showed resistance to antimicrobial agents belonged to third cephalosporin, aminoglycoside, and fluoroquinolones. Furthermore, interspecies plasmid transfer of the antimicrobial resistant genes may induced horizontal spreading of the genes and emergence of multidrug resistant bacteria. Therefore, surveillance for existence of antimicrobial resistance determinants is important to prevent distribution of antimicrobial resistant strains.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.423-423
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• 2023

습지 생태계는 탄소저장고, 대기 온·습도 조절 등의 기능을 수행하는 만큼 면밀한 관리가 요구된다. 습지의 규모와 생태계는 밀접한 연관성을 가지므로 그 규모를 우선적으로 파악할 필요가 있으며, 이를 위해 지표면의 상태를 산지, 습지, 수역 등의 항목으로 구분한 토지피복지도가 고려될 수 있다. 현재, 환경부에서 운영 중인 환경공간정보서비스(https://egis.me.go.kr/)에서는 각각 30 m, 5 m, 1 m의 공간 해상도와 7, 22, 41가지 분류 항목을 갖는 대분류, 중분류, 세분류로 구분된 토지피복지도를 제공하며 이러한 자료들은 모두 1년 이상의 시간 해상도를 갖는다. 습지의 경우, 계절에 따른 환경 변화로 인한 규모의 변동성이 크게 나타날 수 있기 때문에 1년 이하의 시간 해상도를 갖는 고품질 토지피복 분류 정보가 요구된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 기존 자료의 낮은 시간 해상도 보완을 목표로, 1개월과 30 m의 시·공간 해상도를 갖는 토지피복지도를 구축하기 위한 방법론을 제안하고자 한다. 이를 위해 Landsat-8 등과 같은 다양한 인공위성 자료를 수집하고, Support Vector Machine 등과 같은 머신러닝 기법을 적용하였다. 최종적으로 습지보전법에서 지정한 습지보호지역 중 내륙습지 26개소를 대상으로, 본 연구로부터 산출된 토지피복지도를 기존 환경공간정보서비스 내 대분류 토지피복지도와 비교·평가하였다.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.557-580
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is developing the manifestation process model of group creativity among mathematically gifted students. Therefore, I designed the manifestation process model of group creativity by researching the existing literatures on group creativity and mathematical creativity. The manifestation process model of group creativity was applied to mathematically gifted students' class. By analyzing students' response, the manifestation process model of group creativity was improved and concretized. In conclusion, the process of a combination of contributions was concretized and the major variables on group creativity such as a diversity, conflict, emotionally supportive environment and social comparison were verified. In addition, some reflective processes was discovered from a case study.