• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.499-508
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• 2013

This article presents a new method for semi-automatic extraction of building information (height, shape, and footprint location) from monoscopic urban scenes. The proposed method is to expand Semi-automatic Volumetric Shadow Analysis (SVSA), which can handle occluded building footprints or shadows semi-automatically. SVSA can extract wrong building information from a single high resolution satellite image because SVSA is influenced by extracted shadow area, image noise and objects around a building. The proposed method can reduce the disadvantage of SVSA by using multi-spectral images. The proposed method applies SVSA to panchromatic and multi-spectral images. Results of SVSA are used as parameters of a cost function. A building height with maximum value of the cost function is determined as actual building height. For performance evaluation, building heights extracted by SVSA and the proposed method from Kompsat-2 images were compared with reference heights extracted from stereo IKONOS. The result of performance evaluation shows the proposed method is a more accurate and stable method than SVSA.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.15A no.3
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• pp.141-149
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• 2008

In this research we present a novel method which combines and visualizes the design model and the FDM-based simulation result of solidification. Moreover we employ VR displays and visualize stereoscopic images to provide an effective analysis environment. First we reconstruct the solidification simulation result to a rectangular mesh model using a conventional simulation software. Then each point color of the reconstructed model represents a temperature value of its position. Next we map the two models by finding the nearest point of the reconstructed model for each point of the design model and then assign the point color of the design model as that of the reconstructed model. Before this mapping we apply mesh subdivision because the design model is composed of minimum number of points and that makes the point distribution of the design model not uniform compared with the reconstructed model. In this process the original shape is preserved in the manner that points are added to the mesh edge which length is longer than a predefined threshold value. The implemented system visualizes the solidification simulation data on the design model, which allows the user to understand the object geometry precisely. The immersive and realistic working environment constructed with use of VR display can support the user to discover the defect occurrence faster and more effectively.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.87-104
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• 2007

As part of the SPVS (Short-Period Variability Survey) which is a wide-field $(90'{\times}60')$ photometric monitering program at Bohyunsan Optical Astronomy (BOAO), we performed V band time-series CCD photometric observations ofthe young open cluster NGC 129 for 11 nights between October 12, 2004 and November 3, 2005 using the 155mm refractor equipped with $3K{\times}2K$ CCD camera. From the observation we obtained 2400 V band CCD frames and color-magnitude diagram of the cluster. To transform instrumental magnitude to standard magnitude, we applied ensemble normalization technique to all observed time-series data. After the photometric reduction process, we examined variations of 9537 stars. As a result, sixty six of the new variable stars were discovered. To determine the periods of the sevariables, we used DFT(Discrete Fourier Transform) and phase-matching technique. According to light curve shape, period, amplitude and the position on a C-M diagram, we classified these variables as 9 SPB type, 9 ${\delta}$ Scuti type, 29 eclipsing, 17 long term variables. However, two of them were not classified. From this study, we learned that small telescopes could be a very useful tool to observe variable stars in the open cluster in survey program.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.67-70
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• 2000

최근 네트워크 서비스 및 분산 컴퓨팅 환경의 급격한 발전과 더불어 인터넷 기반 지리정보 시스템과 이 기종 시스템간에 상호 운용성을 지원하는 분산 지리정보시스템의 기술이 혁신적으로 발전하게 되었다. 현재 이러한 상호 운용성과 더불어 기 구축된 시스템의 재 사용성을 극대화하기 위하여 개방형 컴포넌트 소프트웨어 기술이 발표[1]되었으며, 최근 발표되는 지리정보시스템들도 이러한 개방화와 컴포넌트화 기술을 채택하여 개발되고 있다. 이러한 개방형 컴포넌트 소프트웨어 기술은 컴퓨터 소프트웨어 산업 전반에 커다란 파급 효과를 끼치고 있다. 지리정보시스템 분야에서는 OpenGIS Consortium(OGC)을 주축으로 하여 개방형 컴포넌트 지리정보시스템을 위한 표준 구현 사양을 발표하고 있으며, 이러한 표준 사양을 수용한 제품들이 개발되고 있는 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 분산 환경에서 다양한 관계형 데이터베이스시스템을 이용하여 OGC가 제시한 OLE/COM 기반의 데이터 제공자 컴포넌트의 설계 및 구현에 중점을 두고 있다. 본 시스템의 데이터 제공자 컴포넌트는 순수한 관계형 데이터베이스시스템 기반 위에서 구성되므로, 우선 OGC에서 요구하는 GIS 관련 핵심 기능들을 제공하기 위해서 우선 관계형 데이터베이스와 ODBC를 이용하여 공간엔진을 구성하고 있다. 본 공간 엔진은 OGC 사양을 충족하기 위해서 이용되는 최소한의 기능-공간데이터 관리 기능, 공간 연산 처리, 공간 색인 기능 그리고 클라이언트와 통신하기 위한 기능-들을 포함하고 있다. 그러므로 본 논문에서는 이러한 공간 엔진의 기반 위에서 OGC OLE DB 제공자 컴포넌트의 설계 및 구현 방법에 대해서 자세히 살펴보고 실제 SQL Server 7.0 환경에서 구축된 공간 엔진 및 OLE DB 제공자 컴포넌트의 구현 예에 대하여 살펴볼 것이다. 혈액내방사선 조사량이 안전용량 범위(200rad)에 속하며 48시간 후 체내잔류량은 서양인과 큰 차이가 없었다.비출현의 소견을 보이는 악성종양 환자의 골 신티그람 53개중 44개 (83.0%)에서 척추 및 늑골에 미만성, 또는 다발성 침습이 관찰되었다. 또 골전이 부위를 두개골, 척추, 견대부, 늑골, 골반, 사지의 근위부 장골의 6개 부위로 나누어 분석할 경우 49개(92.5%)에서 3부위 이상에 전이가 발견되었고, 35개(66.0%)에서 4부위 이상에 전이가 발견되었으며, 5부위 이상, 6개 부위에 모두 전이가 발견된 것은 각각 20개 (37 7%), 11개(20.8%)이었다. 이상의 성적으로 보아 악성종양 환자의 골 신피그라피에서 신장 영상의 비출현은 종양의 광범위한 골전이를 간접적으로 시사하는 소견으로 생각된다. 여러 악성종양중 전립선암에서 신장 영상 비출현의 빈도가 가장 높았으며, 특히 위암에서 골전이 및 신장 영상 비출현의 빈도가 높음은 주목할 만한 것이라 하겠다.출한 결과 인,규소 증가와 자가영양성 미소플랑크톤(ANP)증가에 미치는 요인이 해안과 외해에서 동일하게 가장 큰 설명력을 보였다. N:P 비도 해안에서 36.4, 외해에서 32.6을 보이고 있어 인이 상당히 부족한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 조사해역은 인이 식물플랑크톤 성장에 중요한 제한요인으로 작용하고 있다고 판단된다.의 회전. 전위력의 강도, 적용시점, 그리고 키, 체중등의 신체적 요인 등이 있으나 능숙한 기계사용과 정확한 슬관절 위치에서 검사할 때 전방 십자 인대 파열에 대한 진단에 유용한 기구이다.태라고 하였다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 근거를 바탕으로 개방형 문제의 유형을 다양한 답이 존재하는 문제, 다양한 해결 전략이 가능한 문제, 답이 없는 문제, 문제 만들기, 일반화가 가능한 문제 등으로 보고, 수학적 창의성 중

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.163-168
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• 2011

Tiger barb (Puntius tetrazona Bleeker, 1855) is a teleost belonging to Cyprinidae. The oogenesis of tiger barb was investigated by light microscope. The ovary was of white and ellipsoidal shape with the major axis 2 cm and the minor axis 1 cm. Cytoplasm of oogonia was basophilic and many nucleoli were located at inside of nuclear membrane. In early stage of primary oocyte, yolk vesicles were distributed only in the marginal area. In secondary oocyte, the egg envelope was formed and yolk vesicles was formed in the cytoplasm. The basophilic substance of cytoplasm was changed to acidic. In case of matured egg, thickness of egg envelope and size of egg were increased. The yolk vesicles were changed to yolk mass in accordance with development. Also, there is not the formation of oil droplets in cytoplasm. In conclusion, the oogenesis of tiger barb was characterized by the increase in cell size, the formation of yolk, the decrease of basophilic substance in the cytoplasm, and formation of yolk mass.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.1-11
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• 2015

Recently, NAND flash memories are used for storage devices because of fast access speed and low-power. However, applications of FTL on low power computing devices lead to heavy workloads which result in a memory requirement and an implementation overhead. Consequently, studies of B+-Tree on embedded devices without the FTL have been proposed. The studies of B+-Tree are optimized for performance of inserting and updating records, considering to disadvantages of the NAND flash memory that it can not support in-place update. However, if a general garbage collection method is applied to the previous studies of B+-Tree, a performance of the B+-Tree is reduced, because it generates a rearrangement of the B+-Tree by changing of page positions on the NAND flash memory. Therefor, we propose a novel garbage collection method which can apply to the B+-Tree based on the NAND flash memory without the FTL. The proposed garbage collection method does not generate a rearrangement of the B+-Tree by using a block information table and a proxy block. We implemented the B+-Tree and ${\mu}$-Tree with the proposed garbage collection on physical devices with the NAND flash memory. In experiment results, the proposed garbage collection scheme compared to greedy algorithm garbage collection scheme increased the number of inserted keys by up to about 73% on B+-Tree and decreased elapsed time of garbage collection by up to about 39% on ${\mu}$-Tree.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.30-48
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• 2002

Phenocrysts with rapakivi texture are easily observed in Bangeojin granite. The rapakivi texture is composed of inner pinkish alkali feldspars and white-colored mantling plagioclase. The Bangeojin granite distinctively includes lots of mafic microgranular enclaves and can be divided into five rock facies: (1) enclave-poor granite (EPG); (2) enclave-rich granite (ERG); (3) mafic microgranular enclave (MME); (4) hybrid zone between mafic microgranular enclave and granite (HZ); (5) hybrid zone-like enclaves (HLE). The rapakivi textures are observed in these five rock facies with no difference in shape and size. Plagioclase mantle commonly shows dendritic texture that is an important indicator to know the rapakivi genesis. The mantling texture would indicate supercooling condition during magma solidification process. In addition, mafic microgranular enclaves would imply the magma mingling environment. The magma mixing process had possibly caused the mantling texture. An abundance of rapakivi phenocrysts in HZ and the influxing phenomenon of the phenocrysts into MME support that there were physical chemical exchanges during the mingling. And this model of the magma mixing/mingling explain well the heterogeneous distribution of the rapakivi phenocrysts in the five rock facies. Therefore the rapakivi textures in the Bangeojin granite would have been formed by magma mixing process.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.848-858
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• 2016

This study was conducted to determine the $F_0$-values of a retort machine at different locations and to evaluate the effects of these $F_0$-values on various quality characteristics of retorted Samgyetang samples. Samples were divided into three groups based on $F_0$-values-T1, 10~20; T2, 20~30; T3, >30. Mineral content in Samgyetang broth and breast meat mostly increased with increasing $F_0$-values. In general, the free amino acid values, hardness, and springiness, except for bone springiness, of Samgyetang decreased significantly at higher $F_0$-values. Protein content of meat and broth of the treated samples were significantly lower than that of the control. An increase in the digestion rate of meat and porridge, as well as the turbidity of the broth was observed in most of the treated samples with increasing $F_0$-values. With increasing $F_0$-values, the $L^*$ and $b^*$ values of meat and the $b^*$ values of broth tended to increase, while the $a^*$ value of broth increased significantly. Electronic nose analysis revealed different flavor patterns for samples treated at different $F_0$-values. For sensory traits, samples treated with higher $F_0$-values tended to receive lower evaluations. Particularly, the color and texture of T3 samples were lower than those of T1 and T2 samples. In conclusion, to improve the quality of Samgyetang, the efficiency and optimization of retort machines as well as the standardization of sterilization techniques are needed.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.250-257
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• 2011

This experiment present the automatic detection algorithm of gastric cancer that take second place among all cancers. If an inflammation and a cancer are not examined carefully, early ones have difficulty in being diagnosed as illnesses than advanced ones. For diagnosis of gastric cancer, and progressing cancer in this study, present 4 algorithm. research team extracted an abnormal part in stomach through the endoscope image. At first, decide to use shading technique or not in each endoscope image for study. it make easy distinguish to whether tumor is existing or not by putting shading technique in or eliminate it by the color. Second. By passing image subjoin shading technique to erosion filter, eliminate noise and make give attention to diagnose. Third. Analyzing out a line and fillet graph from image adding surface shade and detect RED value according to degree of symptoms. Fourth. By suggesting this algorithm, that making each patient's endscope image into subdivision graph including RED graph value, afterward revers the color, revealing the position of tumor, this study desire to help to diagnosing gastric, other cancer and inflammation.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.18D no.3
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• pp.157-168
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• 2011

Recently flash memory has been being utilized as a main storage device in mobile devices, and flashSSDs are getting popularity as a major storage device in laptop and desktop computers, and even in enterprise-level server machines. Unlike HDDs, on flash memory, the overwrite operation is not able to be performed unless it is preceded by the erase operation to the same block. To address this, FTL(Flash memory Translation Layer) is employed on flash memory. Even though the modified data block is overwritten to the same logical address, FTL writes the updated data block to the different physical address from the previous one, mapping the logical address to the new physical address. This enables flash memory to avoid the high block-erase cost. A flashSSD has an array of NAND flash memory packages so it can access one or more flash memory packages in parallel at once. To take advantage of the internal parallelism of flashSSDs, it is beneficial for DBMSs to request I/O operations on sequential logical addresses. However, the B-tree structure, which is a representative index scheme of current relational DBMSs, produces excessive I/O operations in random order when its node structures are updated. Therefore, the original b-tree is not favorable to SSD. In this paper, we propose AS(Always Sequential) B-tree that writes the updated node contiguously to the previously written node in the logical address for every update operation. In the experiments, AS B-tree enhanced 21% of B-tree's insertion performance.