• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.273-287
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• 2015

This study aimed to investigate the impact of the epidemic disease including Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS) on the usage of public libraries. Such disease yields anxiety throughout the nation and discourages social activities in general. 18,711,453 records from 303 public libraries were examined with "big data retrieval & analysis platform for public libraries" located in Sejong National Library. The results are as follows. First, in 2015, when MERS was prevalent, the daily mean of books checked out was 64,645.05, showing decrease of 6,300 per day compared to that of 2014. Second, in 2014, the daily mean of books checked out from July 5th to August 19th was greater than that of from April 4th to May 19th and that of from May 20th to July 4th, implying the impact of summer vacation on the increase in books checked out in public libraries. Third, in 2015, the daily mean of books checked out from July 5th was greater than during MERS outbreak(from May 20th to July 4th), while it did not show statistically significant difference with that of before the outbreak. Fourth, the daily mean of books checked out did not show statistically significant difference between 2014 and 2015 before and during the outbreak, while it showed statistically significant difference between 2014 and 2015 after the epidemic period. The results indicate that MERS and the anxiety it brought nationwide had an impact on the daily mean of books checked out in public libraries after the epidemic period rather than during the outbreak.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.201-207
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• 2019

Temperature is one of the most important criteria considered in species preference for aquaculture. Acute drop in temperature during winter is a cause of disease and mass mortality in farmed fish. This study was carried out the low water temperature tolerance, oxygen consumption, hematologic and histological responses to use as basic data for the management of fish farming which frequently cause death due to winter water temperature drop. Low-lethal water temperature for 4 days of file fish Thamnaconus modestus (4day-LT₅₀) was 6.97℃ (6.69~7.27℃). Oxygen consumption rate decreased with decreasing water temperature, showing a significant difference between water temperatures. SOD activity increased significantly at 6℃ experimental group than control group (10℃) (p<0.05), but CAT did not show any significant difference between experimental temperatures (p>0.05). Cortisol increased with decreasing experimental water temperature compared to control group. Histological changes in the liver include decreased blood vessels in the blood vessels, proliferation of acid cells, condensation of the nucleus, atrophy of pancreatic exocrine gland cells, and enzyme source granules.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.1-32
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• 2008

This study examines the changes and determinants of cash to assets ratios(cash ratios) by analyzing 14,016 Korean manufacturing firms sample for the period of $1999{\sim}2004$. The major findings can be summarized as follows. First, the average cash ratios for Korean manufacturing firms have increased from 4.7 percent of 1999 to 5.2 percent of 2004. In addition, the average cash holdings per firm also have increased from 4.3 billion Won to 8.0 billion Won during the same period. However, the capital expenditures relative to cash ratios or operating cash flow have decreased significantly, confirming the notion that physical investment of Korean manufacturing sector has been shrinking recently. Second, in regression tests with panel data, the coefficients of target adjustment variables show the expected negative signs, but coefficients of the deficit of fund variables show the unexpected positive signs. Thus, the evidence seems to be supportive of static tradeoff model of cash holdings. Third, in regression tests to find the determinants of cash ratios, most of the variables show similar results as the previous studies. However, in terms of adjusted coefficient of determination and F-statistic, the firm-characteristic variables suggested by static trade-off theory have more explanatory power than the variables suggested by pecking order theory.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.377-384
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• 2008

The gamma irradiation process was performed to prolong a shelf-life of peaches and the effects of a gamma irradiation on the nutritional, physiochemical and sensory characteristics of peaches were evaluated during a post-irradiation storage at $4^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$. Nutritional, physiochemical and sensory characteristics of peaches were stable at 1 kGy of an irradiation, a recommended dose for fruits and vegetables by CODEX, and the viable cell counts of contaminated microorganisms were reduced by 2 decimal reduction, at this dose. After a 1-week storage at ambient condition, the microbiological quality of the 1 kGy irradiated peach was stable, while all the non-irradiated peaches were deteriorated Furthermore, cold storage enhanced the shelf-life of the gamma irradiated peach and the nutritional and physiochemical characteristics of the peaches were comparatively stable up to 6 weeks. Right after gamma irradiation, the sensory evaluation results were not different in any of the samples, and the sensory quality of the irradiated peaches was adequate for a 4-week storage at $4^{\circ}C$. Our results suggested that gamma irradiation at 1 kGy can be used to enhance the shelf-life of peach without a significant loss in the quality attributes, especially upon cold storage after radiation treatment.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.195-201
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• 2020

COVID-19 is hitting the world. In order to bring about new ways of innovation in the space sector, we need to analyze changes in the space sector and design new challenge strategies. COVID-19 exposes inherent vulnerabilities in the space sector. In particular, COVID-19 is causing supply chain shocks in the space industry, resulting in delays in the supply of systems, subsystems and parts due to a complete or partial interruption of a manufacturing unit. As the overall impact of New Normal on the industry is overall, we continue to look at it in the space sector. COVID is causing supply chain shock in the space industry. It causes a delay in the supply of systems, subsystems and parts due to a complete or partial interruption of a manufacturing unit. In the supply of launch services, the launch schedule is being delayed, but the main launch is still taking place. Demand for major applications such as environmental monitoring is soaring in the earth observation utilization sector. Analyzing the impact on manufacturing, the vendor-based contraction is bringing delays in the supply of systems, subsystems and components, and launch service providers are trying to minimize delays in the launch schedule.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.230-236
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• 1996

Pot experiment in greenhouse was conducted to determine the effect of growth and anatomical characteristics of bensulfuron on the seedlings of rice and barnyardgrass. Formulated bensulfuron was soil applied at 102g ai/ha to rice and barnyardgrass grown under various cropping patterns at 5 days after seeding or transplanting. At 10 days after application, plants were harvested to examine growth and anatomical changes of rice and barnyardgrass. Bensulfuron did not affect the growth and development of rites under dry seeded condition and trnsplanting condition while inhibited severely those of rice under water-seeded condition compared with untreated control. Under water-seeded condition, root growth of rice was much more severely inhibited by bensulfuron than shoot growth. The herbicide retarded the growth of barnyardgrass under dry-seeded condition and more severely inhibited than that under water-seeded condition. Microscopically, the anatomical change induced by bensulfuron occurred only in barnyardgrass under dry-seeded condition, and involved constriction of leaf primordia within leaf sheaths, rupture of mesophyll cell, and irregular cell arrangement. These anatomical alterations differed from and were not associated with the differential growth response.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.138-160
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• 2009

The urban housing market in Korea, especially in Seoul and the Capital region, has been revitalized with massive urban (re)developments and expanding real estate finance after the IMF crisis. This brought about a boom of housing price during the mid-2000s, which has been virtually stabilized by strong regulation policies of the previous government. But with impacts of the recent international financial crisis together with some inherent problems, the housing market of Korea faces with a worry of collapse in relation with the financial market volatility and the serious depression of real economy, and hence the current government attempts to implement strong deregulation policies on the housing market. In this paper it is argued that this kind of volatility of urban housing market seems to be caused by strategies of capital which involve continuous massive urban (re)development, residential segregation and appropriation of monopoly rent(or capital gain), and fictitious capitalization of real estates and integration of real estate market and financial market. In these reasons, the current tendency of urban housing price shows a slow downward, which seems to give the current neoliberal government a rationale for deregulation policies to prevent the downward tendency. But this paper suggests that such a slow downward of housing price shift would have positive effects on the housing market in particular and social and economic situations in general, and hence an alternative housing policy is required to realize such positive effects.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.142-145
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• 2013

Equine motor neuron disease (EMND) is a spontaneous neurologic disorder of horses, which results from the degeneration of motor neurons in the spinal cord and brain stem. An 8-year-old Jeju pony gelding presented with weight loss, muscle tremors, frequent recumbence, low head carriage, sweating, and standing with four limbs close together. The gelding has been on the same stable and limited access to pasture for several years. The gelding has been fed with dried hays and commercial concentrated feeds. Laboratory test revealed very low serum vitamin E level (0.14 ${\mu}g/mL$; reference range > 1.5 ${\mu}g/mL$), mildly elevated creatine kinase (402 IU/L; reference range 119-287 IU/L) and aspartate aminotransferase (876 IU/L; reference range 226-336 IU/L). Oral glucose absorption test showed decreased glucose absorption. Histopathologic examination using a biopsy specimen from sacrocaudalis dorsalis medialis muscle revealed atrophic and hypertrophic muscle fiber, centralization of nucleus, degenerating and necrotic muscle fibers. Taken together, the gelding was diagnosed as EMND. After oral vitamin E administrated for 5 weeks, the gelding showed normally improved stance, decreased periods of recumbency, improved head carriage and weight gain except consistent tremors. This is the first report that successfully treated EMND case occurred in a Jeju pony in Korea.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.115-118
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• 2013

An 8-year-old spayed female domestic shorthair cat was presented with a chief complaint of chronic nasal discharge and dyspnea. Physical examination revealed pyohemorrhagic nasal discharge, inspiratory dyspnea and stertor, and an enlarged right mandibular lymph node. Abnormalities of blood works and serum chemistry included mildly increased hematocrit, and globulin concentration. Serologic tests for FeLV and FIV, and a panel of polymerase chain reaction tests for Chlamydophila felis, Feline Calicivirus, Herpesvirus, Bordetella, Mycoplasma felis, and H1N1 influenza was all negative. Only radiographic finding showed increasing soft tissue density in the right nasal cavity and computed tomography disclosed soft tissue/fluid opacification in the right nasal cavity, paranasal sinus, and pharyinx along with slight deviation to the right of the osseous nasal septum. Focal lysis of ventral nasal septum was also suspected in CT scan. Cytological evaluation of fine needle aspirate smears of the enlarged mandibular lymph nodes revealed numerous fungal yeasts having variably thick capsule both extracellularly and intracellularly with low numbers of macrophages. Some yeasts showed narrow based budding, which was a consistent finding with Cryptococcus organisms. Serum protein electrophoresis was a polyclonal consistent with chronic infection and serum was submitted for a fungal serology panel test. In serologic tests Cryptococcus antigen titer was 1 : 32,768. In vitro culture was unsuccessful. Treatment was initiated with administration of fluconazole, clindamycin, and tocopherol. Clinical signs resolved within 3 days after the initial treatment. The cat was discharged and scheduled for periodic evaluation and continued therapy, but was lost to follow-up thereafter.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.57
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• pp.437-466
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• 2014

This paper, is in the focus of the fact that was popular in the Joseon Dynasty, was clearly private background and fashionable aspects of its creation. In Section 2, as the background of the epidemic of of the Joseon Dynasty, and was derived creative situation of . is the "left Order live music" relationship center rather, was that it was created by the Academy belongs is highlighted "Hanlin year". As a result, collapses the relationship between the order raw Korea early left, in conjunction with the boast to debauchery and evaluated surface Shinyoung of successor Geibun of this academy, be epidemic in the Joseon Dynasty it is the could be. In Chapter 3, and two to the original, it was examined the epidemic surface of of the Joseon Dynasty. The epidemic of surface, in the conventional research and are relatively detailed, but in this paper, while accommodating the existing research results, of consideration "Hanlim feast" has led to Geibun of Korea "immune new Feast" was observed a trend surface is placed around the fact. As a result, , the Joseon is that it has been singing on the occasion official four-kan and Geibun center, first Nara are exempt new feast bonds back to the four Hall again in Geibun, usually it can be seen that it is spread in the Scholar-official and gisaeng's. Lower limit has been singing can be up to around the late 17th century it has been speculated through the time of Gimumanjun.