• 한국노년학
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.1213-1225
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to determine psychosocial variables of exercise behaviors for old adults. A major research problem identified through theory of planned behavior and it's empirical data: Do cognitive-social variables(health risk perception, self-efficacy, group conformity, exercise attitude) significantly mediate exercise behaviors(intention, action, maintenance)? A total of 453 older adults above 65 years(171 males and 282 females) who were enrolled in various classes were randomly selected at adults centers in Seoul. Participants completed a battery of questionnaires including the psycho-social variables(health risk perception, self-efficacy, group conformity, exercise attitude) and exercise behaviors(intention, action, maintenance). The results of statistical procedures(e.g., hierarchical multiple regression) indicated self-efficacy and exercise attitude significantly predicted exercise intentions of older adults. Exercise intention was a significant predictor of action, and action was a significant predictor of exercise maintenance. In discussion, various psycho-social mechanisms were provided to interpret the results of this study, and future directions were suggested.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2016.04a
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• pp.84-87
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• 2016

본 연구의 목적은 창업자의 성별에 따라 투자에 미치는 영향이 달라지는지를 확인하고, 또한 이 과정에서 창업자의 사회적 자본이 조절효과로 작용하는지를 분석하기 위해 시도하였다. 본 연구의 가설은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 창업자의 성별은 창업투자에 영향을 미칠 것이다. 둘째, 창업자의 성별과 창업투자의 관계는 창업자의 사회적 자본에 의해 조절될 것이다. 본 연구의 목적을 실증적으로 검증하기 위해 ICT 분야의 동일한 사업계획서에 창업자의 성별 및 사회적 자본만을 다르게 표기하여 창업전문가 집단인 4개의 국책 창업대학원생 및 스타트업 지원경험이 있는 창업유관기관 직원을 대상으로 실험형식의 설문조사를 실시하여 160명의 설문결과를 취합하고, 위계적 회귀분석 연구방법을 이용하여 연구결과를 분석하려고 한다.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.4-29
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• 2015

This article considered generally gradational change aspect, character of community for the tombs of the Three kingdoms prepared by some certain homogenous groups. It was completed by tracing the transfering process to grasp character of social structure and organizing System in the community. For this reason, it's analyzed that Wooden chamber tomb was formed in some certain Time-Space of the Yaksadong Buk-dong archaeological site in the Three Kingdom Period. Constructed group was distinguished by the five classes. So perhaps scale of Wooden chamber and sort, material of burial relics, the top layer and the upper layer were established two status those are active the ruling class led the Wooden chamber tomb's society, the general public hold a large majority from the middle class to the lowest class. And it depends on age(nonage-adult) that differed in relation of arrangement, character. It's changed with function or roles, property, purpose etc. of social community in accordance with these individual position, age. Received signification, value of social status were considered with social worth, faith. Members in a community had been conducted under premeditated, organised system for common target, relatedness. Also it seems to attempt organization's own maintenance, persistiveness in norms that given at common law. To do that, relation for combination between members who consisted systems had to be organic. The relation for combination was considered to form relation for the much larger community in based on blood relationship that most vital part. One social structure had established family(house, household) community in based on individual blood relationship, family communities gather up to develop into relative(blood relative, same race) community gradually. Furthermore, relative(blood relative, same race) communities, that focus on the public good gather up to develop into social community in based on regionalism. It's considered to go through the Development Process of family(house, household) community - relative(blood relative, same race) community - social community.

• 한국노년학
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.441-458
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• 2009

The present study compared the differences in mechanisms of caregiving stress, depression, parenting behaviors, stress-coping, and social support between caregiving grandmothers and the caregiving mothers. Three caregiving groups were compared; One hundred and fifty-two grandmothers rearing their grandchild as daytime care-giver (partial caregiving-grandmother group), 152 mothers who shared the responsibilities of caregiving the same child (partial caregiving-mother group), and another 157 mothers who rear their child as daytime care-giver (primary caregiving-mother group). Predictors of parental stress for these caregiving groups were also assessed. The results indicated that partial caregiving-grandmother group had more depressed than two mother groups, but there were no differences in parental stress among three caregiving groups. In addition, primary caregiving-mothers used more problem-focused coping strategies, and more social support than did partial caregiving-grandmothers. In parental behaviors, partial caregiving-grandmothers significantly had more laxness, less overactive than two mother groups. In the analysis of hierarchical regression, overactivity and depression were significant predictors of parental stress in partial caregiving-grandmothers. On the other hand, depression, social support, and overactivity were significant predictors of parental stress in partial caregiving-mothers. In primary caregiving-mothers, overactivity, depression, and emotion-focused coping were significant predictors of parental stress. We discussed the differences of the predictors in parental stress between grandmothers and mothers.

• 한국노년학
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.197-216
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• 2020

This study aimed to suggest leisure activities and policy-level support in the light of the characteristics and needs among the elderly by examining constraint factors of leisure activities among the elderly. Data of 3887 elderly with the age of 65 and above with economic burden and health problems from the 6th Korean Retirement and Income study were used for the statistical analyses. Hierarchical linear models were tested by entering factors stepswise; demographic factors(age, gender, marriage status, single household, region, living expenses, health status) in the first step, leisure factors(leisure time, leisure motivation) in the second step, and lastly leisure activity factors(desired leisure activities, undesired leisure activities) in the third step. The results were as follows: First, major factors that constrict leisure activities of the elderly were financial burden and health problems. Second, there were significant differences among three(financial constraint, health constraint, and financial and health constraint) groups. Financial constraint group was the highest in the level of leisure satisfaction but leisure time was the shortest. The major reason to do leisure activities of the financial constraint group was to keep relationships with families and friends. In terms of desired leisure activities, health constraint group wanted resting, financial constraint group wanted hobbies and entertainment, and the financial-and-health constraint group wanted social activities. Third, financial constraint group demonstrated higher levels of leisure activity satisfaction when they wanted to take care of pets or gardens; however, they showed lower levels of leisure activity satisfaction when they wanted to domestic trips for desired leisure activities. In case of health constraint group, they demonstrated lower levels of leisure activity satisfaction whether or not they wanted resting like watching TV or listening to the radio. And, the showed higher levels of leisure activity satisfaction when they wanted social activities such as participation in religion or social gathering organizations. For the financial-and-health constraint group, whereas they showed lower levels of leisure activity satisfaction when they wanted walking around or watching TV, and domestic trips for desired leisure activities, they demonstrated higher levels of leisure activity satisfaction when they wanted entertainment doing the game of go, or chess, and hobbies like hiking and social activities. Practice and policy level suggestions to offer leisure activities that meet the needs of the elderly were made based on the study results.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.157-178
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• 2007

This study examines the features of Korean kinship relationships from the comparative perspectives. Based on ISSP (international Social survey program) data, it analyzes the degree of kinship contact and the source of instrumental and emotional social supports. The results show that the contact frequency among Korean kin is relatively low, and the instrumental social supports are more active than emotional social supports. Focusing on the fact that the lower contact frequency among Korean kin cannot be easily explained either the degree of Economic development nor the familism tradition, this study suggests that the hierarchical collectivism inhered in confucian tradition is responsible for the sparse kinship contact. Regarding social supports, results confirm the strong instrumental familism among Koreans. The relationship between hierarchical collectivism and lower emotional support from kin is also discussed. In addition, this study notes that lower extent of emotional support among kin cannot be identified with lower social solidarity among them.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.497-507
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this article was to evaluate the health related quality of life (HRQoL) of cancer survivors and to identify its predictors according to gender. Methods: The research was conducted with the data for 203 (cancer survivors?) taken from the 6th wave of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the EQ-5D index score was used for the measurement of the health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The independent variables inluded socio-demographic data, health related factors (survival duration, disability, subjective health recognition), and psychosocial factors (stress, unmet medical needs). The data were analyzed by the t-test, ANOVA, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. Results: the HRQoL of the female cancer survivors was significantly worse than that of the males in terms of their mobility, usual activities, pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression quality of life. The only statistically significant factor affecting the HRQoL of the male cancer survivors was their subjective health recognition. In the case of the female cancer survivors, the statistically significant factors were their age, subjective health recognition and unmet medical needs. Conclusions: the results of this study showed a different pattern of predictors according to the gender of the cancer survivors. Therefore, gender should be considered when assessing and addressing the individual care needs of cancer survivors, in order to obtain optimal treatment outcomes.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.193-217
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• 2005

Due to the increasing concerns with the North Korean defectors, the researches have been increased. When it is compared with other areas, the researches about the North Korean defectors are rare. The sample size of this study is 164, which makes it possible to do statistical inferences. As statistical methods, t-test, ANOVA and hierarchical multiple regressions are used. This study examines the effect of the adjustment stress and the social support on the depressive symptoms. Demographic factors such as gender, age and education are controlled. The context factors-the period of the stay in the third place, the period of residence and the existence of the education in Korea- are used as control variables. The research results show that the level of social participation of the women is higher than that of men. Also, there are differences of the functional social support by the age group. The research result indicates the education of South Korea is an important factor to reduce the depressive symptoms. The research result also shows that the jobless is an important stressor. Among structural social support, the member of religious or social group is an important factor for reducing depressive symptoms. Among functional social support, the emotional social support is an important factor of adaptation, but the effect of instrumental social support is the opposite. Therefore, the adequacy of social support in a specific situation must be considered.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.61 no.1
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• pp.5-32
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of organizational culture types (rational culture, developmental culture, group culture, and hierarchical culture) on Community-Centered Social Inclusion Orientation(COSI) among social service organizations for people with disabilities. More specifically, this study developed and empirically tested two theoretical models where each of organizational culture types were hypothesized to affect COSI either directly or indirectly through market orientation. For data collection, self-administered type questionnaires were mailed to 416 social service organizations for people with disabilities across the nation and 293 responded (response rate: 70.4%) from June 1 to September 22, 2006. For analysis, however, only 263 respondents were used, excluding Independent living centers due to their small size and short history. Structural Equation Modeling was employed for analysis and Full Information Maximum Likelihood was used for estimation. Findings indicated that market orientation had a significant effect on COSI. In addition, developmental culture and hierarchical culture were found to affect COSI directly while rational culture and group culture were found to affect COSI indirectly through market orientation. These findings imply that market orientation needs to be emphasized as a strategy in order to enhance social inclusion orientation for those organizations. Given that all the four types of organizational culture have direct or indirect impacts on COSI, those organizations are also advised to develop the four types of organizational culture harmoniously rather than one single type of organizational culture.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.68 no.3
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• pp.127-147
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of 10-year psychosocial rehabilitation services provided by a psychosocial rehabilitation center on the quality of life for the mentally ill. The data were collected from a psychosocial rehabilitation center located in Daegu metropolitan area using a quasi-experimental study design. The experimental group consisted of 23 mentally ill subjects and the comparison group consisted of 23 mentally ill subjects that did not use the mental health services voluntarily. The quality of life were measured at baseline and every year over 10-year period. The collected data were analyzed using Hierarchical Linear Modeling(HLM). The findings of this study were as follows: First, it was found that the psychosocial rehabilitation services were effective increasing experimental group's quality of life outcomes. Second, the analyses indicated that the psychosocial rehabilitation services' effectiveness could be maintained at least 10 years indicating that the services had a long-term positive impact on the mentally ill. Third, it was revealed that the experimental group's quality of life outcomes improved over time showing a curvelinear shape rather than showing a linear pattern. The psychosocial rehabilitation services provided by a psychosocial rehabilitation center were positively affected the quality of life as well as maintained at least 10 years for the mentally ill. Finally, the implications and limitations of these findings were discussed.