• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.118-126
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• 2014

A survey was conducted on perceptions, knowledge, and attitudes of elementary, middle, and high school students, who will lead public opinion in the future, regarding irradiated food, nuclear power generation, and medical radiation. These topics urgently require general social acceptability among various fields in which radiation is used. Educational methods to enhance social acceptability were partially discovered. First, it is necessary to implement different strategies when designing courses for female and male students. Male students have higher levels of objective knowledge (p<0.039) of irradiated food, necessity (p<0.001) and objective knowledge (p<0.001) of nuclear power generation, approval of building a nuclear power plant in the nation (p<0.001), necessity (p<0.001) and objective knowledge (p<0.001) of medical radiation, and attitudes regarding using medical radiation (p<0.007, p<0.001). Second, the educational effect of explanations to help increase national understanding of the necessity and safety of nuclear power generation will increase if information on the necessity and safety of medical radiation is provided as well. Both male and female students perceived that medical radiation is the most necessary (p<0.001), medical radiation is the safest (p<0.001), and nuclear power generation is the least safe (p<0.013). Moreover, the correlation between medical radiation and nuclear power generation was the highest. Third, there is a need for different lectures between classes, since the patterns of perception vary according to the field of radiation use among elementary, middle, and high school students. Elementary school students had high interest in education on nuclear power generation (p<0.005), perceived that irradiated food is safe (p<0.001), and had the most positive attitude toward consuming irradiated food (p<0.001). Middle school students had high interest in education on nuclear power generation (p<0.018), perceived that nuclear power generation (p<0.001) and medical radiation (p<0.002) are safe, and had the most positive attitude toward using radiation for treatment (p<0.001). High school students had the highest level of objective knowledge on nuclear power generation (p<0.001) and medical radiation (p<0.001), and perceived that medical radiation is the most necessary (p<0.017); however, they perceived that nuclear power generation is the least safe (p<0.001). Attitudes toward irradiated food intake (p<0.001) and approving construction of a nuclear power plant in their neighborhood (p<0.001) were both low. Fourth, it is necessary to provide educational programs to change perceptions and improve attitudes rather than providing education focused on objective knowledge. There was no correlation between objective knowledge and necessity of irradiated food, objective knowledge and safety and interest in education on nuclear power generation, and objective knowledge and interest in education and information acquirement regarding medical radiation. In particular, high school students had the highest level of objective knowledge and yet had the least positive attitudes toward approving construction of nuclear power plants in their neighborhood and intake of irradiated food. Therefore, to increase the social acceptability of using nuclear energy and radiation in Korea, it is desirable to provide strategic educational programs to improve perceptions, knowledge, and attitudes regarding the necessity and safety of their use.

• Nuclear industry
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• no.1112 s.10
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• pp.52-55
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• 1982

$\lceil$원자방사선의 영향에 관한 UN과학위원회$\rfloor$ (UNSCEAR)는 최근 1982년 보고서를 정리했다. UN과학위원회의 보고서는 환경중의 방사성물질수준, 방사선의 신체적${\cdot}$유전적 영향 및 방사선의 위험도에 관한 가장 포괄적인 보고서로 평가받고 있다. 이번 보고서는 77년이 보고서이후 5년만에 나온 것으로서 최신 데이터를 수록하고 있다.

• Nuclear industry
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• v.5 no.7 s.29
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• pp.18-21
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• 1985

1930년이래 원자로나 입자가속기를 이용하여 여러 종류의 방사성동위원소(Radioisotope, RI)를 인공적으로 생산하게 됨에 따라 1960년대부터는 인공 RI를 여러 분야에서 이용하게 되었고, 우리나라에서도 상당량의 RI 및 그 표식화합물들을 생산 또는 수입하여 이용함으로써 우리 생활과 밀접한 관계를 갖게 되었다. 더구나 천연자원이 부족한 우리나라는 원자력발전을 통하여 그 돌파구를 찾지 않을 수 없게 됨에 따라 원자력은 우리 앞에 성큼 다가왔고 여러가지 RI 및 방사선에 대한 관심도 높아졌다. 즉, 우리는 이제 원자력시대에 살고 있어 이와 관련한 기본지식을 외면하는 것은 곧 현실을 외면하는 것이 되었다. 최첨단 거대과학, 그 한쪽 분야를 살펴 보기로 하자.

• Journal of Radiation Industry
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.377-382
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• 2011

Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) is an interesting material with good biocompatibility, high elasticity and hydrophilic chacrateristics. In this study, crosslinked hydrogels based on PVA, and poly(acrylic acid) (PAAc) were prepared by gamma-ray irradiation. PVA and PAAc powders were dissolved in deionized water, and then irradiated by a gamma-ray with a radiation dose of 50 kGy to make hydrogels. The hydrogels were then annealed in an oven at $120^{\circ}C$ for 10 min, 30 min and 50 min under nitrogen atmosphere. The properties of a hydrogel such as gel fraction, swelling behavior, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and adhesive strength as a function of PAAc content and annealing time were investigated. The gel fraction decreases with decreasing PAAc content and increasing annealing time. The thermal behaviors have shown different patterns according to the annealing time. The adhesive strength increases with increasing PAAc content.

• Nuclear industry
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• v.19 no.12 s.202
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• pp.78-92
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• 1999

국제원자력기구(International Atomic Energy Agency, IAEA) 는 80년대 초반부터 전세계적인 원자력 안전 분야 주요 활동을 분석$\cdot$정리하여 배포하고 있다. 1990년대 중반부터 현재와 같은 체제로 작성$\cdot$배포 되기 시작한 $\ulcorner$원자력 안전(Nuclear Safety Review)$\lrcorner$ 은 전세계적인 원자력 안전 동향, 주요 행사 및 현안사항, IAEA 및 회원국들의 주요 안전 관련 활동, 주요 안전 관련 사항에 대한 전망 등으로 구성되어 있으며, 통상 차기 연도 3월 및 6월 IAEA 이사회에서 내용을 검토$\cdot$확정하여 9월 말의 IAEA 정기 총회 기간중에 회원국들에게 배포되고 있다. $\ulcorner$ 원자력 안전 1998$\lrcorner$은 4개의 장으로 구성되어 있다. 1장은 국제적으로 중요하고 장기적인 영향력을 가진 사건 및 현안 사항, 2장은 원자력$\cdot$방사선$\cdot$폐기물 안전 분야에서 수행된 IAEA활동, 3장은 회원국에서의 원자력$\cdot$방사선$\cdot$폐기물 안전 분야 주요 활동 및 정보, 4장은 앞으로의 주요 사건 및 안전 관련 현안 사항에 대한 전망을 기술하고 있다.

• Nuclear industry
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.6-15
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• 2016

우리나라가 급속한 성장을 이루는 과정에서 원자력은 이를 뒷받침하며 함께 성장해 왔다. 그러나 그 과정에서 안전보다 성과를 강조하다보니 안전을 경시하는 비정상적 환경이 조성되었다. 그 결과 숨겨져 있던 과거의 원전 비리가 수면 위에 드러났고, 같은 시기에 후쿠시마 사고로 인한 오염수 유출과 전력난까지 발생하면서 국민의 불안과 불신을 가중시켰다. 국민들은 정부가 불안감을 해소해 주고 원칙을 지키는 안전규제, 신뢰할 수 있는 안전규제를 마련할 것을 요구하고 있다. 원자력 안전규제의 독립성을 확보하기 위해 지난 2011년 설립된 원자력안전위원회는 출범 이후 새로운 안전규제 제도 시스템을 마련하는 데 총력을 기울여 왔다. 원전 비리 같은 비정상 관행을 근절하기 위해 공급자 검사 제도, 성능검증기관 관리 제도 등 새로운 규제 시스템이 마련되었고, 방사선 작업 종사자 보호 강화와 생활 주변 방사선 감시 효율성 제고를 위한 다양한 제도적 장치들도 구비되었다. 이외에도 원자력안전규제기금 설치, 원전 부지별로 설치된 원자력안전협의회 실효성 제고 등 소통과 협업을 위한 시스템을 정착시켰다. 그러나 단순히 제도와 시스템이 만들어졌다고 해서 원자력 안전이 저절로 확보되는 것은 아니다. 차고 다닐 옥의 종류가 바뀌면 걸음걸이도 바꾸어야 한다는 개옥개행(改玉改行)의 고사성어에서처럼 제도가 바뀌면 그에 따른 일하는 방식 문화가 달라져야만 변경된 제도 시스템이 완전히 정착될 수 있을 것이다. 이를 위해서는 규제기관의 노력도 중요하지만 무엇보다 필요한 것은 원전 및 방사선 관련 사업자, 이해 관계자 나아가 일반 국민들이 이러한 달라진 제도 시스템을 이해하고 이에 적극 협조해 나가는 것이다. 본 기획 기사는 그러한 취지에서 그간 원자력안전위원회가 안전규제를 공고히 하기 위해 추진해 왔던 주요 규제 정책, 제도들을 소개하는 데 주안점을 두었으며, 이를 통해 원전 및 방사선 관련 사업자와 일반 국민들의 이해를 바탕으로 새로운 제도 시스템이 조기에 성공적으로 정착될 수 있기를 희망한다.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.15-29
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• 2016

Research background: Despite the visible growth in radiation usage and nuclear power development, the analysis of their relationship with fundamental rights, a subject of public concern regarding issues including the right to health, environmental rights, safety rights, the right to know, the right to development, and the right to life, is currently non-existent. Methods: By examining various fundamental rights in the context of positive laws regarding radiation and nuclear power in an idealistic perspective that guarantees the maximum degree of rights, this paper aims to propose legislative supplements that will lead to improvements in quality of life. Result and discussion: In the South Korean Constitution, radiation and nuclear power is a subject incorporating several rights, including at least 12 clauses that are directly related to fundamental rights; these constitutional rights are manifested in the various clauses of the 14 positive laws regarding radiation and nuclear power. The question on the relative importance of each fundamental right as reflected in these positive laws- whether the right to life should be prioritized or considered equal in weight to the right to health, environmental rights, the right to know, and safety rights- requires careful deliberation and is difficult to humanly resolve in the short term. Conclusion: Making policy that expands the usage of radiation and nuclear power while simultaneously preventing their associated risks is an important task for the Republic of Korea, and a proper value judgment is necessary to find a balance in its associated rights.

• Nuclear industry
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• v.21 no.3 s.217
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• pp.20-30
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• 2001

• Nuclear industry
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• v.23 no.9 s.247
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• pp.4-8
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• 2003

• Journal of Radiation Industry
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.169-173
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• 2011

This study investigated the effect of gamma irradiation on immune enhancing activity of Chaga mushroom extract (CME). CME was prepared by hot water extraction at $70^{\circ}C$ for 4 hours and lyophilized. Lyophilized CME powder was dissolved with deionized water at $10mg\;ml^{-1}$ and then irradiated at the doses of 10, 30 and 50 kGy by cobalt 60 gamma irradiator. The gamma-irradiated and non-irradiated CME were treated into the splenocyte separated from mouse. Cell proliferation and cytokine production of the immune cells were increased by gamma-irradiated CME and these increases were more prominent when CME was irradiated at higher doses. Therefore, it is considered that gamma irradiation can be an effective method for improvement of the immunomodulating activity Chaga mushroom extract.