• 월간포장계
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• 통권244호
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• pp.124-127
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• 2013

• 복식문화연구
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.852-862
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• 2007

This study was to investigate the physical properties and the external characteristics of denim fabrics(100% cotton non-spun denim, 98% cotton/2% polyurethane spun denim) such as tensile strength, thickness and weight, flex stiffness, surface color and shrinkage. The results of the study were as follows. After examining the change of external characteristics of before and after washing finishing for denim fabrics, denim with bio washing had increased pliability compared to denim without washing finishing but the pliability of the denim did not increase according to the intensity or frequency of washing. The luminance change according to washing finishing was high in the order of bio stone bleach washing, bio stone washing, bio washing and denim without washing finishing and the surface color became brighter in accordance with the increase of intensity and frequency of washing finishing.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.423-430
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 콘크리트 보도블록의 표층에 광촉매를 적용하여 광촉매 혼입률 및 블록 표면워싱 유무 등에 따른 휨강도, 흡수율, 메틸렌블루 광촉매 분해 성능 및 방오성능을 평가하였다. 실험결과, 콘크리트 블록 표면층에만 광촉매를 혼입한 블록의 휨강도는 광촉매 무혼입인 기준콘크리트 블록의 휨강도 5.46MPa과 비교하여 광촉매 5% 혼입 일반블록(SNW) 5.32MPa로 나타났으며, 표면워싱블록(SW) 5.26MPa, 광촉매 10%혼입 일반블록(SNW) 5.26MPa, 표면워싱블록(SW) 5.15MPa로 나타나 콘크리트 블록의 표면 워싱 유무 및 광촉매 혼입율이 휨강도에 미치는 영향은 없는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 콘크리트 보도블록의 광촉매 분해성능은 이산화티타늄이 5% 혼합된 시편의 메틸렌블루 제거율은 34.2%, 이산화티타늄이 10% 혼합된 시편의 메틸렌블루 제거율은 37.1%, 세척을 실시한 경우 이산화티타늄이 5% 혼합된 시편의 경우 제거율은 약 37.9%, 10% 혼합된 시편의 메틸렌블루 제거율은 약 37.6%로 나타났다.

• 국방과기술
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• 2호통권144호
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• pp.67-69
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• 1991

세계청년축제를 보도하려는 언론인들은 자신들의 다주파 무전기를 보유할수 없었으며, 그들은 북한 주민들의 라디오는 정부 방송만 수신하게 되어 있다는 것을 알았다. 어떤 사람들은 북한에 불리한 보도는 하지 않도록 주의를 받기도 하였다. 최근 가장 논란이 많은 것은 워싱톤에 위치한 Asia Watch의 주장으로, 북한에는 인구의 0.7%인 15만2천명에 달하는 정치범이 있다고 전하고 있다

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제30권8호
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• pp.1169-1177
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• 2006

The aim of this study was to investigate the change of the weight loss, tensile strength, flex stiffness, and color-values of the pigment-dyed cotton, polyester/cotton, polyester and nylon fabrics after washing process. Pigment-dyed cotton and polyester/cotton fabrics were treated with the cellulase, of which concentrations were 0, 1, 3 and 5g/l. The time of washing process ranges from 30 to 120 minutes. Pigment-dyed polyester and nylon fabrics were treated without enzyme, of which the washing temperature were 13, 30, $55^{\circ}C$ and the washing time ranges from 30 to 120 minutes. Also, they were tested in terms of the influences of agitation speed(rpm) and additives such as softeners, enzymes, detergents. The weight loss and tensile strength of the pigment-dyed cotton and polyester/cotton fabrics were positively correlated with the concentration of cellulase and washing time. Neither polyester nor nylon fabrics exhibited any change of the weight. All fabrics showed the decline of flex stiffness and decoloration after washing process. Decoloration of cotton and polyester/cotton fabrics was due to both the influence of cellulase and the mechanical rubbing. On the other hand, that of polyester and nylon fabrics was caused by the mechanical rubbing only.

• 한국섬유공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국섬유공학회 1998년도 가을 학술발표회논문집
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• pp.174-177
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• 1998

기존의 인디고 염색 방법은 데님용 실을 여러 가닥 합하여 로프 형태로 만든 다음 정련조를 거쳐 미리 환원시켜 놓은 인디고 염액 박스 5~6개조를 빠른 시간에 통과시키면서 침지-공기 산화를 반복해 실을 링 염색시키는 방법을 사용하고 있다. 이렇게 실 형태로 링 염색시킨 인디고 선염사와 미염색사를 이용하여 제직하고 가먼트로 만든 후, 소비자가 요구하는 색상을 맞추기 위해 별도의 워싱(washing) 가공을 행하여 색상이 점차적으로 흐리게 되는 페이드 아웃(fade-out) 효과를 내는 제품으로 생산되고 있다. (중략)

• 복식문화연구
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.535-547
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• 2009

This study presented a making method of jeans pattern with high fitness after deriving the appropriate shrinkage rate by material and washing process. For this purpose of this study, 6 jeans have been tested after washing finishing and we turned out appropriate shrinkage rate by evaluating the exterior of jeans and usage satisfaction. Then, a making method of jeans pattern was presented after applying the optimized shrinkage rate. According to the result of the exterior evaluation of test jeans, all 6 jeans were rated high with scores close to 3.5. Following the evaluation of satisfaction of usage by physical movement, the highest ranking was in the order of walking with normal steps, back bending $90^{\circ}$, chair sitting, climbing stairs, and squatting. The shrinkage rate by physical area showed the highest score in the order of pants length, waist circumference, thigh circumference, knee circumference, hem circumference, hips circumference. In addition, the shrinkage rate was higher in warp direction than weft direction after washing finishing. As for the result of addition and reduction of pattern measurements by parts of jeans, waist circumference was 2.6${\sim}$5.2cm, hips circumference was 1.3${\sim}$4.2cm, thigh circumference was 0.8${\sim}$3.1cm and knee circumference was 0.7${\sim}$2.5cm. Also, hem circumference was 0.5${\sim}$1.8cm and pants length was 4.0${\sim}$6.2cm. That is, this results showed a wide range of addition and reduction according to material and washing finishing.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.461-474
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to present a making method of jeans pattern with high fitness after deriving the appropriate shrinkage rate by material and washing process. Research Method of jeans pattern was presented after applying the optimized shrinkage rate. According to the result of the exterior evaluation of test jeans, all 6 jeans were rated high with scores close to 3.5. Following the evaluation of satisfaction of usage by physical movement, the highest ranking was in the order of walking with normal steps, back bending $90^{\circ}$, chair sitting, climbing stairs, and squatting. The shrinkage rate by physical area showed the highest score in the order of pants length, waist circumference, thigh circumference, knee circumference, hem circumference, hips circumference. In addition, the shrinkage rate was higher in warp direction than weft direction after washing finishing. As for the result of addition and reduction of pattern measurements by parts of jeans, waist circumference was $2.5{\sim}5.2cm$, hips circumference was $-1.8{\sim}2.8cm$, thigh circumference was $-1.3{\sim}2.0cm$ and knee circumference was $-1.0{\sim}1.7cm$. Also, hem circumference was $-1.0{\sim}1.8cm$ and pants length was $2.9{\sim}6.2cm$. That is, this results showed a wide range of addition and reduction according to material and washing finishing.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.189-207
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• 2022

Fashion companies and brands' marketing activities focus on resolving environmental problems; however, these companies' efforts, there are some examples of so-called "greenwashing". This paper aims to analyze different perceptions of brand authenticity, green marketing, and purchase intention toward the brand before and after exposure to case information about greenwashing. A total of 211 data were gathered and analyzed using SPSS 25.0. Respondents were asked to respond to same questionnaires related to green marketing and the brand authenticity before and after their exposure to greenwashing information. The study participants' perceptions of green marketing from the brand were statistically significantly negatively changed after exposure compared to before exposure. Similar patterns in results were found in the context of consumers' perception of brand authenticity (genuineness, originality, and consistency), and purchase intention. The originality of this study is in evaluating consumers' perception of greenwashing focused on brand authenticity. The findings of the study suggest that if a fashion brand's green marketing activity is perceived as greenwashing by consumers, the perceptions of green marketing, brand authenticity, and purchase intention can all decline. It is suggested that fashion brands need to develop a sincere and truthful green marketing campaigns to keep and enhance their brand authenticity.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.448-458
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• 2010

Kenaf has a rigid and rough touch that inhibits the use of it as a textile material; therefore, this study developed a novel textile material using kenaf. Kenaf and cotton were blended in the ratio of 3:7 and manufactured as 20' spun yarn that was compared to 20's spun yarn made of 100% cotton. Both kenaf/cotton-blended and 100% cotton spun yarn were constructed as plain woven and knitted fabrics. Four kinds of fabrics were prepared as follows. Plain kenaf/cotton-woven fabrics, plain cotton-woven fabrics, kenaf/cotton jersey, and cotton jersey. A cellulase washing process was carried out to reduce the character of kenaf/cotton-blended fabrics, rigid, and rough touch. All fabrics were pretreated with NaOH. NaOH at the concentrations of 0, 0.25, 1.25, and 2.25mol/L, and cellulase at concentrations of 0, 1, 3 and 5g/L were used since the pretreatment of NaOH has a higher efficiency of weight loss than $Na_2CO_3,\;K2CO_3$ and Triton X-100. The ratio of weight loss, tensile strength, stiffness, drape property, and surface appearance were measured in order to evaluate the efficiency of the washing treatment on fabrics. Kenaf/cotton-blended fabrics exhibited more rigid and rough features than cotton fabrics. A cotton jersey showed significant differences in the degree of stiffness and drape properties. When all fabrics were treated with 1.25mol/L of NaOH and 3g/L of cellulase, kenaf/cotton-blended fabrics showed a higher retention ratio of tensile strength than cotton fabrics after washing despite the increased weight l08s of kenaf-blended fabrics compared to cotton fabrics. The ratio of weight loss for all fabrics was well correlated with flexibility. The washing treatment process made woven fabrics more flexible than knitted fabrics, because the stiffness of woven fabrics made the rubbing actions stronger. Kenaf/cotton-blended fabrics showed a significantly higher ratio of weight loss and more reduction in stiffness than cotton fabrics after the washing treatment. This might be due to the lack of cohesiveness and easy elimination from fabrics. The drape property of kenaf-blended fabrics was superior to cotton fabrics.