• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.2002-2011
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• 2015

This study was performed to determine the levels of physical function (ADL, IADL) and to reveal its association with the related factors in the elderly people. The study subjects were 1,756 (male 872, female 884) people aged over 70 who received medical check-ups and long-term care services between 2009 and 2012 from the National Health Insurance Corporation. As a result, the distribution of impaired ADL and IADL increased significantly with age. Logistic regression showed that the risk ratio of impaired ADL was increased significantly in the following groups: female, urban, low weight, stroke history group, smoking, alcohol drinking, and not regular exercise group. The risk ratio of an impaired IADL were increased significantly in the group of females, low weight, smoking, alcohol drinking. On the other hand the risk ratio of an impaired ADL and IADL was similar in each age group. As above results, the levels of ADL and IADL in the study subjects are closely related to the socio-demographic characteristics and health related behaviors. In particular, they suggested that the levels of ADL and IADL were lower in the poor group of the health-related behaviors, such as smoking, alcohol drinking, and regular exercise.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.858-870
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• 2001

Purpose: This study was to compare changes in health behaviors, motivational factors, cardiovascular risk factors, and functional status (SIP) after implementing the 6-month motivation-enhancing program to institutionalized elderly women. Methods: Sixty-four elderly women participated. Face to face interviews with blood sampling and anthropometric assessment were conducted at the pretest, 10 weeks and 6 months during the program. Results: 1. The program participants showed significantly better health behaviors over 6 months. The mean motivational level was also significantly improved, especially for perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and emotional salience. 2. The mean of cardiovascular risk factors for the participants was 21.8 at the level of low to moderate risk. After completing the program, total risk score was significantly decreased to 18.7 at 10 weeks, and further to 17.7 at 6 months. A significant reduction was also found in HDL and LDL-cholesterol levels, blood pressure, obesity, inactivity, and stress. 3. The functional status (SIP) was 11% at the baseline and significantly changed in positive direction at 10 weeks(M=9.3) and at 6 month(M=6.3). The significant improvement was also found in physical and psychosocial dimensions and sleep/rest dimension. Conclusion: The motivation enhancing program was effective to reduce cardiovascular risks and to improve the functional status of institutionalized elderly women by motivating them to perform better health behaviors.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.12
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• pp.190-204
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• 2010

This study firstly examined the socioeconomic and health factors associated with infiltration of private health insurance. Secondly, we compared health behavior, outpatient and inpatient use of private health insured with uninsured. The method of this study is that secondary analysis of the 2008 Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey was conducted for 7178 respondents aged 19 over. We use the logistic regression and t-test for data analysis. The first dependent variable was dichotomy which is divided to private health insured or uninsured and the second dependent variable was the presence and frequency of outpatient and inpatient use. The descriptive variables was gender, age, marital status, income, education, occupation, type of national health insurance, residential area, self confidence of health, prevalence rate of common disease, activity limitation, drinking and smoking status. The result of the major findings are as follows. First, 59 under aged person, married person, people in the higher brackets of income, national employee insured were more likely to infiltrate private health insurance. The poor self confidence of health, activity limitation, person with hypertension or allergic rhinitis and smoker were negatively related in infiltrating private health insurance. Second, private health insured did more preventive behavior such as self-paid health examination, cancer screening, regular exercise than uninsured. Third, private health insured was positively related with the presence of outpatient use and frequency of inpatient use

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.41-56
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• 2001

Overview: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the determinants on the correlation between constitution and health promoting lifestyle profile on the workers. Also, the questionnaire on the HPLP (health promoting lifestyle profile) of Walker(1987) and Sa-sang constitution of Lee(l894) were utilized Methods: Data from a representative sample of 652 workers were analyzed Pearson's chi-square test analysis was utilized to test the explanatory causal model and to determine the direct and indirect effects of independent variables on quality of life. Results: Constitutional distribution among exposed group, were Tae-eum In(43.7%), So-eum In(33.6%), and So-yang In(22.7%). The degree of the subjects practicing health promoting lifestyle, on a scale of 1 to 4, is an average of 2.62, personal relations 2.94, self-realization 2.86, stress management 2.71, nutrition 2.68, responsibility for health 2.37, and exercise 2.21, with personal relations earning the highest points and exercise the lowest As for factors influencing health promoting lifestyle, there is significant difference between sex and age. That is female and higher age. On the difference between constitution and health promoting lifestyle, Tae-eum In is the highest all area except personal relations. So-eum In is the lowest all area except responsibility for health. Conclusions: Tae-eum In totally do health promoting lifestyle well but So-eum In relatively not. On the Study we used the HPLP(health promoting lifestyle profile) on the premise that each person's daily life, the attitude and the practice level to the health have an influence on the health. So in the constitution there is a little differences in the consideration and the practice level and health condition will be different. On this study we finish up by knowing about the health promoting lifestyle. But on next time we will have to go on studying about the sign and the comparison with the result of western and oriental medical health examination to the each constitution on carrying out continuously oriental medical health examination.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.134-145
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate gender related factors that influence regular exercise adherence in patients with coronary artery disease. Methods: This secondary analysis study used data from the 2013~2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Three hundred and eighty patients over 20 years of age and having coronary artery disease were selected for this study. Measures included questions about regular exercise, general characteristics, health behaviors, and health status. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, Rao-Scott $x^2$ statistic, and multiple logistic regression analysis with the SPSS 21.0 program. Results: The results were as follows. Men did more regular exercise than women (58.8% vs 40.1%). The multivariate-adjusted Odds Ratios (OR) for regular exercise adherence in men were 2.93 (95% CI: 1.39~6.17) for non smokers and 3.06 (95% CI: 1.53~6.13) for men with 0 to 1 comorbidities. Women had a high odds ratios of 0.38 (95% CI: 0.18~0.82) for not using alcohol and 2.10 (95% CI: 1.03~4.29) for no back pain. Conclusion: To improve regular exercise adherence in patients with coronary artery disease, it is necessary to develop different approaches considering gender.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.51-80
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• 1990

한국의 사망력은 높은 수준의 성별 사망력 차이와 중년 남성의 급격한 사망력 상승을 그 구조적 특성으로 하고 있는데, 이러한 한국인 사망력 구조의 특이성은 직접적으로는 사망원인의 성별, 년령별 차별적 역활에 기인하며 간접적으로는 이들 원인의 차별성을 초래하는것으로 추정되는 경제개발기간동안의 사회, 경제 및 공공정책상의 변화 및 생활습관의 차이에서 기인된다고 보아진다. 본 연구에서는 이들 차이를 결과짓는 여러 요인들을 중심으로 한국인의 사망력 구조상에서 나타난 년령별 및 성별특성을 분석하는데 그 주요점을 두었다. 1985년 경제기획원 조사통계과에 의해 집계된 사망원인통계자료는를 활용하여 한국인의 사망력 구조의 특성을 사망원인과 관련시켜 연구분석한 결과는 다음과 같이 종합될수 있다. 첫째, 40대 이후 남성의 높은 사망력에 의거한 요인들은 뇌혈관질환, 고혈압성질환, 암질환 및 기지 심질환 및 간의 악성신생물 순으로 중요하게 나타났다. 둘째, 0세에서의 남녀간의 기득개념의 차이는 차이는 초년 또는 청년층에서의 남녀간의 사망력 차이에서 보다는 40대 이상의 중장년층에서의 남녀간의 사망력 차이에서 비롯되었으며, 뇌혈관 질환, 악성간질환 및 고혈압성 질환, 간의 악성 신생물,및 기타 심질환 및 간의 악성 신생물 질환들이 중장년층에서의 남녀간의 사망력 차이를 결정하는데 주역활을 하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 세째, 위의 년령간의 및 남녀간의 사망력 수준의 차이를 결정짓는 주요한 사회적 간접요인들로는 첫째, 사회.경제개발과 함께 이어 병행되어온 보건정책들이 즈로 어린이 또는 여성에 편향된 결과 였으며, 둘째,환경적 요소로서 중년 남성들의 Social stress, 운동부족과 관련된 질병들과 공해, 먼지, 유해화학물 가스 등 산업재회와 관련된 질병들에 의한 사망률이 높으며, 세째, 행위적 요소로서 음주와 흡연과 관련된 질병들에 의한 중년 남성의 사망률이 높은것들로 요약될수 있다. 중년 남성의 높은 사망률은 기술적,사회적 경험이 축적된 노동력의 상실로서 국가적 손실이 크며, 고 년령층 인구의 구조적 측면에서도 성의 불균등을 초래하여 미혼 여성의 증가등 사회적인 기반문제의 주요한 요인이 되므로서 그 중요성은 지대하다고 할수 있겠다. 그러므로 이 문제는 국가적 사회적 차원에서 해결이 시급하며 그 해결책으로는 지금 까지 도외시 되어 왔던 중년 남성의 건강을 위한 프로젝트의 실지와 함께 이들에게 노출되어 왔던 운동 부족, 사회적 스트레스 및 산업재회의 해소 내지 제거에 대한 방안들이 연구 되어야 하겠다. 한편 음주 및 흡연등의 개인행위적 습관의 개선을 위한 사회 계몽활동의 추진 및 건전한 스트레스 해결책의 개발이 중요하다고 하겠다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.368-376
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• 2018

The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship of flow experience on self-esteem and exercise adherence through intention in youth sports club so that youths can continue to exercise. A non-probabilistic sampling method was used as a convenience sampling method with 257 questionnaires being analyzed by frequency, factor analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis using the SPSS 21.0 version statistical program for Windows. The results of this study are as follows. First, cognitive flow showed a negative relationship with negative self-esteem, a positive relationship with positive self-esteem, and a positive relationship with tendency and possibility in interrelation. Behavioral flow showed a positive relationship with tendency, possibility, and reinforcement. Second, positive and negative self-esteem showed positive relationships with behavioral flow and did not show any relation. Third, reinforcement showed a positive relationship and tendency and possibility did not affect behavioral flow. It is possible to enhance self-esteem and improve physical fitness through continuous physical activities and to live a lively school life by understanding the immersion experiences of the adolescents' participation in sports clubs and by providing more appropriate physical activity information to adolescents.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.34-43
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was performed to examine predictors of allied health science students' exercise behavior using Pender's Health Promotion Model. Method: The subjects were 203 university students majoring in nursing, emergency medical service, and exercise prescription. The hypothetical model was based on the HPM(Pender, 1996). Exogenous variables of the model were exercise habit and role belief. Endogenous variables were exercise-related affect, exercise self-efficacy, exercise barrier, exercise intention, and exercise behavior. The data were analyzed by SAS PC program and LISREL 8.12 program. Result: The degree of exercise behavior was low(mean 1.86, range 1~4). The overall fit of the model to the data was acceptable. Exercise habit, exercise self-efficacy and exercise-related affect were significant predictors of exercise intention and exercise behavior. Conclusion: This study shows the necessity of the program to increase the level of exercise participation of university students majoring in allied health science. The model constructed in this study is applicable to explain exercise behavior of university students majoring in allied health science, and suggests that we should focus on exercise habit, exercise self-efficacy and exercise-related affect to increase the level of exercise behavior of this group.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.80-89
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• 2000

This study was designed to investigate effects on cognitive perception. health promotion activity and life satisfaction of elderly. The participants for this study were 292 in senior citizen's center in S-city. The participants were categorized by two groups. one have taken exercise regularly. at least more than one a week for 6 months, the other have not. The measurement tools were the Perceived Benefit Scale developed by Walker, et al. and translated by Kim. Hee Ja(1994), the Life Satisfaction Index developed by Neugarten. etc. and translated by Lee. Ga Ok(1994) and Self efficacy Scale developed by Kim. Hee Ja (1994). The data were collected by personal interviews. which were taken from January 11 to 16. 1999, and analyzed by SAS 6.12. The major results of this study were as follows 1) Scores of self-efficacy were higher regular exercise group than irregular group. 2) Regular exercise group have taken exercise such as jogging, climbing and the other hands irregular group have not. 3) When the participants were categorized by smoking, other health promotion behavior (weight control. diet), both scores of life satisfaction index were higher smoking group than non-smoking group, other health promotion behavior than non-health promotion behavior. 4) There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of perceived benefit, life satisfaction, From these findings, regular exercise program will be able to provide elderly with opportunity to change positively their lives in cognitive perception. health promotion activity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.37 no.8
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• pp.998-1008
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• 2008

This study aimed to assess the nutritional status and the nutritional risks based on the food intake frequency and health-related behaviors of middle-aged and elderly people living in Andong area. Interviews were conducted with 1,384 subjects (532 males, 852 females) aged 50 years and over. Nutrient intakes, food intake frequency, and health-related behaviors including smoking, drinking, and exercise were investigated. The average energy intakes were 1410.5 kcal for males and 1279.2 kcal for females, and the percentages of the subjects consuming below the estimated energy requirement (EER) were 92.5% and 88.4%, respectively. The least consumed nutrients compared to the estimated average requirement (EAR) were riboflavin (92.5% for males, 89.6% for females), folic acid (89.7%, 88.5%), and calcium (78.9%, 85.8%), in order. According to the food intake frequency survey, the intakes of meat, fish and vegetable (except kimchi) were very poor, and this low intakes of meat and fish showed as poor status of protein, niacin, vitamin $B_6$, and zinc intakes. Health-related behaviors data showed that the ratio of cigarette smokers, especially male, was higher, while the ratio of the person exercising regularly was lower than that of the nationwide statistics, respectively. Cigarette smoking and drinking were not significantly related to the poor nutrition intake, while regular exercise positively influenced nutrient intakes in female subjects. These results showed that the nutritional status of the subjects was likely to be severely deficient and the low intakes of meat and fish to be highly related to the increase of nutritional risk. Therefore, in order to prevent the occurrence of the secondary disease related to the food intake and health-related behaviors of the subjects, the proper educational program on balanced dietary intake and the correction of health-related behaviors should be developed and applied to this area.