• Proceedings of the KWS Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.62-64
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• 2005

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.327-335
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• 2001

The characteristics and production mechanism of residual stress generated by multi-pass welding of the steel pipe were elucidated from the results of three-dimensional thermal elastic-plastic FEM analysis. When the steel pipe was jointed by multi-pass welding, the stress components of circumferential direction and radial direction near welded joints on the inner surface and the outer surface of the pope were tensile. The stress component of axial direction on the inner surface was tensile and on the outer surface was compressive. On the other hands, the production mechanism of residual stress generated by multi-pass welding of the steel pipe was investigated. Residual stress generated by welding of the steel pipe was investigated not only by the thermal history but also by geometrical shape. Then, the generality of the production mechanism of residual stress generated by multi-pass welding was confirmed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.109-112
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• 2005

Friction welding is welding method to use frictional heat of two material. A defect of friction welding is that create flash. The flash is part that must have cut after welding finished. But the welding part with flow gallery by friction welding can't cut flash. Therefore the welding part with flow gallery was designed with no effect in flow. In this research, decide the welding shape parameter of welding part with flow gallery and do friction welding analysis. In friction welding analysis, must input necessary S-S curve, friction coefficient by temperature change, upset pressure, RPM etc. According to analysis result, decided the optimal shape of welding part with no effect in flow.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.11-23
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• 1997

시험편을 용접할때 사용한 용접 변수의 기록서인 PQR(Procedure Qualification Record)은, 용접구조물을 제작하는 제조 업체에서, 수시로 PQ Test를 수행하여 작성되고 있으며, 가장 기본적이고 중요한 용접 데이터이기 때문에 소중하게 관리되고 있다. 그리고, PQR의 수량이 많아지면, 관리에 많은 어려움이 따르고, 필요 한 데이터를 찾는데 많은 시간이 소요될뿐만 아니라, 정확한 데이터를 찾아내는 것도 쉽지가 않다. 따라서, PQR 관리 시스템을 개발하여, PQR의 데이터를 쉽게 활용하고, 자료 검색을 간단하게 할 수 있으며, PQR의 작성을 간편하게 하고자 PQR 관리 시스템 을 개발 하였다. 본 시스템의 특징은 PQR 양식을 새롭게 표준화하여 출력할 수 있게 하였고, PQR 작성을 처음 시작하는 사용자도 쉽게 배워 업무에 적용할 수 있다. 이는 용접 전문가의 노하우가 데이터 베이스에 내재되어 있어 서로 관련된 정보의 반복 입력이 적으며, 한 개의 데이터로 다른 데이터가 자동 결정되고, 데이터의 입력방식 이 키인(Keyboard Input)이 아닌 리스트(List)에서 선택하는 방식으로 하였다. 또한, 용접부 개선 형상의 Outline을 제공하여 수작업의 부담을 줄였으며, 검색의 기능이 강력하여 검색조건 선정에 제한이 없다. 그러므로, 본 시스템은 전반적으로 용접전문 가의 지식을 프로그래밍한 지능성, 전문성, 복합성을 가진 시스템이라 할 수 있다. 본 고에서는 ASME CODE에 따라서 작성되는 PQR의 관리 시스템을 소개하고자 한다.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 1986

금속이행이란 소모성 전극을 이용한 arc 용접에서 금속이 용융된 와이어로부터 모재로 이동하는 현상을 말하며 넓게는 용적의 이행 뿐만아니라 스패터등과 같은 불필요한 이행까지로 포함하는 의미이다. 용접시 스패터와 흄(fume)발생, 용입형상, 용접자세, 용융지안정성 및 용접부의 기계적 성질 등이 금속이행형태에 의해 많은 영향을 받기 때문에 효과적인 용접을 위해서는 이 금속 이행 형태를 적절히 조절해야 한다. 이를 위해서는 금속이행형태, 금속이행기구, 금속이행에 미치는 여러 가지 변수 등에 대하여 아라야 할 필요성이 있으며, 이러한 필요성 때문에 많은 사 람들이 오래 전부터 금속이행현상에 관한 연구를 수행하여 왔다. 그러나 용적이 고온이 arc속에 서 짧은 시간내에 고속으로 이행하기 때문에 금속이행현상의 연구에는 많은 어려움이 있으며, 현재까지도 정확한 금속이행현상에 관한 이론은 밝혀지지 않고 있다. 따라서 금속이행에 관해서 는 앞으로도 많은 연구가 필요하며 본 해설은 현재까지 연구발표된 금속이행에 관한 자료들을 종합정리하였다.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.624-627
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• 2010

최근 자동차 업계서는 차량의 온실가스 배출량을 줄이고 연비를 개선시킬 수 있는 방법 중의 하나로 경량화 소재를 사용하여 차체의 중량을 줄이는 연구가 활발히 진행 중에 있다. 특히 알루미늄 합금의 경우 기존 강재에 비해 비중이 낮아 가볍고 부식에 대한 저항성이 높아 많이 사용되어지고 있는 추세이다. 본 연구에서는 먼저, 저입열 용접공정을 적용하여 용접 변수와 토치의 각도에 따른 인장강도 특성을 비교하여 적정 용접 범위를 산정하였으며, 인장강도와 비드형상의 관계를 다중 회귀 분석을 이용하여 비드 예측 회귀 모델을 제시하였다. 또한 호감도 함수를 적용한 반응표면분석법을 이용하여 자동차 생산 현장에서 겹치기 용접 이음부의 강건한 용접 품질을 가질 수 있는 최적용접 공정 조건을 도출할 수 있는 효과적인 방법을 제안하고자 한다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.35 no.10
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• pp.1337-1345
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• 2011

In pressurized water reactors (PWRs), the reactor pressure vessel (RPV) upper head contains numerous control rod drive mechanism (CRDM) nozzles. In the last 10 years, the incidences of cracking in alloy 600 CRDM nozzles and their associated welds has increased significantly. Several axial and circumferential cracks have been found in CRDM nozzles in European PWRs and U.S. nuclear power plants. These cracks are caused by primary water stress corrosion cracking (PWSCC) and have been shown to be driven by welding residual stresses and operational stresses in the weld region. Therefore, detailed finite-element (FE) simulations for the Korea Nuclear Reactor Pressure Vessel have been conducted in order to predict the magnitudes of the weld residual stresses in the tube materials. In particular, the weld residual stress results are compared in terms for nozzle location, geometry factor$r_o$/t, geometry of fillet, and adjacent nozzle.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.561-565
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• 2010

Stainless steel sheets are widely used as structural materials for the manufacture of railroad cars and commercial vehicles. These kinds structures used stainless steel sheets are commonly fabricated by using the gas welding. For the fatigue design of gas welded joints such as fillet joints and plug joints, it is necessary to obtain information on the stress distribution at the weldment and the fatigue strength of the gas welded joints. Moreover the influence of the geometrical parameters corresponding to the gas welded joints on the stress distribution and fatigue strength must be evaluated. ${\Delta}P-N_f$ curves were obtained from the data recorded in fatigue tests. Using these results, the ${\Delta}P-N_f$ curves were rearranged according the relation between $\Delta\sigma-N_f$ and the maximum stress at the edge of the fillet welded joint.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.547-556
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• 2001

This study presents new method in which to derive the constraint coefficient from the quantity of angular deformation by welding measured by varying the shape of welded joints and the magnitude of constraints by varying the shape of welded joints and the magnitude of constraints by experiment and from the result analyzed by elastic FEM method and then to decide equivalent load with it The numerical analysis results by this new method verified the validity by agreeing with the experimental result on specimen. In addition These results are applicable to the prediction of the quantity of welding deformation for large structures regardless of the size and the shape While in the effects of the constraints based on the shape of welded joints in the case of Butt welding when the constraint coefficients are not considered the deformed quantity is produced larger than one by the experiment and consequently is largely affected by the constraints But in the case of Fillet welding the deformed quantity is seldom affected regardless of considering the constraint coefficients or not.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.513-523
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• 2015

In steel moment frames constructed of H-shapes, strong-axis moment connections should be used for maximum structural efficiency if possible. And most of cyclic seismic testing, domestic and international, has been conducted for strong-axis moment connections and cyclic test data for weak-axis connections is quite limited. However, when perpendicular moment frames meet, weak-axis moment connections are also needed at the intersecting locations. Especially, both strong- and weak-axis moment connections have been frequently used in domestic practice. In this study, cyclic seismic performance of RBS (reduced beam section) weak-axis welded moment connections was experimentally investigated. Test specimens, designed according to the procedure proposed by Gilton and Uang (2002), performed well and developed an excellent plastic rotation capacity of 0.03 rad or higher, although a simplified sizing procedure for attaching the beam web to the shear plate in the form of C-shaped fillet weld was used. The test results of this study showed that the sharp corner of C-shaped fillet weld tends to be the origin of crack propagation due to stress concentration there and needs to be trimmed for the better weld shape. Different from strong-axis moment connections, due to the presence of weld access hole, a kind of CJP butt joint is formed between the beam flange and the horizontal continuity plate in weak-axis moment connections. When weld access hole is large, this butt joint can experience cyclic local buckling and subsequent low cycle fatigue fracture as observed in this testing program. Thus the size of web access hole at the butt joint should be minimized if possible. The recommended seismic detailing such as stickout, trimming, and thicker continuity plate for construction tolerance should be followed for design and fabrication of weak-axis welded moment connections.