• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.292-299
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• 2022

This study was conducted to analyze physical and chemical properties of horticultural substrates and response of hydroponically grown two cultivars of 'Namcheon' and 'Somirang' perilla by four different substrates: coir (chip:dust = 5:5), perlite, granular rockwool, and commercial mixed substrate (cocopeat:peatmoss:vermiculite:perlite: zeolite = 50:25:10:10:5). There were no significant differences in EC and pH according to substrates. Container capacity was the greatest in granular rockwool, and it showed appropriate levels in mixed substrate and coir. Air space was higher in coir and perlite than the other treatments. Bulky density reached a proper standard in all substrates excepting coir. The leaf length and width of 'Namcheon' indicated the most in mixed substrate, though the value of 'Somirang'was greatest in coir substrate. The leaf weight of both cultivars was highest in mixed substrate, and relatively low in coir and perlite. The total yield of leaves was separated by two groups: higher group, which are mixed substrate and granular rockwool, and lower group, which are coir and perlite. There was a large gap by 28% between these two groups. Therefore, this study suggests that substrates with high water holding capacity such as mixed substrate or granular rockwool are most suitable for the hydroponic cultivation of perilla, which require sufficient moisture supply to the root zone.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.64 no.1
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• pp.15-21
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• 2008

Background: The melanoma antigen-encoding (MAGE) genes are known to be expressed in various cancer cells, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and are silent in all normal tissues except for the testis. In patients with peripheral NSCLC, bronchial washing fluid can be used to detect the MAGE genes, suggesting a diagnosis of lung cancer. In order to evaluate the diagnostic utility of the MAGE test in patients with peripheral NSCLC, bronchial washing fluid was investigated in patients with peripheral pulmonary nodules, which were invisible as detected by bronchoscopy. Methods: Bronchial washing fluid from 37 patients was used for cytological examinations and MAGE gene detection, using RT-nested-PCR of common A1-A6 mRNA. Results were compared to a final diagnosis of patients as confirmed by pathology. Results: Among the 37 subjects, NSCLC was diagnosed in 21 patients, and benign pulmonary diseases were diagnosed in 16 patients. MAGE mRNA was detected in 10 of 21 (47.6%) NSCLC patients, while conventional cytology examinations were positive for MAGE expression in 2 of 21 (9.5%) cases. MAGE expression was observed in 4 of 16 (25%) benign pulmonary disease patients. Conclusion: The MAGE test of bronchial washing fluid can be used as a sensitive predictor of peripheral NSCLC patients.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.85-92
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• 1997

Background : The standard treatment of recurrent, symptomatic malignant pleural effusion is intrapleural instillation of a chemical agent in an attempt to achieve a sterile inflammation and pleurodesis. There are many drugs used as pleural sclerosing agents, but the efficiency and side effects are different. The present study was undertaken to compare the commonly used drugs, doxycycline and bleomycin. Methods : Thirty-four patients with malignant pleural effusion who needed repeated thoracentesis were randomized to receive treatment with intrapleural instillation of doxycycline or bleomycin Fluid volumes before and after pleurodesis, drainge time, and side effects were analyzed, and the response to treatment was evaluated by clinical examination and chest radiography during admission in the hospital. Also median survival rime were evaluated according to the responses. Results : The response rate was higher in the patients receiving doxycycline than in those receiving bleomycin (87.5% vs 50.0%, p=0.02), and fever, nausea and vomiting were more common in the patients receiving bleomycin. The median survival time was significantly longer in the patients who responded to the sclerotherapy regardless of sclerosing agents. Conclusions : Chemical pleurodesis with doxycycline or bleomycin could reduce or stop pleural effusions and prolong the median survival rimes in these patients. Doxycycline appeared to be more efficient as sclerosing agent than bleomycin in the short-term follow-up periods. But a prospective study with a larger number of patients is warranted.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.1686-1690
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• 2006

현재 우리나라에서는 하천의 개수사업 및 교량, 제방 등과 같은 수공구조물 설계시 계획 홍수위를 산정하는데 있어 실무에서는 1차원 모형인 HEC-RAS 모형이 널리 이용되고 있다. 그러나 HEC-RAS 모형과 같은 1차원 모형의 경우 모형의 한계로 인해 하폭의 확대, 축소, 만곡부 및 섬 등과 같은 장애물 존재시 하천횡단면에 따른 수위 및 유속변화를 표현하는데 많은 어려움이 있으며, 이런 한계로 인해 1차원 모형만을 이용하여 하도 및 하천공간계획을 수립하기란 사실상 불가능하다. 또한 최근 들어 하천기능에 대한 인식이 과거 홍수소통, 용수이용 등 이.치수중심에서 인간과 다양한 생명체가 공존하는 서식처로서의 기능을 부여하는 생태하천의 개념으로 변화하는 추세이며, 이와 같이 변화된 패러다임하에서 생태하천복원사업 등과 같은 하천관련 사업추진 시 합리적인 하도 및 하천의 공간계획을 수립하기 위해서는 하도내 2차원 흐름특성 등과 같은 기초자료가 절실히 요구된다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 합리적인 하도 및 하천의 공간계획을 수립하기 위한 기초자료를 제공함은 물론, 보 철거에 따른 하도내 흐름개선 효과를 분석하기 위해 연구대상 하천인 두계천에 대하여 2차원 수치모의를 통한 하도내 흐름특성 변화를 조사하였다. 본 연구에서 선정한 2차원 모형으로는 유한요소법에 기반을 둔 RMA-2모형의 범용프로그램인 SMS 모형을 선정하였고, 1차원 수치해석을 통하여 선정된 하류단의 경계조건을 적용하여 2차원 수리특성 분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과 철거대상 취수보 15개에 대하여 보철거 후 수위에 대한 개선 효과는 금암보를 제외한 대부분의 보 철거 구간에서는 그리 크지 않은 것으로 나타난 반면, 보 철거에 따른 유속의 개선효과는 대부분 큰 것으로 나타났다.는 경우보다 낮게 나타나고 있다. On-Line 저류지의 경우 Off-Line 의 경우에 비해 수위, 유량이 저류지의 상류단에서 크게 나타났다. On-Line 저류지의 경우 Off-Line 의 경우에 비해 같은 값의 첨두홍수량을 저류하기 위해서 상대적으로 넓은 저류면적이 필요한 것으로 나타난다. 대등한 수위감소값의 홍수저감효과를 발휘하기 위해서 본 연구에서는 On-Line 저류지 면적은 Off-Line 저류지에 비 두배 이상이 필요한 것으로 보여졌다.들에 관한 정보는 종종 현장관측에서 조차 무시되는 경우가 많다. 이에 본 연구에서는 수질모형의 매개변수 중 특히 수리특성에 관련된 매개변수들이 수질에 미치는 영향을 파악하는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다. 이를 위해 적용된 수질모형은 QualKo를 사용하였으며, 대상 하천은 낙동강 본류 경남구간 시점 부근인 회천 합류 전부터 낙동강 본류 경남구간 종점 부근인 밀양강 합류 전까지의 경남 오염총량관리 기본계획 시 구축된 모형 매개변수를 바탕으로 분석을 수행하였다. 일차오차분석을 이용하여 수리매개변수와 수질매개변수의 수질항목별 상대적 기여도를 파악해 본 결과, 수리매개변수는 DO, BOD, 유기질소, 유기인 모든 항목에 일정 정도의 상대적 기여도를 가지고 있는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이로부터 수질 모형의 적용 시 수리 매개변수 또한 수질 매개변수의 추정 시와 같이 보다 세심한 주의를 기울여 추정할 필요가 있을 것으로 판단된다.변화와 기흉 발생과의 인과관계를 확인하고 좀 더 구체화하기 위한 연구가 필요할 것이다.게 이루어질 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.는 초과수익률이 상승하지만, 이후로는 감소하므로, 반전거래전략을 활용하는 경우 주식투자기간은 24개월이하의 중단기가 적합함을 발견하였다. 이상의 행태적 측

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.481-489
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• 2017

The study area,Cheonan Stream, is an urban river that flows through urban areas in close proximity to densely populated areas and multi-use facilities. The natural river improvement project from 2006 to 2015 improved the quality of life of local residents with the improvement of river function, the restoration of the natural ecosystem and the securement of hydrophilic space. A bike way in the constructed waterside space was built focusing on trails. This study suggests improvements appropriate for insufficient bike way function-related regulations. The problems of ramps, river crossing facilities, stairway facilities, safety facilities, signs, road markings, and parking facilities, etc.have arisen in the utilization situation and citizen consciousness survey. As an improvement, it was suggested that 12% or fewer ramps should be improved, a submerged bridge should be installed at 7 places separated by stepping bridges, and signs and road markings according to bike way-related regulations should be installed and bike parking facilities at Cheonan station and Cheonan bus terminal should be expanded. The bike way in the waterfront of ChoenanCheon(river) will increase the accessibility and utilization rate of short-distance transportation with the institutional expansion of bike use facilities and work organizations and the improvement of facilities in accordance with urban rivers and bike-related regulations. Therefore, it is expected that the development of the living space will be beneficial for the citizens due to the elimination of traffic in the city and the activation of bike traffic.

• Clean Technology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.13-21
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• 2014

Because of the water scarcity caused by the increase of salinity in the underground water, seawater desalination stands out as one of the most promising solution. As there are so much energy costs in operating desalination plants, new hybrid process which is more effective should be researched. A geothermal VMD (vacuum membrane distillation) hybrid process is a competitive alternative for seawater desalination. Because geothermal energy has significant characteristics of high capacity factor to operate the power plant at full capacity for 24 hour per day, it can be a priority heat source of VMD superior to any other renewable energies such as solar and wind power. In this study, we design a geothermal VMD hybrid process, analyze it economically and finally compare the result with a case of conventional VMD process. Geothermal VMD hybrid process generates $23,822,409 of NPV (net present value) more than the conventional VMD process in case of 5% discount rate. The break-even point between these processes is 5.36 year. Sensitivity analysis indicates that steam cost is the most decisive influence variable to the economic outcome.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.51 no.10
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• pp.839-852
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to predict monthly agricultural reservoir storage by developing weather data-based Multiple Linear Regression Model (MLRM) with precipitation, maximum temperature, minimum temperature, average temperature, and average wind speed. Using Naïve-Bayes classification, total 1,559 nationwide reservoirs were classified into 30 clusters based on geomorphological specification (effective storage volume, irrigation area, watershed area, latitude, longitude and frequency of drought). For each cluster, the monthly MLRM was derived using 13 years (2002~2014) meteorological data by KMA (Korea Meteorological Administration) and reservoir storage rate data by KRC (Korea Rural Community). The MLRM for reservoir storage rate showed the determination coefficient ($R^2$) of 0.76, Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) of 0.73, and root mean square error (RMSE) of 8.33% respectively. The MLRM was evaluated for 2 years (2015~2016) using 3 months weather forecast data of GloSea5 (GS5) by KMA. The Reservoir Drought Index (RDI) that was represented by present and normal year reservoir storage rate showed that the ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristics) average hit rate was 0.80 using observed data and 0.73 using GS5 data in the MLRM. Using the results of this study, future reservoir storage rates can be predicted and used as decision-making data on stable future agricultural water supply.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.109-117
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• 2008

Phellinus linteus (Sang Hwang mushroom; P. linteusis) has been widely used for a traditional medicine in Japan, Korea and China. In traditional oriental applications, P. linteus and their extracts have been exclusively used to treat various diseases like insomnia, neurasthenia, gastric ulcers, arthritis, nephritis, stress, asthma, bronchitis, neuromuscular disorders, hypertension and also as an immune system stimulator in cancer therapy. In a number of articles, it is indicated how tremendous their therapeutic values are. According to these studies, P. linteus and their extracts show immunomodulatory activities like enhancing immune system function including anti-tumor activity and inhibiting the growth of existing tumors. P. linteus and their extracts have been being studied for use as immunotherapy agents and biological response modifiers (BRMs) for the possible treatment of cancer without side effects. Recently, the cultured mycelium product of P. linteus has been developed and approved as a medicine in Korea. This review shows not only the current status of methods of developmental technology like artificial culture and various biological applications of P. linteus but also recent market trends of functional foods made from P. linteus.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.41 no.spc
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• pp.11-20
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• 2008

In this study, we applied a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm to predict the changes of chlorophyll-${\alpha}$ related to environmental factors in agricultural reservoirs in Korean national scale. Data were obtained from water quality monitoring networks of reservoirs operated by the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry and the Ministry of Environment of Korea. From the database of the monitoring networks, 290 reservoirs were chosen with variables such as chlorophyll-${\alpha}$ and 13 environmental factors (COD, TN, TP, Altitude, Bank height, etc.) measured in 2002. Based on Carlson's trophic status index, reservoirs were divided into five groups, and most agricultural reservoirs $(TSI_{CHL}\;64.1%,\;TSI_{TP}\;75.5%)$ were in the eutrophic states. The groups were discriminated with environmental variables, showing that COD, DO, and TP were important factors to determine the trophic states. MLP-PSO (Multilayer perceptron (MLP) with PSO for the optimization) was applied for the prediction of chlorophyll-${\alpha}$ with environment factors, and showed high predictability (r=0.83, p<0.001). Additionally, the sensitivity analysis of the MLP-PSO model showed that COD had the strongest positive effects on the concentration of chlorophyll-${\alpha}$, and followed by TP, TN, DO, whereas altitude and bank height had negative effects on the concentration of chlorophyll-${\alpha}$.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.414-423
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• 2016

Growers in plug seedling production think that root media in which rockwool is a component has given rise to several environmental problems. Therefore, the demand for new materials as a substitute for rockwool has been increased. This study examined the possibility of cultivation of tomato plug seedlings using a newly developed growing medium with phenolic foam. Plug seeds of tomato cultivar 'Madison' were sown in four pellet-type growing media: Grodan rockwool (GRW), UR rockwool (URW), phenolic foam LC (LC) or phenolic foam LC-lite (LC-lite). Then, the seedlings were transplanted to the four cube-type growing media 19 days after sowing. Seeds were germinated in a growth chamber ($25{\pm}2^{\circ}C$, 80% relative humidity, and dark) for 4 days and then the seedlings were grown with a nutrient solution supplied by an overhead irrigation system in a greenhouse. Plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, and fresh or dry weight of tomato seedlings were the greatest for the seedlings transplanted to URW cube media after being grown on LC-lite pellets. Root grade was the greatest for the seedlings transplanted on LC or LC-lite cube media after being grown on LC pellets. Chemical properties of all media tested for tomato growth were maintained within a stable range, while physical properties of URW showed high values in container capacity, air space, and total porosity. These results demonstrated that the phenolic foam media were effective for seedling growth and can substitute for rockwool as a root medium.