• 정신신체의학
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.124-137
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• 1996

As the society becomes more industrialized and modernized, we have more chances to experience a serious traumatic event. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has 3 major categories of symptoms such as memory disturbance, hyperarousal and avoidance or numbness. I reviewed the psychobiological evidences in 3 main categories of symptoms and the biological treatment after a brief review of the epidemiology, psychosocial etiology and diagnosis of PTSD. The memory disturbance of PTSD might be developed by the potentiation of the memory pathway mediated by norepinephrine. PTSD induces HPA axis abnormality, it might also develop hippocampal dysfunction, which might contribute to the memory disturbance. The kindling effect develops desensitization, which might develop reexperiencing of the traumatic events and hyperarousal state. Chronic aroused state of locus ceruleus with resultant chronic maladaptive state of norepinephrine system, might develop hyperarousal state. Social avoidance and physical numbing state in PTSD might be caused by serotnin or opiate system. Stress induced analgesia might be developed by opiate reliesed against the acute stress. The biologic research results would help the selective treatment of PTSD.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.55-69
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• 2010

A college student who exhibited several post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms was used as a case study in order to investigate the therapeutic effects of sandplay therapy for PTSD sufferers. In total, 27 sessions of the sandplay treatment program were used to conduct psychological tests before and after the sessions. Any changes in the manner of expressions on the sand box during the treatment, and the results of pre and post psychological tests on aspects of depression, anxiety and interrelationships were analyzed. Overall results showed that the subject exhibited progressive behavioral improvement and signs of recovery. Psychological tests revealed reduced levels of depression and anxiety, and improved interrelationship scores. In conclusion, sandplay therapy does exhibit positive benefits as an effective treatment modality for PTSD in adolescents and young adults.

• 대한불안의학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.106-113
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• 2015

In psychodynamic therapy, trauma related symptoms are considered as an attempt to overcome the traumatic experiences. Therefore, psychodynamic psychotherapy regards the symptom not as a patient's defect but as an adaptive reaction. In contrast to other therapies, psychodynamic theory places heavy emphasis on the understanding and resolution of the patient's symptoms. In addition, transference is a distinctive feature of this theory, which plays a significant role of reflecting the realistic evaluation on the therapist's characteristics, and in guaranteeing the therapeutic alliance. The psychodynamic therapist inducts meaning from the patient's unconscious mind. The therapist's task is to help the patient to better understand defense mechanisms guide their management of experiences and reactions, and facilitate a better understanding of their personal experiences.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.564-572
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine predictors of anxiety and PTSD in battered women. Method: The data were collected from 555 women who were stratified samples according to 15,000:1 from a target population in Korea from November 18, 2004 to February 18, 2005. The data was analysed using the SPSS program. Results: Predictors of anxiety were self esteem, stress, state anger, social support, trait anger, negotiation, and psychological violence. These variables explained 55.8% of anxiety. Predictors of PTSD were self esteem, state anger, trait anger, psychological violence, stress, and anger-in. These variables explained 43.2% of PTSD. Conclusion: It is considered that the importance of separating the effects of the different types of violence when taking into account its effects on women's mental health. To promote women's mental health, it is needed to develop self esteem improvement programs, and anger and stress management programs.

• 대한불안의학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2022

Mindfulness has been widely researched in mental, physical health, and healthy populations. The effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions have also been demonstrated in research studies. This report reviews the research on mindfulness based interventions currently employed for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Mindfulness-based theories postulate that symptoms of PTSD are developed and maintained by experiential avoidance and non-mindful behaviors. Recent emerging work indicates that mindfulness based interventions, such as mindfulness-based stress reduction and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, may improve the symptoms of PTSD. Further advances are needed to gain a better understanding of the ability of mindfulness based interventions to target specific symptom dimensions of PTSD and the psychological/neurobiological mechanisms of actions underlying these interventions.

• 지식경영연구
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.43-67
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• 2022

정보통신기술 발달의 어두운 측면 중 하나는 사이버범죄의 급격한 증가이다. 특히 사이버성폭력 수사를 전담하는 수사관들은 업무 특성상 불법 성폭력 영상 자료에 장시간 노출될 수밖에 없어 외상후스트레스장애 발생 위험이 높을 뿐만 아니라 대리외상을 경험할 가능성도 높다. 그러나 관련 연구는 매우 부족한데다 이들의 대리외상을 다룬 연구는 전무한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구는 사이버성범죄를 다루는 수사관의 정신건강 특히 외상 관련 상태를 확인하고, 현재 운영 중인 심리지원제도에 관한 수사관들의 인식 현황을 파악하고자 한다. 또 유사한 업무를 수행하는 해외 기관의 심리지원제도를 검토함으로써 국내 사이버성폭력수사관의 업무스트레스 관리 및 정신질환 예방을 위해 필요한 심리적 지원과 국내 실정에 맞는 정책에 관해 제안하고자 한다.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.385-390
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• 2023

본 연구는 소방공무원의 스트레스에 대한 심리적 응급처치 필요성을 연구하는데 목적이 있다. 연구 문제를 해결하기 위해 10명의 구급대원을 대상으로 1:1 심층 인터뷰를 통해 구급대원의 근무환경, 외상 후 스트레스 경험, 심리적 응급처치 경험 등을 분석하여 소방관의 정신건강 향상을 위한 심리적 응급처치의 필요성에 대한 정책을 다음과 같이 제안하였다. 첫째, 소방공무원을 현장에 배치해 외상 후 스트레스와 그로 인한 신체 증상을 미리 교육한 뒤 외상 사건에 노출될 필요가 있다. 둘째, 소방공무원은 외상환자에 노출된 후 적절한 시기에 심리적 응급처치를 해야 한다. 셋째, 정신건강 업무를 전문적으로 수행할 인력과 제도적 장치의 보완이 필요하다. 넷째, 소방공무원에 적합한 맞춤형 전문의료서비스와 심리지원을 위해서는 소방복합치유센터와 국립 소방병원의 연계가 필요하다.

• 건강소식
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.32-33
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• 2012

트라우마(trauma)는 외상 후 스트레스 장애다. 극단적인 트라우마의 기억은 그 당시에 경험했던 생생한 감정이나 신체 감각의 잔재가 뇌 안의 신경 회로에 그대로 남아 있다가 일상생활에서 사소한 자극에 의해 그대로 폭발 되어 나온다.

• 대한불안의학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.97-103
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• 2007

Objective : The present study was carried out in order to assess the effects of Cognitive-Behavioral Group Therapy (CBGT) on victims of school violence, as assessed by the CAPS-CA. Methods : The subjects were 14 children who had experienced school violence and were subsequently diagnosed with PTSD and partial PTSD using the Clinician-Administered PTSD scale for Children and Adolescents (CAPS-CA). Seven children agreed to participate in CBGT, and they received 10 sessions of therapy. After CBGT, both the CBGT and non-CBGT groups were assessed using the CAPS-CA and School Adaptation Test. Results : The study results showed significant decreases in avoidance (p=0.010) and hyperarousal in the CBGT group (p=0.009) following the completion of CBGT. The analysis of school adaptation showed that there was a significant improvement in peer relationships after CBGT in the CBGT group (p=0.045). Conclusion : CBGT is effective in improving PTSD symptoms in children who experience school violence and subsequently suffer from PTSD.

• 대한불안의학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.113-119
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• 2012

Objective : The purpose of this study is to assess the utility of clinician administered posttraumatic stress disorder scale (CAPS) to diagnose combat related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in Korean veterans of the Vietnam War. Methods : Sixty-one Korean male veterans of the Vietnam war participated in this study. We compared the diagnostic values of CAPS, Korean version of mini international neuropsychiatric interview (MINI) against the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID) in diagnosing PTSD. Results : The overall internal consistency of CAPS was 0.93. Compared to the SCID, total severity 45 (TSEV45) showed the best results among 5 CAPS scoring rules. In detail, sensitivity was 71.4%, specificity was 85.1, positive predictive value was 58.8%, negative predictive value was 90.9%, and accuracy was 82.0. Conclusion : CAPS was demonstrated as a reliable tool to diagnose combat related PTSD in the elderly. The optimum CAPS scoring was TSEV45.