• 유학연구
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• v.44
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• pp.303-333
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• 2018

In this paper, Peng Xiao's analysis of his Waitan Alchemy method was conducted, using Zhouyi Chantongqi Fenzhangtongzhenyi as the main text. Unlike former President Zhouyi Chantongqi, Peng Xiao's president Zhoui Chantongqi is characterized by the simultaneous appearance of Neidan and Waitan. It reveals the characteristics of the course. The study of Zhouyi Chantong qi Fenzhangtongzhenyi explains the shift in Waitan and Neitan in Taoism and the change in terms of its meaning and terminology. In this paper, we looked at the basic principles of Alchemy in Zhouyi Chantongqi Fenzhangtongzhenyi, the three main tools of Alchemy : pots, drugs, and fire control. In addition, Huangtan, Liangtan and Xuantan, which were acquired in the specific process of Alchemy, were also identified through text analysis. Finally, we looked at the effects and effects of the Waitan's Alchemy. These studies will provide easier access to the Waitan language, which is more diverse than the original Wei Boyang's Zhouyi Chantongqi and other comments. Based on this, another in-depth study of the Neitan idea of Fenzhangtongzhenyi will be possible in the future.

• 유학연구
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• v.43
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• pp.165-192
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• 2018

이 논문은 『주역참동계고이(周易參同契考異)』를 주희의 철학에서 고립된 영역으로 간주하는 대신, 주희의 삶의 후반기에 있어 그의 사유, 특히 그의 철학의 핵심 개념 인 리(理)에 관한 사유와 관련하여 고찰했다. 『참동계』는 우주론이나 선천역학(先天易學)과 관련이 있지만, 『참동계』의 저자인 위백양(魏伯陽)은 『주역』의 해석이 아니라, 연단술의 기초를 확립하기 위해 음양 개념과 선천역학의 괘상 형성 원리를 빌렸을 뿐이다. 그러므로 우주론과 선천역학과의 관계는 간접적인 것이다. 주희에 따르면, 연단술이 근거하고 있는 『참동계』는 과학과 자연학의 공통 기반으로서 리에 기초하고 있다. 이런 맥락에서, 그는 리의 기초 위에서 자연학으로서의 외단술과 내단술을 정립하려고 했다. 주희에 따르면, 외단술은 도가의 일원론에서 일자(一者)와 같은 종류의 물질로 만들어진 단약을 찾는 방법이다. 주희는 단약이 영원한 존재와 동류로 구성되어야 함을 인정하지만, 기본적으로 외단술과 일원론을 이기이원론의 관점에서 비판한다. 또한 주희는 이기이원론에 기초하여 내단술을 재해석한다. 당시 내단을 수행함으로써 불사의 존재로 인정되던 선인(仙人)은 사실 불사의 존재가 아니라고 한다. 주희는 수명의 한계 내에서 내단의 호흡술을 통해 기의 발산을 조금 지연시킬 가능성은 인정하지만, 내단은 외단과 마찬가지로 기의 양생(養生)에 지나지 않는다고 주장한다. 그러나 양심(養心)은 마음속 리에 기초한 불사관의 새로운 전망을 가능하게 한다. 말하자면, 기의 양생과 달리 리와 관련된 자기수양은 일종의 불사와 영생에 관련된다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.48-57
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• 1995

본 연구에서는 경골 목조 주택 (2${\times}$4 주택, 2${\times}$6 주택), 통나무 주택 및 콘크리트 주택(내단열, 중단열, 외단열) 벽체에 대하여 유한 요소 해석으로 단열 성능을 평가하였고, 표면 결로 현상을 분석하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 벽체의 단열 성능은 정량 골조 2${\times}$6를 사용한 주택이 가장 우수하였고, 경량 골조 2${\times}$4 주택, 통나무 주택, 콘크리트 주택의 순으로 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 2. 콘크리트 벽체의 내단열, 중단열, 외단열의 벽체 구성법에 따른 단열 성능의 차이는 없었으며, 콘크리트 주택에서 단열재의 사용이 필수적이었다. 3. 내부 결로의 경우 콘크리트 벽체의 외단열이 가장 우수한 결로 예방성을 보였다. 이는 외부에 설치된 단열층이 외부의 낮은 온도를 차단해 벽체 전체의 온도를 높게 유지하기 때문이었다. 표면 결로는 모든 벽체에서 나타나지 않았지만, 실내 습도가 높아진다면 콘크리트 주택의 벽체에서 발생할 가능성이 가장 높았다. 본 연구는 벽체내의 단열 성능에 관하여만 분석을 하였고, 열전달 외에 축열성능 등에 관한 고려는 하지 않았으므로 추후에는 여러 가지 복합적인 열적 성능에 관한 연구가 수행되어야 하리라고 생각한다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.276-282
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• 2015

Fetal cerebellum is grow depending on the gestational age, measurement of transverse cerebellar diameter(TCD) is being used import indicator of fetal growth prediction in clinical. In this study, the subjects were normal pregnant women 20~37 week of gestation, and the volume scan was conducted on the 340 subjects. The research reports was indicated by regression curve the growth of fetal TCD in accordance with the gestational age. It got to the value of the results from a linear regression equation. Measurement fetal TCD using 3D US was statistically significant(p<0.001) and useful in the prediction of gestational age. TCD increases with gestational age can also distinguish between the normal fetal and prediction of accurate gestational age of fetal growth retardation. If the basic data of the present study, ongoing research is performed, the TCD using by 3D US are expected to be usefully applied in the correct prediction gestational age.

• The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
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• no.43
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• pp.231-266
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• 2014

The main contents of Baopuzi inner chapters becomes the basis for the claim "to be achieved Xian the way people can be" named and Shenxian theory that is deployed in the center of the universe body theory with a focus on Xuan and YI and Tao and a problem of "demonstration of Shenxian exist", or ancient science that describes the Chinese alchemy and Taoism spell in other words, inner chapters are writing and how to get prescription way of Shenxian, of medicine to become a predecessors, elephant of some of the changes in the ghost apparition, the longevity, how to avoid the epidemic out of the evil. Inner chapters are presented a regimen thought, the rationale for its mystical religion and philosophy of Monasticism ship on the basis of the theory Shenxian so. Baopuzi Inner chapters is presented in detail how to reach a comprehensive and realistic Shenxian long life in prison without the pre-Qin dynasty Taoism and Qinhan dynasty and times across the Weijin dynasty Shenxian ideas. And is presented in a typical Waidan and Neidan Taoism exercise this system and that in Taoism (Regimen) Thought the important position. Thought of Regimen is very important right information Inner chapters which constitutes the establishment of an important theoretical basis Shenxian Taoism of Gehong this research right in that you can see at a glance the thought of Regimen of Inner chapters is the desperate need for this requirement. It aims to illuminate the entire look of Regimen ever appeared immediately in Inner chapters this paper. After the analysis of the body Tao theory, The theory of the body and the spirit, The theory of Xingming, The theory of Shenxian theoretical foundations of thought appeared in Inner chapters Based on this, the first one conducted regulating the qi flowing in the channels method, Daoyin method, Pranayama, Closed breath, I saw one at the specifics of regimen method such, art of controlling and swallowing breath from the mouth, Convinced, Tuna breathing, Sishenshouyi method, Jinehuandan method, Fangzhongshu. And reporting features found Inner chaptersfinally saw the spirit of Regimen weigh its value.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.293-299
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• 2018

Steel truss outriggers can be replaced by reinforced concrete walls to control the lateral drift of tall buildings. When reinforced concrete outrigger walls are connected to perimeter columns, not only axial forces but also shear forces and moments can be induced on the perimeter columns. In this study, the shear force of the perimeter column due to the rotation of the outer edge of the outrigger wall is derived as analytic equations and the result is compared with the finite element analysis result. In the finite element analysis, the effects of connecting beams at each floor and the effect of modeling shear walls and outriggers with beam element and plane stress element was analyzed. The effect of the connecting beam was almost negligible and the plane stress element was determined to have greater stiffness than the beam element. The inter-story rotation and the shear force of the perimeter column due to the rotation of the outer edge of the outrigger wall was considerably smaller than the allowable value. Therefore, even if the outrigger wall made of reinforced concrete is applied to a tall building, it is considered that there is no need to study the shear force and moment induced in the perimeter columns.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.46-65
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• 2014

This study, under the title of Daeungbojeon Hall of Bulyeongsa Temple, Uljin and the architectural technique of the architect, aimed to make a comprehensive speculation on Daeungbojeon Hall of Bulyeongsa Temple whose accurate construction year was confirmed in 1725. While existing studies dealt with it separately between construction and Buddhist art history this study attempted to sort out it in one perspective by means of comparison with compatible objects in the area. The results are as follows. 1st, by means of comparison of wall painting of Daeungbojeon Hall of Bulyeongsa Temple and other wall paintings of Gyeongsang-do Province, it was estimated to be created before and after 1725, the founding year of the building. 2nd, the stylobate of Daeungbojeon Hall is the only and unique case that Guibu was supported by the bottom. Such stylobate was estimated to be built in the early period of Goryeo stylobate of PostLintel Construction which was more simplified than that of the traditional unified Silla period considering specific techniques. Lastly, by means of comparison of the architectural technique of Daeungbojeon Hall of Bulyeongsa Temple with other temples in Gyeongsang-do Province, the characteristics of the building were found. In particular, the same architectural technique was confirmed by direct comparison of style with Yeongsanjeon Hall of Tongdosa Temple in 1714 which was constructed by the same architect.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.69
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• pp.593-622
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism and to examine the characteristics of Intermixture of Three Religions in Journey to the West. This novel, which has the structure of satire, hope, and surrogate satisfaction while being the center of satire and humor, is a refuge for the people. Even today, it can be said, however, that for the people, Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism was not a distinctly separate system of religions. Journey to the West story is about the liberation of Buddhism that is obtained through Taoism training. In the celestial world, not all gods are perfect, and often make mistakes. In such a story, the mistakes of beings living as human beings are simply insignificant. What is not different from the structure of life in this world is still a world of nature. The world is rife with absurdities, both on earth and in heaven. The characteristics of Intermixture of Three Religions can be summarized in several ways. First, the Trip of Samjang is not just to gain the enlightenment of illegal but rather to seek a greater sense of meaning. Second, the means to gain enlightenment is that it does not claim that one is right or good. Third, mercy, goodwill, and respect for life for oppressed and exploited peoples are common to all religions. Fourth, this story suggests that everything from the beginning is already a matter of mind. Fifth, all of the logic of Three Religions in this novel can be said to be "preliminary." Human life implies that it is going on a planned path, perhaps as a fate. But the important thing is, as in all religions, even if the road is a planned one, Journey to the West is strongly and persuasively speaking that it is the way of life as well as the attitude of living silently in carrying out its duties.