• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.415-419
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• 2002

The replacement effects of cheese far salted and fermented fish on growth of lactic acid bacteria, fermentation velocity and sensory characteristics of Kimchi were investigated. In both control and cheese Kimchi, the total viable cell count of lactic acid bacteria was increased rapidly during the initial 2 days of fermentation. From 3 days after preparation, Kimchi added with cheese showed higher number of lactic acid bacteria than control Kimchi. The pH of Kimchi decreased rapidly after a small increase at the first day of fermentation, reaching 4.18-4.33 at the third day of fermentation, and the pH was slightly lower in Kimchi added with cheese than in control. Proximate analysis of Kimchi added with cheese was slightly higher in moisture and lower in crude protein and fat than control Kimchi. Sensory evaluation of the Kimchi fermented for 3 days showed that the Kimchi added with 3 or 5% of cheese had higher scores of appearance, flavor and overall taste than the control Kimchi.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.40 no.12
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• pp.1776-1780
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• 2011

The effects of different kinds of salt on the qualities of weight, volume, water absorption rate, turbidity, pH, textural characteristics, and sensory evaluation of wet noodles were studied. The salts employed in this study were purified salt (PS), solar salt (SS), solar salt without bittern (SSWB), roasted salt (RS) and bamboo salt (BS, $1{\times}$). The weight, volume, and water absorption rate of the noodles decreased with the 2% addition of different kinds of salts compared to the noodles without any added salt. The turbidity of the noodles decreased when BS (0.484), RS (0.489), or SSWB (0.489) were added to the noodles much more than when PS (0.508) was added. The pH of both wet noodles and cooked noodles was higher when BS, RS, or SS were added than when the others were added. The springiness and cohesiveness of the noodles were both increased with the addition of the salts. BS, RS and SS especially increased the springiness and cohesiveness of the noodles. In sensory evaluations of appearance, taste, texture and overall acceptance, BS received the highest scores. From the results, adding salt to wet noodle preparations is important to increase the quality of the noodles. BS showed the best overall results among the salts employed in this study.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.41 no.12
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• pp.1813-1822
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal mixing conditions of two different amounts of purple barley flour ($X_1$), and olive oil ($X_2$) in baking white pan bread. The experiment was designed according to the central composite design of response surface methodology, which showed 10 experimental points including 2 replicates. The more purple barley flour added, the more weight, yellowness (b-value), hardness, gumminess, and chewiness increased; but the more volume, specific loaf volume, lightness (L-value), and springiness decreased. The greater the amount of olive oil added, the more hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess, and chewiness increased; but the more yellowness (b-value) and springiness decreased. The physical and mechanical properties were affected more by the amount of purple barley flour than by the amount of olive oil. Sensory properties except flavor were more affected by the amount of purple barley flour than by the amount of olive oil.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.401-406
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• 2011

This study was conducted to investigate the pasting and sensory properties of different commercial rice cultivars. All samples had adequate moisture content, and Gyeonggi Kosihikari had the lowest protein content (6.75%). Apparent quality of head rice ranged from 85.63 to 98.70% and amylose content was 21.51-26.54%. In a rapid visco analyzer examination, pasting temperature of Gyeonggi Kosihikari was the lowest (84.87). Breakdown of Gangwon Oade (43.64 RVU) was lower that of others, indicating the highest pasting stability. The setback of Jeonam Hitomebore was the lowest (81.56 RVU), suggesting slow deterioration. A texture analysis test showed that Gyeonggi Koshihikari had the lowest hardness and Chungnam Samgwang had the highest adhesiveness. Gyeonggi Koshihikari had the highest sensory scores for appearance, flavor, taste, texture and overall acceptability. These results indicate that Gyeonggi Koshihikari is the most adequate rice product among cultivars.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.137-145
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• 1990

Six commercial rice varieties were cultivated at different locations in 1987 and 1988. Rice samples harvested from 8 to 20 locations for a variety each year were used to measure or observe grain appearance, amylose content and alkali digestibility, cooked rice texture using rheometer, gelatinization and viscosity of rice flour using amylograph, and eating Quality of cooked rice by sensory evaluation. Relationship between Quality characteristics showing large locational variation were analized to approach the long-term objective, rice grain Quality standardization. Percent white-center and white-belly grain of the same variety showed great variation between locations, but did not affect on 1000-grain weight, amylose content and alkali digestibility, amylogram and rheogram characteristics, and eating Quality of cooked rice. Positive correlationship were obtained between maximum viscosity and break down, and maximum viscosity and alkali digestibility. Set back was correlated negatively with maximum viscosity, break down and alkali digestibility. Rice samples having significantly lower values of maximum viscosity and break down and higher set back value at the same time showed higher ADV and lower texture palatability index (TPI) and viscousness/hardness ratio (Vi/H), and lower sensory evaluation score of cooked rice compared with those of rices having typically higher values of maximum viscosity and break down and lower set back value. When TPI, Vi/H and overall sensory eating score of cooked rices measured were divided into three categories, high, medium and low using deviation from locational mean value of a variety, many of rice samples having high TPI or high Vi/H showed medium or high in overall sensory eating score of cooked rice.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.209.2-209
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• 2003

국내에서 생산되는 우리밀의 소비촉진과 고품질의 제품을 제조하기 위해서 향현미찹쌀과 현미찹 쌀가루를 우리밀가루에 10~30% 첨가하여 국수를 제조하고 그 품질특성을 조사하였다. 향현미찹쌀과 현미찹쌀가루의 평균 입자크기는 12.38~15.59$\mu\textrm{m}$로 고운 분말상태였고 우리밀가루와 큰 차이는 없었다. Farinograph 결과 향현미찹쌀가루와 현미찹쌀가루의 첨가량이 증가할수록 반죽의 수분흡수율은 각각 증가, 감소하였다. 반죽의 안정도, 형성시간 및 점탄성은 첨가물의 함량이 증가할수록 감소하는 경향을 나타냈다. 향현미찹쌀을 첨가한 국수는 대조군과 비교하여 명도는 증가하고 황색도는 감소한 반면에 현미찹쌀가루를 첨가한 국수는 반대의 결과를 나타냈다. 향현미찹쌀과 현미찹쌀을 우리밀에 20% 농도까지 첨가하였을 때의 조리특성은 대조군과 거의 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 관능검사결과 향현미찹쌀의 첨가량이 30%, 현미찹쌀은 20%까지 첨가한 국수가 대조군과 외관, 맛 그리고 전체적인 기호도에서 비교적 높은 평가를 받았다.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.18-26
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to develop value-added functional gruel by adding fresh burdock & burdock powder. For burdock, we put fresh burdock(1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0%) and burdock powder(0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2%) into burdock gruel and get results from mechanical tests and sensory tests. Moisture content of fresh burdock gruel increased with more addition of fresh burdock, while burdock powder gruel had less moisture content as the addition of burdock powder increased. Lightness and pH decreased in both groups as more amount of burdock was added. From the result of an attribute difference test, 4% fresh burdock gruel showed the strongest burdock flavor and astringent taste. Among the burdock powder groups, the gruel added with 1.2% burdock powder scored the highest point in color intensity, graininess, savory taste, astringent taste, thickness and aftertaste. For overall acceptability, the gruel added with 3% fresh burdock scored the highest point and the gruel added with 0.6% burdock powder was the highest among the burdock powder groups. Based on the results of this study, the gruel added with 0.6% burdock powder and the gruel added with 3% fresh burdock were the optimum for their good characteristics and overall acceptability when produced.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.833-841
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• 2012

This study was conducted to investigate rheological and sensory characteristics of fish paste prepared with Curcuma longa L. powder (0, 1, 3, 5, 7%). The moisture content of the fish paste ranged from 71.35 to 72.97%. Increasing the amount of Curcuma longa L. powder in the fish paste tended to decrease the pH value and the folding test good score in all samples. Increasing the amount of Curcuma longa L. powder in the fish paste also tended to decrease the lightness (L) in the hunter color value, but to increase the redness (a) and yellowness (b). For the textural characteristics, the addition of Curcuma longa L. powder increased the strength and decreased the springiness. In a sensory evaluation, the addition of 3% Curcuma longa L. powder had the best score in taste and overall preference. Therefore, this results suggest that adding 3% Curcuma longa L. powder would be feasible for making Curcuma longa L. fish paste.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.95-105
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• 2018

Since 2018, the Korean government has permitted the production and sale of any cheese made from raw milk and aged for at least 60 days. The present study aimed to investigate the sensory characteristics of various types of Gouda cheese produced from raw milk during 60-day aging. The average pH of the raw milk used in this experiment was $6.7{\pm}0.4$, similar to that of the sterilized milk. The pH of raw-milk Gouda cheese was $5.2{\pm}0.5$ a day after the 60-day aging period, wherein the pH was $5.5{\pm}0.3$. In total, 5 samples were used for sensory evaluation in this experiment: Cheeses 1~5. With respect to flavor, Cheeses 1 and 5 received the highest and lowest scores, respectively. Raw-milk Gouda cheese produced using Salmonella spp.-contaminated raw milk was not greatly influenced by flavor; however, it had a negative effect on its appearance. In the future, it is imperative to carry out sensory evaluation of cheese produced with raw milk contaminated with various food-contaminating bacteria.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.190-194
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• 2001

This study was carried out to investigate the possibilities of using xanthangum, guargum and ${\kappa}-carrageenan$ as cryoprotectant by examining changes in water content, specific volume, and hardness of bread made from the doughs with gums at $-20^{\circ}C$ freezing chamber for 12 weeks. The specific volume of bread decreased with time. It decreased more sharply in the control. The bread with lowest specific volume had the highest value in the hardness. The bread with ${\kappa}-carrageenan$ showed the lowest value in the hardness. In the water-holding capacity of frozen dough, the bread with ${\kappa}-carrageenan$ had the highest value, and ${\kappa}-carrageenan$ was effective in the protection of the degradation in the quality of the frozen dough during the frozen storage. In the sensory evaluation, texture, color and appearance of the control and the breads with gums did not show the difference for 1 week, but the breads with gums showed the higher score than control in sensory characteristics in the frozen storage for 12 weeks. The bread with ${\kappa}-carrageenan$ showed the highest sensory score during the frozen storage. These results were summarized that ${\kappa}-carrageenan$ was most effective in the protection from the degradation of the quality of frozen dough during the frozen storage.