• The korean journal of orthodontics
• /
• v.39 no.2
• /
• pp.105-111
• /
• 2009

Objective: To estimate the effects of bracket material type on enamel decalcification during orthodontic treatment, this study analyzed the adhesion level of mutans streptococci (MS) to orthodontic bracket materials in vivo. Methods: Three different types of orthodontic bracket materials were used: stainless steel, monocrystalline sapphire, and polycrystalline alumina. A balanced complete block design was used to exclude the effect of positional variation of bracket materials in the oral cavity. Three types of plastic individual trays were made and one subject placed the tray in the mouth for 12 hours. Then, the attached bacteria were isolated and incubated on a mitis salivarius media containing bacitracin for 48 hours. Finally, the number of colony forming units of MS was counted. The experiments were independently performed 5 times with each of the 3 trays, resulting in a total of 15 times. Mixed model ANOVA was used to compare the adhesion amount of MS. Results: There was no difference in colony forming units among the bracket materials irrespective of jaw and tooth position. Conclusions: This study suggested that the result of quantitative analysis of MS adhesion to various orthodontic bracket materials in vivo may differ from that of the condition in vitro.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.588-593
• /
• 1988

We experienced a case of interrupted aortic arch[Type A] associated with PDA, VSD, mitral regurgitation and single coronary artery. The patient was 7 years old boy, who showed congestive heart failure[NYHA functional class III]. One stage total correction was performed under profound hypothermia with total circulatory arrest. Aortic continuity was established using PDA with anterior wall of main pulmonary artery flap. VSD was closed with Dacron patch and mitral regurgitation repaired by Reed`s annuloplasty method. The postoperative cardiac catheterization revealed no pressure gradient between ascending aorta and descending aorta, decreased pulmonary artery pressure and trivial residual shunt[Qp/Qs: 1.28]. The aortogram showed good continuity of the aorta without narrowing of the anastomotic site. During the period of 1 year follow up, heart failure symptoms were nearly subsided.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.28 no.6
• /
• pp.610-618
• /
• 1995

Three neonates with interrupted aortic arch with VSD underwent one stage repair using revised technique of cardiopulmonary bypass with short period of circulatory arrest. A left posterolateral thoracotomy was made to permit mobilization of the descending aorta and placement of polytetrafluoroethylene[PTFE graft for distal aortic perfusion. Then the patient was placed in the supine position and a median sternotomy was performed to permit the proximal dissection, VSD repair, and direct anastomosis between the ascending aorta and descending aorta. This technique has advantages to facilitate direct anastomosis between the ascending aorta and the descending aorta, to lessen circulatory arrest time, and to prevent dangerous laceration and post-operative narrowing of the thin small ascending aorta at cannulation site. There was no operative mortality but postoperative stenosis developed in one case which was relieved with balloon aortoplasty.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.33 no.4
• /
• pp.316-319
• /
• 2000

Double-outlet left ventricle with ventricular septal defect and pulmonary stenosis was conventionally repaired with extracardiac conduit or pulmonary artery translocation. Here, we report an anatomically repaired double-outlet left ventricle without extracardiac conduit or pulmonary artery translocation in an 11 month old patient who had undergone palliative systemic-pulmonary shunt at a nonatal period. The location of ventricular septal defect, both great arteries and coronary arteries made it possible to reconstruct the right ventricular outflow tract using on-lay patch after incision and undercutting the tissue between the ventriculotomy and the pulmonary arteriotomy.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.25 no.12
• /
• pp.1448-1454
• /
• 1992

Between July, 1990 and July, 1992, 6 male patients of truncus arteriosus, whose age ranged from 2 months to 18 months, underwent total surgical correction without a extracardiac conduit. Their anatomic types were type I in 3, type II in 2 and III, in one by the Collett-Edwards classification. Surgical techniques were similar to the first description by Lecompte except for the fact that distal pulmonary arterial stumps were approximated to ventriculotomy site without Lecompte maneuver in all cases. Also in all cases, mon-ocusps were placed using glutaraldehyde fixed autologous pericardial patch directly in right ventricular outflow tract. Three patients died postoperatively and the causes of death were myocardial failure, pulmonary hypertensive crisis and pulmonary complication due to progressive pulmonary vascualr obstructive disease respectively. The three survivors have been followed up for 6~10 months with good functional results.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.101-108
• /
• 1988

Between July, 19S4. and July, 1987, 9 two-stage repair of symptomatic tetralogy of Fallot were carried out at the department of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, Kyungpook national university hospital. Their age ranged from 5 years to 18 years [mean age 9.4 years] at the time of total correction, and there were improvement of systemic oxygen saturation values by 10% and decrease of hemoglobin by 1.6gm/dl after shunt procedures. The interval between the initial shunting procedure and total correction ranged for 7 to 101 months with a mean of 32.7 months. Four of these patients required patching of the infundibulum alone, three required patching of the right ventricular outflow tract across the pulmonary annulus, and valved conduit was used in one due to coronary artery anomaly. Aortic cross clamping time averaged 122.2minutes [range from 60minutes to 150minutes], and cardiopulmonary bypass time averaged 174.4 minutes [range from 80minutes to 300minutes]. The operative mortality rate was 22% [2/9].

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.598-604
• /
• 1985

One hundred consecutive patients with the Tetralogy of Fallot underwent total correction at National Medical Center during the period 1977 to 1984, Oct. During this study period, we adopted more active policy towards reconstruction of right ventricular outflow tract across pulmonary valve. The mortality was 48% for patients less than 15 kg and 19% in patients above 15kg. Initially Bretschneider`s solution was used as cardioplegia, which was replaced by St. Thomas` solution since 1983, Jan. After then overall mortality dropped to 9% compared to 45% of initial learning period. Heart block occurred In 11 patients, 10 of whom died of combined low cardiac output syndrome. Pure low cardiac output syndrome was noted in 18 patients, most of whom responded to medical measures well except 4 patients. Recently sepsis of Serratia marcescence, which occurred explosively during several months to open heart surgery patients, attacked 3 tetralogy patients resulting in 2 hospital deaths. Our experience has shown that body weight, choice of cardioplegia and accumulation of experience as well as advance of operative and postoperative techniques are still important factors affecting survival rate at initial learning period.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.33 no.12
• /
• pp.959-962
• /
• 2000

A 4-year and 11-month old child was diagnosed as having dextrocardia, pulmonary atresia, atrioventricular discordance, aorta from right ventricle, PDA, the interruption of right pulmonary artery and postoperative state of Blalock-Taussing shunt on right pulmonary artery. Anatomical repair so called \"double switch operation\" was performed; the Ratelli procedure on ventricular level and the Mustard procedure on atrial level. We report the successful anatomical repair of congenitally Physiologically Corrected Transposition even with Dextrocardia, Situs Inversus and the interruption of Right Pulmonary Artery.ry Artery.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
• /
• v.35 no.1
• /
• pp.1-18
• /
• 2010

I'd like to introduce a teaching method to improve learning efficiency. Most students are likely to ignore what they don't understand in the class of a course. The subject of Occlusion is essential to understanding prosthodontic and orthodontic subjects. It is necessary to let students know and review what they don't understand among parts of a chapter in the course of Occlusion. Therefore I look over the examination papers after every examination and input the problems that each student didn't solve into the C-language computer program and print the list of the contents that each student must study particularly. I give the lists to students and let them review and present their own weak parts of a chapter in the course of Occlusion in the next class. This teaching method leads to improvement in learning and is helpful to students as well as lecturers.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.39 no.1 s.258
• /
• pp.12-17
• /
• 2006

Background: Circulatory arrest under deep hypothermia is an important auxiliary means for surgical correction of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC), However, cardiac operations under deep hypothermic circulatory arrest are associated with the risk of post-arrest neurologic abnormalities. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the results of the surgical correction of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection without the total circulatory arrest. Materiai and Method: Between April 2000 and October 2004, hospital records of 10 patients were reviewed retrospectively. Result: The locations for abnormal anatomical connections were supracardiac in 7 cases, cardiac in 1 case, and infracardiac in 2 cases. The mean cardiopulmonary bypass time and aorta cross clamp time were 116.8$\pm$40.7 and 69.5$\pm$24.1 minutes. There was no surgical mortality. Postoperative complications were post-repair pulmonary venous stenosis in 1 case, pneumonia in 1, pneumothorax in 1, wound infection in 1,and diaphragmatic paralysis in 1. All patients without pulmonary venous stenosis were in NYHA class I at mean follow-up of 16.6 months (3$\∼$49 months) Conclusion: We could obtain excellent results by repair without the total circulatory arrest for total anomalous pulmonary venous connection.