• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.146-158
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• 2015

A bottom-up approach has been conducted to estimate greenhouse gas (GHG) emission and to analyze the marginal abatement cost for the Korean horticulture energy sector. With the systematically derived activity and energy balance data, the BAUs have been estimated, along with the marginal abatement cost over the period 2010 through 2030. The result from the marginal abatement cost analysis may provide general guidelines and procedures for the establishment of GHG abatement polices.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.58-68
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• 2015

A marginal abatement cost analysis has been conducted to analyze the effects of abatement measures on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions for the Korean residential sector. A bottom-up model using MESSAGE has been developed by defining the energy demand and constructing the reference energy system for the residential sector. A great amount of activity data has also been analyzed. Abatement potentials and related costs of individual abatement measures are investigated. The result from the marginal abatement cost analysis may provide general guidelines and procedures for the establishment of GHG abatement polices.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.41-59
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• 2022

In accordance with the enactment of 'the Paris Agreement' in 2015 and 'the Framework Act on Carbon Neutrality and Green Growth for Response to the Climate Crisis' in 2021, each local government has set appropriate reduction target of greenhouse gas to achieve the nationally determined contribution (NDC, the reduction target of 40% compared to 2018) of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in 2030. In this study, the current distribution of GHG emissions was analyzed in a time series centered on the Chungbuk region for the period from 1990 to 2018, with the aim of reducing GHG emissions in Chungbuk by 2030 based on the 2030 NDC and scenario. In addition, the prospected reduction by 2030 was estimated considering the projected emissions according to Busines As Usual in order to achieve the target reduction of GHG emissions. Our results showed that GHG emissions in Chungbuk and Korea have been increasing since 1990 owing to population and economic growth. GHG emissions in 2018 in Chungbuk were very low (3.9 %) relative to the national value. Moreover, emissions from fuel combustion, such as cement and lime production, manufacturing and construction industries, and transportation industries, were the main sources. Furthermore, the 2030 target of GHG emission reduction in Chungbuk was set at 40.2% relative to the 2018 value, in accordance with the 2030 NDC and 2050 carbon-zero national scenario. Therefore, when projected emissions were considered, the prospected reduction to achieve the target reduction of GHG emissions was estimated to be 46.8% relative to 2018. The above results highlight the importance of meeting the prospected reduction of GHG emissions through reduction means in each sector to achieve the national and local GHG reduction target. In addition, to achieve the 2030 NDC and 2050 carbon zero, the country and each local government, including Chungbuk, need to estimate projected emissions by year, determine reduction targets and prospect reductions every year, and prepare specific means to reduce GHG emissions.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.183-193
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• 2012

In this study, the S University's energy usage, greenhouse gas emissions situation and potential reduction amount were analyzed using a long-term energy analysis model, LEAP. In accordance with the VISION 2020 and university's own improvement plans, S University plans to complete a second campus through expansion constructions by 2020 and by allocating the needed land. Accordingly, increases in energy usage and greenhouse gas emissions seem inevitable. Hence, in this study, the calculations of potential reduction amount by 2020 were attempted through the use of LEAP model by categorizing the energy used based on usage types and by proposing usage typebased reduction methods. There were a total of 4 scenarios: a standard scenario that predicted the energy usage without any additional energy reduction activity; energy reduction scenario using LED light replacement; energy reduction scenario using high efficiency building equipment; and a scenario that combines these two energy reduction scenarios. As scenario-based results, it was ascertained that, through the scenario that had two other energy reduction scenarios combined, the 2020 greenhouse gas emissions amount would be 14,916 tons of $CO_2eq$, an increase of 43.7% compared to the 2010 greenhouse gas emissions amount. Put differently, it was possible to derive a result of about 23.7% reduction of the greenhouse gas emissions amount for S University's greenhouse gas emissions amount through energy reduction activities. In terms of energy reduction methods, changing into ultra-high efficiency building equipment would deliver the most amount of reduction.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.280-287
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• 2012

The sources of greenhouse gases (GHG) at Hanyang University Ansan campus, including direct sources, indirect sources, and others, were investigated in order to establish the GHG inventory. Emission of GHG was calculated with the energy use from each source from 2007 and 2009. The indirect emission (56.7%) due to the electricity significantly contributed to total GHG emission. The scenario for the GHG reduction was designed for both campus administration and members. The reduction potential of GHG was simulated from 2007 to 2020 using Long-range Energy Alternatives Planning (LEAP) model. In case of GHG reduction scenario by campus administration, the GHG can be reduced by 63.34 ton $CO_{2eq}/yr$ for stationary combustion in the direct source, by 221.1 ton $CO_{2eq}/yr$ for mobile combustion in the direct source, and by 4,637.34 ton $CO_{2eq}/yr$ for lighting in the indirect source, compared to 2020 Business As Usual (BAU). In case of GHG reduction action scenario by campus members, the reduction potential of GHG was 1293.76 ton $CO_{2eq}/yr$. Overall, the total GHG emissions in 2020 by the both scenarios can be decreased by 24% compared to 2020 BAU.

• 에너지협의회보
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• s.76
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• pp.38-43
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• 2006

2007년이면 온실가스 배출통계 시스템 구축이 완료된다. 산자부는 에너지∙산업공정부문 배출통계 작성, 관리에 관한 법적근거를 에너지기본법에 신설하고, 『온실가스통계 DB구축 추진협의회』를 구성, 온실가스 인벤토리시스템(KONIS：Korean National Inventry System)을 구축한다. 또한 산업, 가정∙상업, 수송부문 최종소비단계의 온실가스 배출량 조사를 추진하여 국가에너지종합정보DB를 구축한다. 산자부는 온실가스통계 체계 구축을 통해 기술적, 경제적 감축잠재량을 분석하고, 정부-산업계가 수용 가능한 수준의 자발적 감축규모를 산정할 계획이다. 이를 통해 Post-2012 국제협상에 대비한 우리나라 대응전략을 수립하고, 산업계의 기후변화협약 대응능력과 조기감축 노력을 촉진할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.143-160
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• 2010

This paper estimate the $CO_2$ reduction potential that can be achieved by improving the technical efficiency of input factors in the manufacturing sector. Technical efficiency in each manufacturing firm was estimated using the DEA technique. Depending on the returns-to-scale assumption selected, average technical efficiency was estimated to be between 0.467 and 0.643. These estimates suggest that, when the efficiency of electricity consumption in the manufacturing sector is improved, the overall $CO_2$ emissions can be reduced by 17.1-25.5%. Recently, the Korean government has adopted a low-carbon-green-growth policy with the goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 30% below the BAU level by year 2020. The analysis of the paper suggests that this goal can be achieved through improved efficiency of electricity consumption.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.36 no.7
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• pp.506-513
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• 2014

The objective of this study is to establish the greenhouse gases (GHG) inventories and estimate the GHG reduction plans for Daegu University from 2009 to 2011. The annual average of GHG emissions in Daegu University was estimated to be 19,413 ton $CO_2$ eq during the study period. Emissions of electricity usage in Scope 2 most contributed about 55.4% of the total GHG emissions. Also, GHG emissions of Scope 2, Scope 1, and Scope 3 contributed 60.4%, 22.6%, and 17.0%, respectively. In order to estimate reduction potential of GHG, the Long-range Energy Alternatives Planning (LEAP) model was calculated using three scenarios such as sensor installation, LED replacement, and solar facility. The GHG will be reduced by 1,656 ton $CO_2$ eq for LED scenario, by 1,041 ton $CO_2$ eq for sensor scenario, and by 737 ton $CO_2$ eq for solar scenario compared to 2020 business as usual (BAU). Therefore, the total GHG emissions in 2020 apply three scenarios can be reduced by 15% compared with 2020 BAU.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.211-219
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• 2013

This study uses the LEAP model that is a long-term energy analysis model to analyze reduction potential on S city residential sector energy usage for greenhouse gas emission. Energy consumption of S-si in 2009 is consumed most in residential and commerce sector by 39.1%. Also, energy and greenhouse gas emission of residential sector is expected to increase due to increase of households. Therefore, greenhouse gas reduction measures are desperately required in residential sector. For this study recognizes energy consumption of S-si residential sector and has established reduction measure of S-si residential sector greenhouse gas through literature search on domestic and foreign climate change correspondence policies. Also, construction of greenhouse gas reduction potential by reduction measures through LEAP model. There were a total of 5 reduction measures scenarios is Reference Scenario, LED Lighting, Energy Alternative, Green Life Practice, and Total Reduction Measure. As a result, greenhouse gas emission of Light Emitting Diode Lightings by 2020 was $1,181.0thousand\;tonCO_2eq$, decrease of 6.1% compared to the Reference Scenario and Greenhouse gas emission of Energy Alternative by 2020 was $1,171.6thousand\;tonCO_2eq$, decrease of 6.8% compared to the Reference Scenario. Greenhouse gas emission of Green Life Practice by 2020 was $1,128.7thousand\;tonCO_2eq$, decrease of 10.2% compared to the Reference Scenario. For Total Reduction Measures by 2020 emission was $966.9thousand\;tonCO_2eq$, decrease 23.1% compared to Reference Scenario.

• Clean Technology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.439-448
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• 2014

The potential mitigation of greenhouse gas (GHG) is studied in the Pohang steel industrial complex (PHSIC). The total GHG emission in 2010 is estimated to be in the range from 4,174,000 to 4,574,000 $tCO_2-eq$ in PHSIC. To meet the target proposed by the government, it is needed to reduce 552,000 $tCO_2-eq$ at minium by 2020. To estimate the potential amount of GHG reduction, the technologies used in the voluntary carbon reduction projects are applied to 51 companies which are subject to GHG target management. From the viewpoint of technological availability and payback period, the fuel conversion and waste heat recovery have an advantage in the short term with a possibility to reduce 160,000 $tCO_2-eq$. In the mid term, the thermal technologies in steel and iron industry have the potential to cut 229,000 $tCO_2-eq$, while the electrical technologies have the potential of 125,000 $tCO_2-eq$ reduction. The gap between the target GHG mitigation and potential reduction using the short and mid term technologies is about 38,000 $tCO_2-eq$, which should be compensated by the fundamental process innovation and the implementation of the most cutting-edge technologies including renewable energy.