• Review of Culture and Economy
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.121-146
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• 2016

Local governments have absolute authority for the policy and budget. So the backgrounds of local cultural foundation managers vary depending on whether the priorities are close relationship with upper institutions and organizational stability or whether the managers are asked to conduct autonomous management based on professionalism to boost the development of local culture. There are conflicting opinions about managers of local cultural foundations; some argue that administrators are desirable as they can not only maintain close relationship with the local government but also establish and maintain organizational stability. Others argue that cultural art experts are desirable for professional and effective management. However, the conflict and debate kept going on without clarifying objective facts how those completely different backgrounds, such as administrators and cultural art experts, make the characteristics of managers different. In this regard, this study divides the managers of The National Local Cultural Foundations Association into administrator group and cultural art expert group. By comparing and analyzing their characteristics, This study will enhance the professionalism and efficiency of each group.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.580-580
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• 2016

기후변화의 영향으로 전세계적으로 이상 기후 및 자연재해가 증가하면서 재난을 효과적으로 관리하기 위한 법체계 및 제도에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 재난관리의 법과 제도적 측면에 대한 연구는 공학 및 기술적 연구에 비해 충분히 이루어지지 않고 있다. 특히 재난관리에 대해 많은 경험을 축적해온 선진국가의 재난관리체제에 대한 연구는 아직 미비한 수준이라 할 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 영국의 재난관리체제를 법과 제도를 중심으로 분석하고 한국에 필요한 시사점을 도출한다. 영국의 재난관리 체제는 지방정부가 재난대응에 있어서 주도적인 역할을 수행하고 중앙정부는 대응 가이드라인을 제시하고 지원 및 조정업무를 수행하는 분산적 재난대응체제라 할 수 있다. 중앙정부에는 재해를 전담하는 조직이 별도로 구성되어 있지 않고 지방행정조직이 지역특정에 맞게 위기관리계획을 수립하고 집행한다. 지역별로는 지방정부, 기업, 시민단체로 구성된 민관협력체인 위기관리포럼을 형성하여 재난에 대처한다. 반면 한국의 재난대응체제는 중앙집권적이며 국민안전처가 재해전담조직으로서 역할을 하고 있으나 영국과 같은 민관협력체는 발달하지 않았다는 차이점을 발견할 수 있다. 영국과 한국의 재난관리체제를 비교해 볼 때 다음과 같은 법 제도적 개선방안을 제시할 수 있다. 첫째, 분산되어 있는 재난관리 기본법을 하나로 통폐합할 필요가 있다. 둘째, 지방정부의 재난대응권한을 강화해야 하며 특히 인력과 예산이 재난에 적절히 대응할 수 있는 수준으로 조정되어야 한다. 세째, 지방수준에서 재난대응 관련 기관들간 조정 및 협력을 할 수 있는 체제가 강화되어야 한다. 네째, 민간단체를 재난대응체제에 조직적으로 참여시킬 수 있도록 해야 한다. 이를 위해서는 주민단위의 방재조직이 공공부분과 효과적으로 협조할 수 있도록 할 수 있는 제도적 틀이 필요하다. 다섯째, 재난대응단계 설정에 있어 예방에 앞서 지역의 특성에 따라 예방업무를 효과적으로 수행할 수 있도록 진단하는 평가단계를 추가하는 것을 고려해야 한다.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.82-103
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• 2017

Systems operating construction expenses for preservation and repair of the architectural heritage may be divided into two in the Japanese colonial era. They are preservation cost nd preservation cost-aided constructions, according to the ownership of a building. Preservation cost construction refers to preservation and repair of government-owned buildings that Japanese Government General of Korea had the ownership and the right of management, and preservation cost-aided construction means preservation and repair of private buildings such as Buddhist temples. In the case of preservation and repair of buildings owned by the government, it was done by the Japanese Government General of Korea, so the same agent executed the budget and managed the properties. They included royal tombs and relics, old government offices, Hyanggyo and some Seowon. On the other hand, in the case of preservation and repair of private buildings, they were private properties, so Japanese Government General of Korea had rights only for permission of preservation and repair. If there was a request for .preservation and repair by an owner, the Japanese Government General of Korea decided on whether it would support its expenses or not and played a role of management and supervision. It applied to Buddhist shrines and pagodas owned by Buddhist temples and shrines and temples owned by individuals and families. Hence, in the case of government-owned buildings, because the preservation cost was spent from the Japanese Government General of Korea's budget for investigation expenses of historical remains or repair expenses of Jeolleung and ruins, they were classified into preservation cost constructions. As for private buildings, the cost was spent from their budget for aiding preservation expenses, so they were classified into preservation cost-aided constructions. Because preservation cost construction and preservation cost-aided construction were conducted by two different agents, there were a little difference in procedures for executing a construction. There was no big difference in the general progress of constructions but was an administrative difference in the kinds of documents submitted and the roles of field supervisors. Such dual systems remained unimproved throughout the Japanese colonial era. The Japanese Government General of Korea was the colonial government so much influenced by the Japanese Government. Most Japanese architectural heritage was owned by Buddhist temples and Shinto shrines and there was almost no building owned by the government, resulting in a unitary system unlike Korea. Heritage system by the Japanese Government General of Korea was established under the influence of Japan regardless of the situation in Korea. Accordingly, Japanese Government General of Korea could not present a definite solution in the bisected system of preservation and repair expenses for the heritage. It shows the limits of the Japanese Government General of Korea in the colonial era.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.450-460
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• 2015

Metropolitan-wide economic region policy which was enforced by Lee Myeongbak government was a timely policy at least to Dongnam region. However, examining the activities and outcomes of Dongnam Regional Development Committee, there are many doubts about the policy as metropolitan-wide governance. Dongnam Regional Development Committee had many operational problems. It had few independent labor force and low budget. Also its authority was limited. Above all, its purpose and function was unclear. As a result, the policy was abolished as new government suceeded. Henceforth Dongnam region needs metropolitan-wide governance for metropolitan-wide economic development. If an organization which supports industrial and regional development of Dongnam region would be reestablished, the orientation of governance has to be determined. In this case, the main function of the organization would be researching about Dongnam metropolitan-wide economic region, and suggesting and recommending metropolitanwide development strategy. For the benchmark of the organization, Metropolitan Planning Organization of the US, Joint Venture at Silicon Valley and Regio Randstad of the Netherlands would be appropriate. Above organizations receive budgets from central and regional government and private sector. They research about regional economics and urban development which is comprehensive and metropolitan-wide and could not be done by local government alone.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.195-210
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• 2016

The study Development of the Agricultural Cooperative in Cambodia seek to explore the progress of agricultural cooperative( AC) development in Cambodia and South Korea. The experiences of Korea AC development are used to improve the Cambodian ACs. The results of study gave a lessons that the Korea ACs, which were multipurpose cooperatives were formed and owned by the government and had been considered as a successful development strategy for rural and agricultural development. As the government directly managed the businesses and other operations, available budgets, close with monitoring, and active member's participation the AC in Korea progressed rapidly for both the members and business scopes and it hugely contributed to rural development of Korea. For the future development of AC in Cambodia recommendations based on lessons from Korea AC will give a message to government and NGO. Rural Development always related with farmer's life. To live well in rural area provide effective mechanism to income increase. To development of AC in Cambodia is future of rural development.

• Journal of Information Management
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.131-161
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• 2008

Recently electronic journal articles prevail throughout researchers because of the development of internet and electronic publishing technology. It is caused by limited collection development budget, lack of physical storage space for printed journals in libraries, and the user convenience of web services. But from the view of ownership, electronic journals can be unfavorable to information users or libraries who cannot have the permanent right to access all the subscribed journals. Actually the libraries only have right to access journals for subscription periods in using electronic journals. So the users and libraries are willing to purchase printed journals in spite of high cost. As an basis for collaborative collection development and sharing preservation of Korean libraries for the foreign journals, the data analysis is carried out for the journals collection in terms of regional distribution, overlapping status, and journal subject. And the considerables are discussed for collaborative strategic collection development, which means the reduction of overlapped subscription and maximization of utilization in a national standpoint.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.585-599
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• 2022

This study examines the types and characteristics of the policy instruments of Korea's higher education policies since the Lee Myung-bak administration. To this end, McDonnell and Elmore (1987)'s types of policy instruments were adopted and the higher education policy tasks announced by the Ministry of Education were classified by sector and type. As a result of the analysis, Korea's higher education policy showed a tendency to gradually shift from 'mandates' to 'inducements' and 'capacity building'. Despite this trend, however, in policy tasks such as university evaluation, the Lee Myung-bak, Park Geun-hye, and Moon Jae-in administrations all maintained policy instruments that combine 'mandates' and 'inducements'. Third, the 'system change' based on a market-oriented mechanism was used only in the Lee Myung-bak administration, and was not adopted in the higher education policies of the Park Geun-hye and Moon Jae-in administrations. In the field of global and industry-university cooperation at universities, it is encouraging that the Lee Myung-bak administration to the Moon Jae-in administration have steadily introduced policy instrument of 'capacity building', but in the fields of specialization and competitiveness enhancement, policies centered on 'mandates' and 'inducements' was using the policy instrument.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.145-173
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to verify that several theories explaining the determinants of welfare expenditure is applied to the family policy expenditure and to find out if there' re unique determinants of the family policy expenditure. We analyzed the data (OECD 14 countries for 1980~2005) by pooled time series analysis. As for industrialization theory, female labor force participation rate has positive effect on family policy expenditure while population under 15-year children has negative effect, which refers to the demand of family policies is that of female workers, not children's. Power resource theory is applied to the determinants of family policy expenditure as those of welfare expenditure. Women's political & economic empowerment has partly positive effects on family policy expenditure, which is the evidence of the effectiveness of feminist theory. In the institutional theory, we verified the effect of policy legacy but couldn't find out the crowding-out effect. The theoretical implication of this study is the empirical verification of the theories explaining the determinants of welfare expenditure being applied to the family policy expenditure. We also suggested the political and institutional foundation to effectively respond to the new social risks in spite of budget constraints, which can be a policy implication.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.155-165
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• 2021

The measures to extend local education autonomy are as follows: First, it is necessary to correct the confusion of the legal system of the local education autonomy system. For this, Article 12, Paragraph 2 and 4 of the 「Special Act on Local Autonomy and Decentralization, and Restructuring of Local Administrative Systems」 which state that "The State shall endeavor to consolidate systems for autonomy in education and local government" and "The implementation of autonomy in education and the autonomous police system shall be prescribed separately by Acts" should be deleted. Second, it is necessary to clarify unnecessary legal matters and regulatory measures for unification at the national level and to proactively consider the introduction of the legal trust system, in which education affairs are designated as local governments' own work and the state carries out specific affairs. The decentralization of local education finance is a key factor for the development of local education autonomy, and it requires the transfer of authority and resources to the region, and the enhancement of local autonomy and corresponding responsibility. First, the ratio of special grants must be adjusted further (from 3% to 2%) or the ratio of national policy projects must be lowered. Second, the provision that requires a consultation with a mayor/governor when making a budget covered by transfers from general accounts should be deleted. Third, it is necessary to remove the elements that limit the authority of city and provincial councils. Fourth, it is necessary to integrate the national education tax and the local education tax to create the education autonomy tax (tentative name) for only one independent purpose. Fifth, it is necessary to strengthen the distribution of the total amount of grants and abolish the settlement regulations for the measurement items of standard financial demand. Sixth is the expansion of the participation of stakeholders and experts in the grant distribution process. Seventh, it is necessary to establish a long-term employment system by designating the education finance field as a special field. Eight is the expansion of cooperative governance.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.163-170
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• 2015

The interest of the people in the radioactive contamination of the water has increased significantly and the study about analysis and management of radioactive materials are being actively conducted. And monitoring spots have been expanded to the range of public water as well as drinking water by publishing the rule of drinking water quality standards and examination in the Environmental Enforcement Ordinance No. 553 of Korea. In this study, US EPA was investigated as the foreign advanced cases and the way that is appropriate for the Korea was sought by analyzing investigate radionuclide, interval and management. As a result, in the selection part of investigate radionuclide, geological survey, status of nuclear power plants and the presence of the use of artificial radionuclides of the Korea should be investigated and additionally after the selection of a few radionuclides, the systems should be extended to cover all possible radionuclides by considering radioactive pollution levels in humans may be exposed due to the annual drinking water. In the part of the investigate interval, the concept(MCL, DL) should be set up for preventing concentration detection of above MCL and it needs to the maintenance and management. For example, when the concentration is more than MCL, it should be investigated on a quarterly and when the concentration is lower than MCL, it should be investigated to each different interval and management. And the US EPA divided the management area and make the roadmap for managing drinking water. The each classified area has been organized to match the state budget and labor force and the individual data have been managed effectively by HPGe, the NaI, TLD and so on.