• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.253-271
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• 2011

This study examined the effects of infants' and toddlers' temperament and mothers' parenting self-efficacy on parenting behavior. Two hundred and thirty-two mothers with infants and toddlers completed the questionnaires regarding children's temperament, parenting self-efficacy and parenting behavior. The collected data were analysed by correlations and pathway analysis. The results were as follows: First, infants' and toddlers' temperament directly and indirectly through mothers' parenting self-efficacy affected affectionate and permissive-uninvolved parenting behavior. Second, mothers' parenting self-efficacy directly affected affectionate, authoritarian and permissive-uninvolved parenting behavior and mediated between children's temperament and mothers' parenting behavior. Additionally the most important variable predicting mothers' affectionate and permissive-uninvolved parenting behavior was infants' and toddlers' temperament, and the most important variable for authoritarian parenting behavior was mothers' parenting self-efficacy.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.27-47
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics of a good teacher of infants from the perspective of working mothers from double-income families in light of the direct and indirect relationships between working mothers and teachers. The subjects in this study were six working mothers from double-income families that had infants who attended N and S daycare centers in the city of Chunan. An in-depth interview was implemented individually. The findings of the study were as follows: First, as for the looks of a good teacher in terms of teacher-infant relationships, the working mothers perceived that a good teacher of infants should be like a mother, try to step up the growth and change of infants and play with them with pleasure. Second, concerning the looks of a good teacher of infants in terms of teacher-mother relationships, the working mothers felt that a good teacher should serve as an emotional supporter for mothers and as one who could help mothers acquire more child rearing knowledge. Third, regarding the looks of a good teacher in terms of an educator, the mothers perceived that a good teacher of infants should be steady, genuine, professional and cooperative.

• Proceedings of the KHMA Conference
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• 2012.11a
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• pp.371-371
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• 2012

• 건강소식
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• v.19 no.6 s.199
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• pp.62-65
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• 1995

• Proceedings of the KHMA Conference
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• 2013.11a
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• pp.215-215
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• 2013

• Proceedings of KHEA Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.173-173
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• 2004

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.179-197
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• 2010

The present study investigated how mothers with infants and toddlers obtain information about parenting and examined the nature of maternal parenting knowledge in order to evaluate the quality of the information. The mothers' age and educational level were included in the analysis as a influential factor on parenting knowledge. Four hundred and twenty-nine mothers with infants and toddlers completed the questionnaires issued regarding the source and content of parenting information and parenting knowledge. The results indicated that the mothers with only one child preferred to utilize their friends and relatives as their primary source of information and the mothers with more than one child acquired parenting information from their own previous experience. Second, the subjects were most interested in acquiring information related to physical development and medical problems. Third, the main effects of all independent variables were found. In addition, the interactional effects between the educational level and source of parenting information for the mother with only one child and the interactional effects between age and source of parenting information for the mother with more than one child were determined as a result of this study. These results indicate that there are some high-risk groups when it comes to the acquisition of parenting knowledge and we suggest providing valid and reliable information to these most vulnerable groups.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.183-199
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• 2007

This longitudinal study investigated developmental changes in temperament and examined social adjustment problems by early temperamental characteristics and developmental patterns of temperamental change during infancy. Subjects were 153 six-month-old infants and their mothers. Infant temperament and toddler's problem behavior were measured by the Infant Behavior Questionnaire-Revised (Garstein & Rothbart, 2003) and the Toddler Behavior Checklist (Larzelere et al., 1989), respectively. Results showed that distress to limitations, high pleasure, perceptual sensitivity, and approach increased with age, while activity level, cuddliness, and vocal reactivity decreased. Infants with high scores in activity level, fear, sadness, and approach at 6 months showed more problem behaviors at 18 months. Infants showing abrupt developmental change of high pleasure and perceptual sensitivity developed more negative behavior.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.83-91
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• 2007

Purpose : Childhood primary VUR is generally diagnosed after urinary tract infection, is more prevalent among girls and has a low spontaneous resolution rate in cases of severe VUR. The aim of the present study is to examine the age and gender-related characteristics and the spontaneous resolution rate of infantile primary VUR. Methods : The medical records of 96 infants with primary VUR, diagnosed after their first UTI, were retrospectively reviewed(1995-2004). The clinical characteristics including gender, the degree of VUR and presence of renal scars were evaluated. The spontaneous resolution rate and contributing factors were also analyzed Results : Infantile primary VUR was more prevalent in males than females. The percentage of atrophic scarred kidney was significantly higher in males than females(17.2% vs 3.4%) (P<0.05). The cumulative spontaneous resolution rate in 3 years was very high(89.1%), and was not significantly different between gender and among VUR grades. But in the first year, the spontaneous resolution rate of severe refluxing ureters was significantly higher in males than in females(46.2% vs 7.1%)(P<0.05) and the spontaneous resolution rate of refluxing ureters with no scarred kidneys was significantly higher than those associated with atrophic scarred kidneys(76.6% vs 20%)(P<0.05). Conclusion : Infantile Primary VUR was more prevalent among males and tends to be associated with atrophic scarred kidneys In male infants. The cumulative spontaneous resolution rate in 3 years was very high, even in high-grade VUR and associated atrophic scarred kidneys. In infantile primary VUR, surgery should be withheld even in infants with high-grade VUR with atrophic scarred kidneys.

• Proceedings of KHEA Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.188-188
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• 2004