• The Korean Journal of Petroleum Geology
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• v.7 no.1_2 s.8
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• pp.35-40
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• 1999

Chemical and isotopic compositions of hydrocarbon gases were analyBed to characterize the properties of the shallow gases distributed in the southeastern part of the Ulleung Basin, offshore Korea. Sediments from the core were also analyzed to determine the characteristics and relationship to shallow gases. Hydrocarbon gases in the sediments consisted of methane (697.9-6054.4 ppm), ethane, propane, butane and hexane. The total carbon content of the sediments ranges from 1.84fe to $5.11{\%}$ and the total organic carbon content ranges from $0.29{\%} \;to\; 2.65{\%}$. High C/N ratio (>10) indicates that input of terrestrial organic matter was prevalent at the time of deposition. The methane content and stable isotopic data indicate that hydrocarbon gases from the sediments are identified to be thermogenic gas and mixture of both biogenic and thermal gases. Based on the Rock-Eval and carbon isotopic data, the level of thermal maturity of organic matter in the sediments $(Tmax<425^{\circ}C)$ is lower than that of gas. It suggests that thermal gases in the sediments migrated from the deeper sediments than the penetrated depth.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.71-85
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• 2014

To study biogeochemical characteristics and origin organic matter, sediment samples were taken from Site of 1249C and Stie 1251B of ODP Leg 204. Data of Rock-Eval, isotope, and element analysis generally indicate dominance of marine organic matter in sediments deposited under marine sedimentary environment. Only Rock-Eval data are somewhat different from those of others owing to under-maturation of organic matter. Samples of Site 1249C show high content of gas hydrate, whereas Site 1251B low content of gas hydrate in some intervals of the core. This result may be accounted to different location of two cores and presence of transportation passage (Horizon A, BSR 2) of thermogenic gas in the core, 1249 C. However, Site 1251B Located in the basin of low accumulation of gas hydrate is presumed to be limited in the gas hydrate production. Because not only transportation passage is limited to move thermogenic gas from the core, but also gas supply was not enough. Therefore, the biogenic gas that resulted from diagenesis of there sediment is superior.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.622-625
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• 2005

본 연구의 목적은 동해 울릉분지 천부퇴적층의 공극수와 메탄의 특징 및 상호작용을 규명하는데 있다. 울릉분지에서 채취한 코어에서 공극수를 추출하여 분석한 결과, 공극수의 황산염 농도가 퇴적물의 심도가 증가할수록 감소하며, 감소하는 경향은 크게 세 가지 (직선성, concave down, upward kink)로 나뉨을 알 수 있었다. 이는 모든 코어에서 황산염 환원작용이 일어나고 있음을 지시한다 황산염 농도의 수직적 구배를 이용하여 SMI (sulfate-methane interface) 심도를 계산하면, 남부울릉분지가 북부울릉분지보다 낮은 값을 갖는다. 반면에 메탄 농도는 퇴적물의 심도가 증가할수록 전반적으로 증가하며, 공간적으로는 남부 울릉분지가 북부울릉보지보다 높다. 또한 남부울릉분지에서 메탄가스 농도는 SMI 심도 아래에서 급격히 증가한다 메탄가스의 탄소 안정동위원소$(\delta^{13}C)$ 분석 값들은 대부분 $-60\%_{\circ}$이하로서 이는 메탄가스가 열기원 보다는 박테리아기원임을 지시해준다 또한 남부 울릉분지에서 메탄의 탄소 안정동위원소 분석 값들은 메탄농도가 증가할수록 낮은 값을 보여 주는 데 이러한 결과들은 남부 울릉분지에서 무산소 메탄 산화작용이 일어나고 있음을 지시하고, 메탄의 상향 분산 (diffusion)량이 북부 울릉분지보다 많이 일어난다는 것을 의미한다. 공극수내 황산염 이온 농도 구배와 메탄가스 농도를 종합적으로 고려할 때, 울릉분지에서 가스하이드레이트의 부존가능성은 북부 울룽분지보다 남부 울릉분지가 높은 것으로 추정된다.

• The Korean Journal of Petroleum Geology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.24-29
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• 2007

The main purpose of this study is to identify the shallow gas origin in the KSSM zone. Based on the results of gas composition and isotope in the headsapace gas, the shallow gas is mainly composed of methane and carbon and deuterium isotopes (${\delta}^{13}CCH_4$ and ${\delta}DCH_4$) of methane has ranged from -93.4%o to -70.9%, and from -228%o to -199%o in each. These results imply that shallow gas has predominately biogenic source by $CO_2$ reduction rather than thermogenic. The carbon isotopic separation (${\varepsilon}_c$) between methane and carbon dioxide $(CO_2)$ has a range of 54.4 to 72.2, it also supports biogenic origin of shallow gas.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.188-193
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• 2000

A more accurate life prediction for gas turbine blade takes into account the material behavior under the complex thermo-mechanical fatigue(TMF) cycles normally encountered in turbine operation. An experimental program has been carried out to address the thermo-mechanical fatigue life of the IN738LC nickel-base superalloy. In the first phase of the study, out-of-phase and in-phase TMF experiments have been performed on uncoated and coated materials. In the temperature range investigated. the deposition of NiCrAlY air plasma sprayed coating did not affect the fatigue resistance. In the second phase of the study, a physically-base life prediction model that takes into account of the contribution of different damage mechanisms has been applied. This model was able to reflect the temperature and strain rate dependences of isothermal cycling fatigue lives, and the strain-temperature history effect on the thermo-mechanical fatigue lives.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2010.10a
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• pp.319-323
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• 2010

건축물의 창문 등에서 분출하는 화염 특성은 건축물의 화재안전성을 확보하는데 중요한 과제이다. 본 연구에서는 분출화염의 특성을 파악하여 건축물의 화재안전설계에 활용하기 위해 축소모형을 이용하여 화재실험을 실행하였다. 실험에서는 소규모 모형을 제작하고 가스버너를 화원으로 하여 개구부와 화원의 크기에 따른 분출열기류의 온도분포성상을 파악하였다.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.38 no.3 s.172
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• pp.335-346
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• 2005

In this study, core sediments and pore water were analysed to identify the origin of organic matter and Bas in late Quaternary sediments from the northwestern Ulleung Basin of the East Sea. C/N and C/S ratios in the sediments show that the organic matter in the study area originated predominantly from marine algae. However, the results of Rock-Eval pyrolysis indicate that the organic matter has an origin of the land-plant (Type III), locating in the immature stage. These different results might be due to the heavy oxidizing of the organic matter during sinking down to the seafloor or after deposition in the sediments. Concentration of sulfate in the pore water decreases gradually with core depth, while concentration of $CH_4$ increases gradually with core depth. This indicates that sulfate reduction and methanogenesis occurred actively in the sediments. Also, it is likely that the compositions of $CH_4$ are characterized as a more biogenic origin, mostly caused by microbial activity, rather than a thermogenic one.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.261-271
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• 2022

Six gas samples were collected from coal and coaly shale from core AA-1, which was acquired from the Asem-Asem Basin, southeast Kalimantan, Indonesia. These coalbed gas samples were analyzed for the molecular composition, carbon isotope (δ¹³C_CH4, δ¹³C_C2, and δ¹³C_CO2), hydrogen isotope (δD_CH4), hydrocarbon index (C_HC), and carbon dioxide-methane index (CDMI) to document their origin and methanogenic pathways. Core AA-1 successively consists of lower clastic sedimentary rocks (Sedimentary Unit-1, SU-1) containing coal and coaly shale, and upper limestone (Sedimentary Unit-2, SU-2), unconformably underlain by serpentinized basement interpreted as part of the Cretaceous Meratus subduction complex (MSC). The coal and coaly shale (SU-1) were deposited in a marshes nearby a small-scale river. Compositions of coalbed gases show that methane ranges from 87.35 to 95.29% and ethane ranges from 3.65 to 9.97%. Carbon isotope of coalbed methane (δ¹³C_CH4) ranges from -60.3 to -58.8‰, while hydrogen isotope (δD_CH4) ranges from -252.9 to -252.1‰. Carbon isotope of coalbed ethane (δ¹³C_C2) ranges from -32.8 to -31.2‰, carbon isotope of coalbed carbon dioxide (δ¹³C_CO2) ranges from -8.6 to -6.2‰. The coalbed CO₂ is interpreted to be an abiogenic origin based on a combination of δ¹³C_CO2 and CDMI and could have been transported from underlying CO₂ bearing MSC through faults. The methanogenic pathways of coalbed gases are interpreted to have originated from primary methyl-type fermentation and mixed with CO₂ reduction, affecting thermogenic non-marine coal-type gases based on analyses of isotopic ratios and various indexes.

• Composites Research
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.66-72
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• 2016

Porosity in polymer matrix composites increases rapidly during thermochemical decomposition at high temperatures. The generation of pores reduces elastic moduli and failure strengths of composite materials, and gas pressures in internal pores influence thermomechanical behaviors. In this paper, micromechanical finite element analysis is carried out by using two-dimensional representative volume elements for unidirectionally fiber-reinforced composites with porous matrix. According to the state of the pores, effective elastic moduli, poroelastic parameters and failure strengths of the overall composites are investigated in detail. In particular, it is confirmed that the failure strengths in the transvers and through-thickness directions are predicted much more weakly than the strength of nonpored matrix, and decrease consistently as the porosity of matrix increases.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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• 2011.03a
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• pp.83-83
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• 2011

나노섬유는 마이크로 섬유에 비해 $10^3$배 정도의 넓은 표면적을 가지며, 다른 섬유와 비교하여 유연성, 투습성과 같은 특성이 우수하다. 나노섬유의 제조방법은 여러 가지가 있으나, 상용화의 가능성, 적용 고분자의 다양성, 제조공정의 단순성, 다양한 제품기술에의 응용성 등을 고려하여 선택하여야 한다. 나노섬유의 제조기술은 방법에 따라 전기방사, 복합방사, 멜트블로운 공정, 에어레이드 공정, 습식 공정 등으로 나눌 수 있다. 전기방사 등 나노섬유를 대량생산하여 상용화하려는 노력을 지속적으로 하고 있으나 나노섬유의 염색가공에 관련되어 기술적 한계로 제품전개에 많은 어려움을 겪고 있다. 그리하여 본 연구에서는 나노섬유 단독으로 제품화하기에는 강도 등의 문제로 PET에 워터펀칭한 복합소재로 개발하여 900nm 이하의 나노섬유에 대한 최적의 날염조건과 현장적용 생산기술을 개발하고자 하였다. 나노섬유 복합소재에 대하여 Brown, Red, Blue, Black 색상의 안료와 Urethane, Rubber, Acrylic, Eco Binder를 사용하여 날염 실험하였으며, 최적의 조건으로 현장생산에 적용하여 생산하였다. 안료의 고착성을 높여 날염성과 염색견뢰도를 증진시키기 위하여 원적외선 열처리기를 개발하여 현장생산에 접목시켰다. 원적외선 열처리기는 벙커C유 또는 가스 등을 사용하는 텐터나 증열기와는 다르게 전기를 에너지원으로 하여 원적외선 램프를 이용한 건열시스템의 형태로 저공해 및 그린 형태의 열처리기 시스템으로, 섬유에 대한 원적외선의 조사거리, 원적외선 램프의 간격, 적용 온도, 원단이송 속도 등에 따른 최적의 원적외선 열처리기 날염조건을 설정하였다. 바인더에 따른 날염성은 우레탄계 바인더를 사용하였을 경우에 가장 선명하고 깊은 색상을 보였으며, 아크릴계 바인더의 경우가 가장 낮은 색상을 보였으며 염색견뢰도는 대체적으로 양호한 결과를 얻었다. 그리고, 최근 환경적인 추세에 맞추어 에코 바인더를 사용하여 날염한 결과 염색성과 내구성 등은 우레탄계와 아크릴계 바인더의 중간 정도의 결과를 보였다.