• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.42 no.3 s.120
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• pp.405-420
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• 2007

This study is intended to analyze and evaluate the effects of Seomjingang Dam and Soyanggang Dam Catchment on water circulation in order to examine water balance change of watershed by climate change. Obviously, air temperature and precipitation showed a gradually increasing trend for the past 30 years; evapotranspiration vary in areas and increasing annual average air temperature is not always proportional to increasing evapotranspiration. Based on Penman-FAO24, climatic water balance methods and measured values are shown to be significantly related with each other and to be available in Korea. It is certainly recognized that increasing annual rainfall volume leads to increasing annual runoff depth; for fluctuation in annual runoff rates, there are some difference in changes in measured values and calculated values. It is presumably early to determine that climate changes has a significant effect on runoff characteristic at dam catchment. It is widely known that climate changes are expected to cause many difficulties in water resources and disaster management. To take appropriate measures, deeper understanding is necessary for climatological conditions and variability of hydrology and to have more careful prospection and to accumulate highly reliable knowledge would be prerequisites for hydrometric network.

• Journal of the Korean Geophysical Society
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.135-145
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• 2006

The surface temperature and hydrological budget for the last glacial maximum (LGM) is simulatedwith an atmospheric general circulation model of NCAR CCM3 at spectral truncation of T170, corespondingto a grid cel size of roughly 75 km. LGM simulations were forced with the reconstructed CLIMAP sea surface temperatures, sea ice distribution, ice sheet topography, reduced CO2, and orbital parameters.oC in winter, 5.6oC in sumer,and 6oC annual-mean. The decrease of surface temperature leads to a weakening of the hydrologicalcycle. Global-mean precipitation decreases by about 14% in winter, 17% in summer, and 13% annually.However, some regions such as the U.S., southern Europe, northern and eastern Africa, and the SouthAmerica appear to be weter in the LGM winter and Canada and the Midle East are weter in sumer. model captures detailed climate features over land.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.65 no.4
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• pp.327-338
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• 2020

In recent years, the temperature of Korea has been rapidly increasing due to global warming. Over the past 40 years, the temperature of Korea has risen by about 1.26℃ compared to that in the early 1980s. By region, the west region of the Gangwon Province was the highest at 1.76℃ and the Jeonnam Province was the lowest at 0.96℃. As the temperature continues to rise, it is expected that the rice yield will decrease in the future using the current standard cultivation method. As a result of global warming, the periods in which rice cultivation could be possible in regions each year has increased compared those to the past, showing a wide variety from 110 days in Taebaek to 180 days in Busan and Gwangyang. In addition, the transplanting time was delayed by 3-5 days in all regions. The average annual yield of rice showed an increasing trend when we analyzed the average productivities of developed varieties for cooked rice since the 1980s, especially in the early 1990s, which showed a rapid increase in productivity. The relationship between the average temperature at the time of development and the rice yield was divided into the periods before and after 1996. The higher the average temperature, the lower the yield of the developed varieties until 1996. However, since 1996, the increase in the average temperature did not show a trend in the productivity of the developed varieties. The climate change adaptability of developed rice varieties was investigated by analyzing the results of growing crops nationwide from 1999 to 2016 and the change in the annual yields of developed varieties and recently developed varieties as basic data to investigate the growth status of the crops in the country. As a result of annual comparisons of the yields of Taebongbyeo (2000) and Ungwangbyeo (2004) developed in the early 2000s for Odaebyeo, which was developed in the 1980s, the annual yields were relatively higher in varieties in the 2000s despite the increase in temperature. The annual yields of Samgwangbyeo (2003) and Saenuribyeo (2007), which were recently developed as mid-late-type varieties, were higher than those of an earlier developed variety called Chucheongbyeo, which was developed in the 1970s. Despite the rapid increase in temperature, rice cultivation technology and variety development are well adapted to climate change. However, since the biological potential of rice could reach its limit, it is necessary to develop continuous response technology.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.558-568
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• 2021

Poor supervision and tourism activities have resulted in forest degradation in islands in Korea. Since the southern coastal region of the Korean peninsula was originally dominated by warm-temperate evergreen broad-leaved forests, it is desirable to restore forests in this region to their original vegetation. In this study, we identified suitable areas to be restored as evergreen broad-leaved forests by analyzing the environmental factors of existing evergreen broad-leaved forests in the islands of Jeollanam-do. We classified forest lands in the study area into six vegetation types from Sentinel-2 satellite images using a deep learning algorithm and analyzed the tolerance ranges of existing evergreen broad-leaved forests by measuring the locational, topographic, and climatic attributes of the classified vegetation types. Results showed that evergreen broad-leaved forests were distributed more in areas with a high altitudes and steep slope, where human intervention was relatively low. The human intervention has led to a higher distribution of evergreen broad-leaved forests in areas with lower annual average temperature, which was an unexpected but understandable result because an area with higher altitude has a lower temperature. Of the environmental factors, latitude and average temperature in the coldest month (January) were relatively less contaminated by the effects of human intervention, thus enabling the identification of suitable restoration areas of the evergreen broad-leaved forests. The tolerance range analysis of evergreen broad-leaved forests showed that they mainly grew in areas south of the latitude of 34.7° and a monthly average temperature of 1.7℃ or higher in the coldest month. Therefore, we predicted the areas meeting these criteria to be suitable for restoring evergreen broad-leaved forests. The suitable areas cover 614.5 km², which occupies 59.0% of the total forest lands on the islands of Jeollanamdo, and 73% of actual forests that exclude agricultural and other non-restorable forest lands. The findings of this study can help forest managers prepare a restoration plan and budget for island forests.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.79-95
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• 2024

The purpose of this study was to find the changes in the habitat of wild birds caused by climate change in urban rivers and protected areas that greatly require ecological functions. In the future, this study can be used as a management index to protect the urban river ecosystem and maintain the health of sustainable urban rivers, thereby ensuring biodiversity. The Tancheon Ecological and Landscape Conservation Area, selected as a target site, has been affected by climate change. The four seasons of Korea have a distinct temperate climate, but the average annual temperature in Seoul has risen by 2.4-2.8℃ over the last 40 years. Winter temperatures tended to gradually increase. Precipitation, which was concentrated from June to August, is now changing into localized torrential rain and a uniform precipitation pattern of several months. Climate change causes irregular and unforeseen features. Climate change has been shown to have various effects on urban river ecosystems. The decrease in the area of water surface and sedimentary land impacted river shape change and has led to large-scale terrestrialization. Plants showed disturbance, and the vegetation was simplified. The emergence of national climate change indicator species, the development of foreign herbaceous plants, the change of dry land native herbaceous species, and wet intelligence vegetation were developed. Wild birds appeared in the territory of winter-summer migratory. In addition, species change and the populations of migratory birds also occurred. It was judged that fluctuations in temperature and precipitation and non-predictive characteristics affect the hydrological environment, plant ecology, and wild birds connecting with the river ecosystem. The results of this study were to analyze how climate change affects the habitat of wild birds and to develop a management index for river ecological and landscape conservation areas where environmental and ecological functions in cities operate. This study can serve as a basic study at the level of ecosystem services to improve the health of urban rivers and create a foundation for biodiversity.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.14-18
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• 2006

This study was carried out to investigate the distribution and habitat characteristics of Boehmeria for utilization and conservation plan of natural agro-plant resources in South Korea. The native habitat of B. longispica Steud., B. platanifolia Fr. et Sav., B. spicata Thunb., and B. tricuspis var. unicuspis Mak. were distributed nearly all areas in South Korea. B. nivea Gaudich. was distributed south of Chungnam but B. pannosa Nak. et Sat. and B. sieboldiana Bl. were partially distributed toward the southern part in South Korea. The average number of plant species growing with Boehmeria in natural habitat was found 124.9 species and Artemisia princeps var. orientalis Hara showed the highest importance value among neighbor species. B. platanifolia Fr. et Sav. and B. spicata Thunb. were the most commonly neighbor species growing with Boehmeria in rate of 49%. Average yearly precipitation and temperature of habitat for Boehmeria were 1100 mm to 1390 mm and $11.3^{\circ}C\;to\;13.7^{\circ}C$ respectively. Soil characteristics of habitat for Boehmeria. were that pH was 5.3 to 7.2 and B. nivea Gaudich. was higher content of organic matter than the other Boehmeria. Content of K and Na were similar among Boehmeria. $P_2O_5$, Ca and Mg were shown a little difference among seven species.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.59-63
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• 2017

In the cold region, road surface is frequently frozen, resulting in property/facility damage as well as people's death. In order to prevent the road surface from being frozen, conventional deicing methods such as salt, geothermal, and electric wires have been widely used. However, theses methods have some problems such as anti-environment, high-construction and -maintenance cost and so on. To improve the drawbacks of aforementioned methods, carbon nanotube (CNT) was used as an heating material in the laboratory test. Through the test, heat transferring effect of CNT on the concrete slab was investigated and maximum interval of CNT installation was determined.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.286-290
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• 2007

기후변화가 국내 수자원에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위해 고해상도 기후변화 시나리오를 이용하여 수자원의 변동성을 평가하였다. IPCC SRES A2 시나리오를 이용하여 5대강수계 139개 유역에 대해 기후 및 유출시나리오를 생산하고 수자원의 변동성을 시공간적으로 분석하였다. 고해상도$(27km{\times}27km)$ 시나리오는 기상연구소에서 전구기후모델인 ECHO-G의 결과를 지역기후모델인 MM5에 경계조건을 사용하여 역학적으로 상세화한 것이다. 이 시나리오를 이용하여 현실성 있는 유역별 기후시나리오를 생산하기 위해 LARS-WG를 사용하였으며, 유출시나리오 생산을 위해 USGS에서 개발된 PRMS 모형을 이용하였다. 생산된 시나리오를 이용하여 분석한 결과 전반적으로 한강유역이 위치한 북쪽유역에서는 연평균유출량이 증가되고, 남쪽에 위치한 유역들에서는 감소할 것으로 전망되었다. 이것은 기온의 증가에 따른 평균증발산량의 증가에 따른 영향으로 나타났다. 계절별로는 봄과 여름철의 유출량은 감소하고, 가을과 겨울철 유출량은 증가할 것으로 분석되었다. 그러나 여름철 평균유출량의 감소에도 불구하고 고수량(Q>100mm)의 규모 및 빈도가 증가할 것으로 전망되었다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.394-394
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• 2018

최근 기후변화로 인하여 강수량 및 집중호우 발생 횟수의 증가에 따라 홍수의 발생 빈도 및 강도가 증가한다. 기후변화에 따른 미래의 강수량 예측은 2013년에 발간된 IPCC(Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) 5차 평가보고서 (AR5)를 활용하여 분석하고 있다. 기후변화 시나리오에 따라 기온 상승률 및 강수량의 증가량, 극한 강우사상의 발생 빈도 및 발생정도가 다르게 결정되며, 극한 강우사상으로 유발되는 홍수의 피해 정도가 홍수피해 유형별로 다르게 나타난다. 본 연구에서는 기후변화에 따른 미래의 홍수 피해 정도를 예측하기 위하여 홍수에 영향을 미치는 인자 및 홍수를 감소시키는 인자들을 활용하여 단계적 회귀모형을 이용하여 인명피해, 피해면적, 피해액, 발생빈도 등 홍수피해 유형 별로 현재 및 미래의 홍수피해정도를 예측 및 분석하였다. 홍수에 영향을 미치는 인자로 연평균강수량, 일최대강수량, 1시간최대강수량, 10분최대강수량, 호우일수, 인구밀도, 자산밀도, 도로현황, 시가화율 등을 사용하였고, 홍수 피해를 감소시키는 치수대책으로는 하천개수율, 하수도보급률, 양수량, 유수지용량 등을 사용하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.255-255
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• 2020

아프리카 대륙에서 존재하는 가장 큰 사하라 사막(Sahara desert)의 면적은 지난 1세기 동안 기후변화로 인하여 10% 정도 증가하였고, 미래에도 기온상승으로 인하여 증가할 것으로 판단된다. 사하라 사막 면적의 증가로 인하여 아프리카의 자연식생과 수자원뿐만 아니라 아프리카에 거주하는 사람들의 삶에 많은 영향을 미치기에 사막의 면적 또는 경계선의 위치를 예측함은 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5)의 36개 Global Climate Models (GCMs)과 ERA-interim 재분석 자료의 1979~2000년 강수 자료들을 이용하여 사헬(Sahel) 지대 서쪽(15W~15E, 10N~20N)과 동쪽(15E~35E, 10N~20N)의 강수량과 사막경계선을 비교하였다. 또한, 각 모델의 과거 모의 성능을 평가하여 미래 기후 예측성을 판단하고자 한다. 본 연구에서는 22년 평균 강수량이 200mm 이하인 지역을 사막이라 정의하고, 모델별로 연평균 강수량과 사막경계선에 대한 root mean square error(RMSE)를 산정하여 평가하였다. 또한, 습윤 정적 에너지(Moist. Static Energy; MSE), 바람(풍속 및 풍향) 자료를 이용하여 각 모델의 사막경계선의 오차에 대한 이유를 분석하였다. 이 연구를 바탕으로 하여 사헬 지대의 강수량 및 사막면적 모의의 불확실성 요소를 이해하고, 미래 상세 지역 수문기후 변화 예측에 활용 가능한 GCMs을 선별할 수 있을 것으로 판단한다.