• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
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• no.49
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• pp.67-72
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• 1997

오대연지는 중국 흑룡강성의 덕도현 경내에 자리잡고 있는 화산지역이다. 오대연지 주변에는 제 4기 이래 형성된 화산들이 많이 분포되어 있는데, 그 중심부에는 화산의 용암이 흘러 하천을 가로막아 구슬 모양으로 된 다섯 개의 못이 있기에 ‘오대연지’라 한다. 본 연구는 오대연지와 그 주변의 화산지형에 대해 살펴보는 데에 그 목적이 있다. 그 연구 결과는 다음과 같다 : 첫째, 본 지역은 국내ㆍ외에서 보기 드문 천연적인 화산 박물관으로서 일반적인 관광지로는 물론 화산에 관한 학술연구 활동을 진행하는 훌륭한 장소로 될 수 있다. 둘째, 본 지역의 개발에 있어서 교통조건을 하루 빨리 개선해야 한다. 하얼빈부터 덕도현성까지의 관광열차를 개통하고 오대연지의 관광서비스 시설을 늘려야 하며, 관광산업에 종사할 수 있는 인재를 많이 양성하여야 한다. 넷째, 생태환경을 잘 보존하여야 하며, 화산지역에서의 건축용 석재 채굴을 하루 빨리 중지시키고, 관광객이 화산석을 마구 채취하는 행위를 방지해야 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.89-89
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• 2010

발전기 회전자 권선 층간절연지는 대부분 글라스-에폭시(Glass-Epoxy) 및 페놀수지 제품이 사용되고 있다. 이 층간절연지는 과도하게 열적, 기계적 응력을 받게 됨으로 높은 기계적 특성이 요구된다. 실제 장기간 사용된 층간절연지에 대해 기계적 인장특성을 분석하였으며 시험결과 운전년수와 기계적 특성 저하와는 뚜렷한 상관관계가 없는 것으로 판단되었다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 2016

The purpose of this paper is to understand the value of Dongji(東池), Seoji(西池) and Namji(南池), the lotus ponds of Fortress Wall of Seoul as part of the cultural landscape of the period through a consideration of personal behavior and impressive landscape characteristics via various old writings on each pond. The objects of this study include poems, diaries, travelogues and essays describing these ponds. The results are as follows. First, the preferred landscape elements of these three ponds were lotuses, willows and water itself. Second, while Dongji was recognized as a natural landscape, the composition of Seoji was a mixture of with natural and urban landscapes, and Namji was more urban altogether. Third, in aspects of personal behavior, while Dongji was a place where people broke their journeys to gaze at the scenery or looked down distantly, in Seoji, people stayed for a long time in a pavilion called Cheonyeon-jeong(天然亭) and engaged in various leisure activities, and in Namji, there were many gatherings under a temporary shelter or at a friend's house near the pond. Night was the best time to enjoy Namji because during the day, the area was crowded with people, horses, carts and so on. Fourth, the landscapes of fortress walls were impressively described often. Fifth, because these ponds were integrated into the surrounding area, they were like public openspaces mixed with water spaces, natural environment and adjacent facilities. The lotus ponds of the Fortress Wall of Seoul were located in a place connecting inside and outside of fortress, supplemented the cultural features in city, were valued as public openspace, and made it possible to experience the unique landscape of Hanyang. Although these ponds were buried and have now disappeared, they still hold great cultural meaning and potential value as water landscapes of the old city.

• Proceedings of the Speleological Society Conference
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• 1994.11a
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• pp.121-123
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• 1994

오대연지는 중국 흑룡강성의 덕도현 경내에 자리잡고 있는 화산지역이다. 본 지역에는 제4기이래에 형성된 화산들이 많이 분포되여 있는데 그 중심부위에는 구슬 모양으로 된 다섯개 못이 있기에 오대연지라 한다. 본 지역의 면적은 막 800$\textrm{km}^2$ 가 되는데 지형상에서는 주로 화산추와 용암대지로 이루어져 있다. 화산의 형성시대가 다르고 자연경관이 전형적이기 때문에 국내외에서 자연적인 화산박물관으로 널리 알려져 있다.(중략)

• Proceedings of the Speleological Society Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.91-94
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• 1997

오대연지는 중국 흑룡강성의 덕도현 경내에 자리잡고 있는 화산지역이다. 본 지역에는 제4기이래에 형성된 화산들이 많이 분포되어 있는데 그 중심 부위에는 구슬 모양으로 된 다섯 개 못이 있기에 오대연지라 한다. 본 지역의 면적은 약 800$km^2$가 되는데 지형상에서는 주로 화산추와 용암대지로 이루어져 있다. 화산의 형성시대가 다르고 자연경관이 전형적이기 때문에 국내외에서 자연적인 화산박물관으로 널리 알려져 있다.(중략)

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
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• v.36 no.37
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• pp.114-117
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• 1994

오대연지는 중국 흑룡강성의 덕도현 경내에 자리잡고 있는 화산지역이다. 본 지역에는 제4기 이래에 형성된 화산들이 많이 분포되어 있는데 그 중심부위에는 구슬 모양으로 된 다섯개 못이 있기에 오대연지라 한다. 본 지역의 면적은 약800$\textrm{km}^2$가 되는데 지형상에서는 주로 화산추와 용암대지로 이루어져 있다. 화산의 형성시대가 다르고 자연경관이 전형적이기 때문에 국내외에서 자연적인 화산박물관으로 널리 알려져 있다.(중략)

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.116-123
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• 2011

This study investigates the characteristics(form, material, structure, method of construction, vegetation) and model of lotus pond in Joseon Royal Tombs for conservation and restoration. The objects of study are the lotus pond of Namyangju Gwangreung, Hyoreung, Gimpo Jangreung and Sungreung that are well-preserved and the record is remaining. The form is two plane types, square shaped include an island and square shaped. The pond is 7.5~81m in width and 6.5~45m in length and the island is 8~16m in diameter. The depth of water is 0.5~1.2m and the cross section form is narrow bottom and wide top. The material of shore protection is soil in Hyoreung, Gimpo Jangreung and Sungreung. The bottom is mud in all sites. I think that the main material of the lotus pond in Joseon Royal Tombs is soil. The lotus pond is built by soil bank in the structure and method of construction. The water supply and drainage are worked through the culvert. There are many kinds of plants in the lotus pond today, however I think that the model of vegetation of lotus pond in Joseon Royal Tombs is lotus the inside, pine tree, fir tree and flowers the around and pine tree the inside of island in compared the present and the old literature. In comparison with the lotus pond in Joseon Royal Tombs and the lotus pond in the Joseon palace, the material is the biggest difference. The main material is soil in Royal Tombs but isodomic in Royal Palace. I think that the difference of material in between two causes the difference of structure and method of construction. The Royal Tombs is valuable in architecture, landscape and esthetics, this study investigated the characteristics and model of lotus pond in Joseon Royal Tombs. I think that this study serves as a momentum to find a traditional technique in Royal water space and offer the foundation to plan in the contemporary water space.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.26 no.2 s.85
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• pp.200-210
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• 1998

To study the species diversity of the genera Strobilomyces and Heimiella in Korea, 52 specimens were collected from 1982 to 1996 at 25 locations including Odaesan. Collected specimens were observed and three species among them were identified and described by observing macroscopic and microscopic characters. The three species are as follows; Strobilomyces floccopus (Vahl ex Fries) Karsten, S. confusus Singer, Heimiella japonica Hongo.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.425-437
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• 2006

The focus of this study is on the diffusion and aspects of Yoenji make-up in China. The diffusion of Yoenji make-up into China was achieved by Zhuang-Kun's departure for the West of China, after Emperor Moo of Han Dynasty defeated the Huns (B.C. 121). The Yoenji make-up is basically used as a unique sign and from the result of excessive development from the facial beauty point in accordance with luxurious Court culture and opening door of culture. It can diversely express kinds, names, ways, types and patterns, places and bodily parts, the colors of materials for use, and time zones of a make-up.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.416-429
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• 2019

Bongchae is primarily employed for toning, which is the last step in the conservation treatment of paper's cultural properties. The objective of this study is to identify the coloring patterns of four types of Bongchae(Bonram, Gamboge, Yeonji, and Daeja) and determine the associated color change patterns through accelerated aging experiments. By examining the coloring patterns, it is observed that Yeonji, Bonram, and Daeja are painted as particles, whereas Gamboge indicates a close state of coating. Results obtained from X-ray diffraction analysis of Bongchae indicate that the presence of quartz, calcite, and pyrophyllite can be equally detected in Bonram, Yeonji, and Daeja. Additionally, the presence of goethite is also detected in Daeja. Gamboge becomes discolored from yellow to orange color during wet thermal aging, and Gamboge and Yeonji become decolorized during UV irradiation aging. Hence, cultural properties of paper colored with Gamboge can be predicted to become discolored to orange color by alkalis and can be darkened by UV rays because the decolorization of Gamboge and Yeonji occurs preferentially.