• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.131-140
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• 2015

To set up unicellular cyanobacterial strains with photo-biological $H_2$ production potential, live samples were repeatedly collected from 68 stations in the coastal zone of Korea for the four years since 2005. Among 77 cyanobacterial strains established six (KNU strains, CB-MAL002, 026, 031, 054, 055 and 058) were finally chosen as the excellent strains for $H_2$ production with $H_2$ accumulation over 0.15 mL $H_2\;mL^{-1}$ under general basic $H_2$ production conditions as well as positive $H_2$ production for more than 60 hr. To explore optimum procedures for higher $H_2$ production efficiency of the six cyanobacterial strains, the inter-strain differences in the growth rate under the gradients of water temperature and salinity were investigated. The maximum daily growth rates of the six strains ranged from 1.78 to 2.08, and all of them exhibited $N_2-fixation$ ability. Based on the similarity of the 16S rRNA sequences, all the test strains were quite close to Cyanothece sp. ATCC51142 (99%). The six strains, however, were grouped into separate clades from strain ATCC51142 in the molecular phylogeny diagram. Chlorophyll- a content was 3.4~7.8% of the total dried weight, and the phycoerythrin and phycocyanin contents were half of those in the Atlantic strain, Synechococcus sp. Miami BG03511. The growth of the six strains was significantly suppressed at temperatures above the optimal range, $30{\sim}35^{\circ}C$, to be nearly stopped at $40^{\circ}C$. The growth was not inhibited by high salinities of 30 psu salinity in all the strains while strain CB055 maintained its high growth rate at low salinities down to 15 psu. The euryhaline strains like CB055 might support massive biotechnological cultivation systems using natural basal seawater in temperate latitudes. base seawater. The biological and ecophysiological characteristics of the test strains may contribute to designing the optimal procedures for photo-biological $H_2$ production by unicellular cyanobacteria.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.529-534
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• 1994

The lethal concentration(LC50) of several micropollutants for three species of the fish Paralichthys olivaceus, Mugil cephalus and Sebastes schlegeli were determined by acute toxicity tests. For the determination of definitive test concentrations, the fish were exposed to three test material concentrations spaced at order-of-magnitude intervals based on a logarithmic ratio in range finding tests. LC50 was determined by five concentrations of test material in a geometric progression by means of range finding tests. The 96hr-LC50 values(mg/l) were estimated by the graphical interpolation of probability-logarithm transformations. These indicated that the order of sensitivities to three kind of micropollutants was Mugil cephalus > Paralichthys olivaceus > Sebastes schlegeli.

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.79-85
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• 1993

The final biomass yields of 16 marine phytoplankton clones were measured in media with different levels of iron and phosphorus concentrations. The biomass yields of oceanic clones were either only slightly limited or not limited by iron, and those of coastal clones were severely limited by iron in all photogenetic groups other than cyanobacteria. By contrast oceanic cyanobacteria clones as well as coastal clones required higher iron concentrations: minimum concentrations of iron addition for detectable growth of the Synchronous species were estimated to fall between $10^{-9}{\;}and{\;}10^{-8}{\;}M$. Not only the habitat differences (oceanic-coastal trends) but also the photogenetic differences of the oceanic phytoplankton species in the response to the iron enrichments deserve very careful attention before ocean iron fertilization.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.149-156
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• 2008

The right of hot pursuit is an exception to the general rule that a ship on the high seas is subject to the jurisdiction of the state whose flag she flies. The right of hot pursuit is provided in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. This paper discusses the requirements for the right of hot pursuit. The use of force should be avoided during hot pursuit. When force is unavoidable, it should not be used beyond what is reasomable and necessary in the circumstances.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.197-204
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• 2008

The right of hot pursuit is an exception to the general rule that a ship on the high seas is subject to the jurisdiction of the state whose flag she flies. The right of hot pursuit is provided in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. This paper discusses the requirements of the right of hot pursuit. The use of force should be avoided during hot pursuit. When force is unavoidable, that is not go beyond what is reasonable and necessary in the circumstances.

• Strategy21
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• s.45
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• pp.60-90
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• 2019

The use of the high seas are supported by the two pillars of customary principles --the freedom of navigation and the flag state control on its vessels, which are codified in the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea. There have been attempts to limit and retrain the two pillars as maritime regimes are newly created to address new maritime threats, while coastal stares' control over the seas expand. The pillars have been created over thousands years since human beings took to the sea and have served as a foundation to use the oceans peacefully and orderly. Therefore, any retreat or exception from these principles would undermine the fundamental framework for the use of the oceans and eventually these regimes would be subject to control of maritime powers. In conclusion, new maritime regimes such as the sanction measures on North Korea should be enforced within the framework of international law and comply with the fundamental principles such as innocent passage and the freedom of navigation at the high seas.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.76-90
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• 2018

To determine the distribution of mercury (Hg) in the coastal surface sediments around the Korean peninsula, the baseline concentration of Hg was estimated, the extent of contamination was assessed, and the factors controlling the distribution were discussed. The concentrations of Hg in surface sediments were significantly high in Jinhae-Masan Bay in the South Sea, Ulsan-Onsan Bay and Yeongil Bay in the East Sea, but Hg in other sediments showed a similar distribution to Cs and relatively very low concentration between 0.21 and $39.5{\mu}g/kg$ ($13.6{\pm}7.80{\mu}g/kg$). Compared to the sediment quality guidelines in Korea, 8 % of the surface sediments (n=282) analyzed in this study exceeded the values of the threshold effects level (TEL), and six sediments collected around Onsan Port were higher than the value of the probable effects level (PEL). The contamination levels of Hg were assessed by the enrichment factors using the baseline concentration (2.06Cs+1.75) based on the residual analysis from the linear regression line for Cs, and further, factors controlling the distribution of Hg were discussed by the comparison with geochemical substances depending upon the Hg enrichment level. Hg concentrations were correlated well with Cs concentration in the range of less than 1.69 of EF implying grain size control, while in the range of 1.69 and 4.03 Hg concentrations were correlated well with Fe oxyhyroxide and organic carbon contents, which indicates Hg was enriched by superior sorption capability. On the meanwhile, samples with higher EFs (4.03 to 74.9) showed fairly positive correlations with other metals (Cu, Zn, Pb) rather than geochemical substances. For samples in Youngil Bay and Ulsan-Onsan Bay (n=30), Hg concentrations were correlated only with other metals rather than geochemical substances implying simultaneous supply of metal particles from metal refineries. But samples at Gosung, Sokcho and Uljin coast were correlated well with organic carbon even though they had high EFs. In addition, samples in Jinhae-Masan Bay with high contents of S were enriched by relatively high sulfide formation.

• Defense and Technology
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• no.12 s.130
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• pp.70-71
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• 1989

커리 박사가 요즘 우려하는 것은 고객유치나 수많은 방산 및 항공업체간의 경쟁이 아니다. 그가 가장 우려하는 것은 세계시장의 장래에 관한 것이다. 특히 관심을 두고 있는 것은 대서양 양쪽의 보호주의에 따른 잠재적인 여파, 세계적으로 점증되고 있는 초과생산능력, 일본의 경제적 위협, 일관성있는 미국의 경제 및 안보정책의 필요성과 같은 것이다. 커리 박사는 오랫동안 방산분야에 종사해 왔다. 1954년 Hughes 연구소의 기술요원으로 입사하여 레이저, 밀리미터파, 전기추진력, 전자 및 이온빔의 응용에 관한 기초연구를 주업무로 처리하였으며, 1973년에 미 국방부 연구기술담당 차관에 임명되었다. 커리 박사는 Hughes 부사장으로 5년간 근무후 1986년 2월부터 Dole Electronics사의 시장겸 최고경험책임자로 근무했다. 1989년 5월 Hughes사로 복귀, 대표이사겸 최고 경영책임자로 임명되어 현재에 이르고 있다. 그는 국방과학위원회의 태평양연안 국가 협력회의의 소위원회 의장도 맡고 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2012.06a
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• pp.571-572
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• 2012

부산신항의 출입구라 할 수 있는 가덕수로 남단 해역에 해운불경기 등으로 인하여 불법, 무단으로 투묘한 선박들이 증가하면서 인근 해상에서 충돌사고 등을 야기할 수 있는 위험성이 증가하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 장기투묘 선박들로 인한 위험요소와 문제점들을 살펴보고, 이를 해결하기 위한 방안으로 가덕수로 항로를 외곽으로 연장하는 접근항로를 설정 운영하는 방안을 제시하였다. 이와 함께 VTS 연계망을 유기적으로 구축하여 남동부 연안해역의 해양사고 위험성을 감소시키고 동 해역을 효율적으로 관리하는 방안을 제안하였다.

• Journal of Korea Ship Safrty Technology Authority
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• v.20
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• pp.18-28
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• 2005

연안소형어선에 주로 사용하는 FRP선질은 가볍고 강도는 우수하나 인화성이 높아서 기관실 화재사고 등 위험에 노출되어 있고 선박 제작 과정에서 인체에 해로운 유해성분이 발생할 뿐만 아니라, 폐선의 경우 산업폐기물로써 환경오염에 큰 영향을 미치고 있다. 그런 반면에, 알루미늄합금 어선은 FRP 어선의 단점을 보완할수 있는 재료로써, 고강도 경량화의 효과를 낼 수 있고, RFP어선보다 인화성이 낮아서 열에 강하고 내구성이 높고 강선보다 해수의 부식방지에 뛰어나므로 알룸늄어선의 개발이 요구되고 있다. 이번 호에서는 알루미늄선박 건조시 각각의 단위공정에 대한 작업방법, 작업순서 및 주의사항 등 표준에 대해 코리아타코마조선공법(주)의 알루미늄선박 작업지침과 KSB 0897(불황가스 및 아크용접 작업표준)를 일부 발췌하여 기술하고자 한다.