• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.73.2-73.2
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• 2010

휴대용 전자기기들의 소비전력 증가에 따라 2차전지에 비해 에너지 밀도가 높은 연료전지를 이용한 충전기의 필요성이 부각되고 있다. 대다수의 충전기는 On-Grid 방식으로 벅타입 컨버터를 이용한 감압 방식이었으나, 연료전지를 이용할 경우 승압식 컨버터를 통한 배터리의 충전이 요구된다. 또한 배터리는 일반 저항부하와 달리 큰 커패시턴스 성분을 가지고 있기 때문에 컨버터의 출력단에 인덕터가 없는 경우 큰 출력 리플전류를 유도하게 되어 시스템의 효율과 배터리의 수명에 좋지 않은 영향을 끼치게 된다. 또한 이를 해결하기 위해 절연형 감압 컨버터를 사용하는 경우 변압기 사용에 의한 부피 증가와 부가 소자의 사용에 따른 가격 상승을 피하기 어렵다. Cuk 컨버터는 주스위치의 ON/OFF 동작에 관계없이 출력으로 에너지가 항상 전달되며, 이상적으로 리플이 거의 존재하지 않아 충전용으로 적합하다. 또한, 승압 및 감압이 자유롭기 때문에 배터리의 정격전압에 상관없는 범용 충전기의 설계도 가능하다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 Cuk 컨버터를 이용하여 배터리 충전기를 설계하고, 그의 상태공간 모델링, 주파수 특성 해석 및 제어기 설계에 대해 기술한다. 제안된 제어 방식은 소형 연료전지 스택을 이용하여 실제 배터리를 대상으로 한 정전류 및 정전압 제어를 실행하여 그 성능 및 안정성을 검증한다.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.169-174
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• 2009

In the study, the effect of the ultrasonic energy in transportational diesel fuel on the engine performance and exhaust emission has been investigated for indirect injection diesel engine. It was tested to estimated change of engine performance and exhaust emission characteristics for the transportational diesel fuels and the reforming fuels which was irradiated by the ultrasonic energy. The results of the study may be concluded as follows; By the irradiation of ultrasonic energy on the diesel fuel, cylinder pressure, heat release rate and engine power were increased but bsfc, mass fraction burned, and smoke were reduced. Also, the combustion was more stabilized and became complete and NOx was increased.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2011.07a
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• pp.180-181
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• 2011

에너지 절약 최적화를 위한 녹색 기술개발은 지속가능경제와 화석연료 사용에 의한 부작용을 최소화하기 위한 전세계적 화두로 대두되고 있다. 중소기업은 다양한 품목에서 자체적인 생산활동을 수행하며 대기업 제품에 사용되는 부품을 실질적으로 공급하고 전체 근로자의 85%이상을 고용하는 등 국가적인 부가가치 창출에 큰 역할을 수행하고 있으나, 인적자원과 관리 인프라의 부족과 부재로 인해 체계적인 에너지 관리를 통한 에너지 사용 절감을 위한 최적화 활동 수행에 한계점을 가지고 있다. 그러나, 향후 직접적인 에너지 절감을 통한 원가 경쟁력 향상은 물론 향후 탄소 거래제와 생산 공정과 결과물에 대한 정량적인 탄소배출량 관리제도의 법제화에 대비하여 이러한 제한상황에 대한 해결안 제시가 절실하게 요구되고 있다. 본 논문은 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위하여 서해안 산업단지를 대상으로 한국산업기술대학교 전력저감센터에서 개발중인 중소기업을 위한 energy saving management system (ESMS)에 대해 기술한다. ESMS는 개별 공장에서 소비되는 전체전력과 대표 부하에서의 소비전력의 전력품질과 현황을 모니터링하고 부하특성에 맞는 전력저감 메커니즘을 제공한다. 또한 자체적인 과거 소비전력 경향과 광역 공단의 전체 소비 데이터와의 비교 데이터를 통해 자체적인 전력 소비 현황 및 절감대책을 수립하도록 지원한다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.607-614
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• 2013

Nowadays, automotive manufacturers have developed various technologies to improve fuel economy and reduce harmful emissions. The ultra-lean direct injection engine is a promising technology because it has the advantage of improving thermal efficiency through the deliberate control of fuel and ignition. This study aims to investigate the development of a spray-guided-type lean-burn LPG direct injection engine through the redesign of the combustion system. This engine uses a central-injection-type cylinder head in which the injector is installed adjacent to the spark plug. Fuel consumption and combustion stability were estimated depending on the ignition timing and injection timing at various air-fuel ratios. The optimal injection timing and ignition timing were based on the best fuel consumption and combustion stability.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.171-176
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• 2010

Using a hydrogen blended compressed natural gas (HCNG) as a fuel for IC engines has a significant meaning in terms of achieving a reduction of automotive exhaust emissions as well as preparing for an upcoming hydrogen economy by constructing hydrogen infrastructure. In addition, a HCNG engine has higher thermal efficiency than a CNG engine, which is another advantage that makes HCNG fuel considered as a future alternative for natural gas. Therefore, in this study, idling operation of a 11 litre HCNG bus engine was investigated in terms of fuel consumption rate and emissions characteristics. The results show that fuel consumption rate was decreased more than 20% by use of HCNG and all the emissions were significantly reduced in idling condition.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.75-87
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to utilize the system dynamics to carry out a medium and long-term forecasting analysis of the bunker price. In order to secure accurate bunker price forecast, a quantitative analysis was established based on the casual loop diagram between various variables that affects bunker price. Based on various configuration variables such as crude oil price which affects crude oil consumption & production, GDP and exchange rate which influences economic changes and freight rate which is decided by supply and demand in shipping and logistic market were used in accordance with System Dynamics to forecast bunker price and then objectivity was verified through MAPEs. Based on the result of this study, bunker price is expected to rise until 2029 compared to 2016 but it will not be near the surge sighted in 2012. This study holds value in two ways. First, it supports shipping companies to efficiently manage its fleet, offering comprehensive bunker price risk management by presenting structural relationship between various variables affecting bunker price. Second, rational result derived from bunker price forecast by utilizing dynamic casual loop between various variables.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.247-256
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• 2012

Recently, estimation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission has continuously emerged as an important global issue. This study compares various statistical methods for estimation of fuel consumption, which is necessary for calculation of GHG emission in road transportation sector. Existing methods have focused on using merely transportation fuel supply or distance traveled for calculation of fuel consumption. Estimates of GHG emission based on fuel supply, however, cannot reflect various vehicle types or model year. This study suggests and compares, from statistical point of view, several methods, which can be applied to estimate fuel consumption of each vehicle, by combining distance traveled and fuel efficiency (mileage), and total fuel consumption of all vehicles. It also suggests practical measures that can reflect vehicle types and model year to suggested methods for future research.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.1013-1018
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• 2007

In general, there are many sensors for fuel injection control such as an air flow sensor, an air intake temperature sensor, a cooling water temperature sensor, a throttle position sensor, and a motor position sensor. In this paper, we proposed a method for controlling the amount of fuel consumption in cars using fuzzy control technique by temperature change of an air intake temperature sensor and air-fuel ratio, the ratio of air and fuel mixture. In the proposed method, the amount of fuel injection is controlled by fuzzy membership functions and fuzzy inference rules established for air-fuel ratio, air intake temperature, and final fuel compensation, after computing air-fuel values using each amount of air intake and each amount of fuel injection. We verified that the proposed method is more efficient than conventional methods in fuel injection control from the results of the simulation program.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.16-21
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• 2012

Biodiesel is technically competitive with or offers technical advantages over conventional petroleum diesel fuel. Biodiesel is an environmentally friendly alternative liquid fuel that can be used in any diesel engine without modification. In this study, to investigate the effect of fuel injection timing on the characteristics of performance with DBF in DI diesel engine. The engine was operated at five different fuel injection timings from BTDC $6^{\circ}$ to $14^{\circ}$ at $2^{\circ}$ intervals and four loads at engine speed of 1800rpm. As a result of experiments in a test engine, maximum cylinder pressure is increased with leading fuel injection timing. Specific fuel oil consumption is indicated the least value at BTDC $14^{\circ}$ of fuel injection timing.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.117-123
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• 1994

This paper describes the effect of air assisted fuel injection system(AAI) using compressed air to improve the performance of lean combustion engine. AAI is designed to promote fuel atomization and intake flow. In order to investigate the performance of engine with AAl, experiments are conducted varying the engine revolution speed, lean air-fuel ratio and intake manifold pressure. Compared with the original engine, the performance of the engine with MI is improved as the air-fuel mixture becomes leaner or the engine load becomes lower. The descreasing rate of BSFC is propotional to the relative air-fuel ratio and the lean misfire limit extended more than 0.2 relative airfuel ratio.