• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.86.1-86.1
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• 2010

예비개질기(Pre-reformer)는 중대형 내부개질형 용융탄산염 연료전지(MCFC) 시스템에서 다양한 연료를 사용하기 위한 필수적인 화학반응기이다. 예비개질기는 스택 전단에 설치함으로서 스택 내부의 열균형을 유지하고, 다양한 원료를 연료로 이용할 수 있도록 하며, 황화물로부터 후단의 개질촉매 및 전극촉매를 보호하여 주개질 반응의 부담을 감소시켜 MCFC 시스템의 내구성 향상의 중요한 역할을 한다. 본 연구는 예비개질 반응기 설계에 CFD 모델링을 적용하기에 앞서 파일롯 반응기 내 농도/ 온도 구배를 측정하고자 하는 목적으로 수행되었다. 반응가스로는 천연가스 내 고차탄화수소(C2 이상) 중 상대적으로 높은 농도를 가진 에탄을 이용하였고, MCFC용 예비개질기의 운전특성을 고려하여 비교적 낮은 온도와 높은 수증기/탄소 비에서 단열반응기로 실험을 진행하였다. 향후 본 실험결과를 이용하여 CFD 모델링에 대한 검증을 수행할 예정이며, 하수처리장부생가스(ADG)/ 매립지 가스(LFG)용 MCFC 시스템을 위한 예비개질기 설계에도 적용을 하고자 한다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.599-603
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• 2015

To strengthen the existing regulations with respect to carbon emissions in the marine industry, there has been an increase in the number of studies focusing on realizing improvements in the utilization of vessels. While the development of new techniques related to these improvements can be costly, in this paper, we discuss a cost-effective method that may be applied directly to existing ships. The experimental data obtained suggests that the greatest reduction in energy loses can be realized by installing a double-partition wall on the storage tank of the ship, among other methods.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.72-77
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• 2012

An alternative fuel is introduced as an environmentally friendly fuel in order to reduce the toxic emissions from conventional fossil fuels. In this study a bio-diesel fuel is produced and applied into the industrial diesel engine to understand the effect on the performance. The test conditions are loads of idle to maximum torque and engine speeds of 700 to 1900 rpm in bio-diesel blending percents of 0, 10, 20%. The results show that smoke and CO emissions are reduced while NOx in slightly increased, and the effects are rather clear in higher loads.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2007.07a
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• pp.1520-1521
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• 2007

고분자 전해질 연료전지(PEMFC, polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell)는 수소이온특성을 갖는 고분자막을 전해질로 사용하는 연료전지로서 무공해 차량의 동력원, 가정용 발전, 우주선용 전원, 군사용 전원 등 매우 다양한 부분에서 사용되어질 것으로 사료된다. 하지만 현재 높은 가격과 짧은 수명 등의 문제로 상용화에 이르지 못하고 있다. 고분자전해질 연료전지의 스택 가격을 부품별로 조사하여 보면 분리판이 전체 스택가격의 60% 정도가 가장 높은 비중을 차지하며 기체 확산층으로 사용되는 탄소재료가 12%,전해질이 10%, 촉매가 8% 정도를 차지한다. 촉매 또한 저가의 비귀금속 촉매를 개발하거나 백금 촉매의 성능을 향상시켜 촉매 사용량을 낮춤으로써 가격을 낮추기 위한 연구가 진행되어지고 있으며 전해질로 사용하는 고분자막도 가격이 매우 높은 Nafion 대신 저가 고분자를 개발하거나, 또는 가능한 얇은 전해질을 사용하기 위한 노력이 이루어지고 있다. 하지만 아직까지는 뚜렷한 진척성과가 없는 것으로 알려져 있다. 그래서 본 연구에서는 고분자 전해질 연료전지의 고분자 Membrane의 특성을 향상시키고 또한 박막의 배양성과 특성에 대해서 고찰해 보고자한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.53-59
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• 2019

Solid fuel reacts with an oxidizer during combustion of a propellant to increase performance. Representative solid fuels are aluminum, cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX) and octahydro-1, 3,5,7-tetra nitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocin (HMX). During combustion, these compounds generate white smoke by reacting with moisture and produce materials that are harmful to the environment, such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and methane gas. This study prepared a high-nitrogen-containing energetic material, hydrazinium 5-aminotetrazolate (HAT), which could be applied as a solid fuel. The compound was characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and a thermal analysis was measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Also, the specific impulses and volumes of detonation gases were calculated using the EXPLO5 program.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.80-84
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• 2021

As the Hydrogen law was enacted, 4 types of hydrogen appliances were designated as inspection products. The types of hydrogen appliances are water electrolysis equipment, hydrogen extraction equipment, stationary fuel cells, and mobile fuel cells. The establishment fo safety standards for hydrogen appliance inspection defines risk factors for each hydrogen appliance and stipulates safety standards to prevent risk factors. The main safety standards for each hydrogen appliance are hydrogen quality and safety control for water electrolysis, toxic substances emission prevention and carbon monoxide emission prevention for hydrogen extraction facilities, vibration safety for mobile fuel cells.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2019.11a
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• pp.139-140
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• 2019

세계경제는 인류의 지속가능한 성장을 위해 2020년을 기점으로 저탄소 경제체제에서 무탄소(에미션 제로·Emission Zero) 경제체제로 변화를 꾀하고 있는 상황이다. 이러한 변화는 해운분야에서도 예외가 아니다. 국제해사기구에서 선박온실가스 규제라고 할 수 있는 에너지효율 규정이 해양오염방지협약 부속서 6의 제4장(에너지 효율관리)으로 2011년 개정·채택된 것을 시작으로 최근 2030년까지 40%감축, 2050년까지 50% 감축이라는 온실가스 감축목표를 설정하여 본격적인 온실가스 감축을 위해 노력하고 있다. IMO는 감축목표를 달성하기 위한 단기조치, 중·장기 조치를 2023년까지 완성한다는 목표를 설정하고 장애요인 분석, 국가별 영향평가, 역량강화 및 기술지원과 연구개발에 관한 로드맵을 포함한 최종 전략 수립을 진행하고 있으나 문제는 국제해사기구(IMO) 2030 온실가스 감축목표 달성은 현재 사용되고 있는 화석연료로는 불가능하기 때문에 선박추진 연료로써 수소, 연료전지, 메탄올 등 대체에너지 개발을 대폭 지원하는 국가의 정책전환이 시급하며 이를 구체화할 수 있는 정책개발이 시급하다.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.107-125
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• 2023

The pace of sustainability transition within the maritime industry has been accelerating. This shift primarily necessitates changes in the industry's heavy reliance on fossil fuel-driven ecosystems. Additionally, numerous sustainability laws and regulations, such as the EU's CBAM and IMO's EEXI, have been implemented. This transition is poised to amplify the competitive edge of firms equipped with greater resources, as it introduces substantial operational burdens due to expensive eco-friendly fuel adoption and regulatory compliance. To diverge from the traditional competitive landscape, this paper aims to explore innovative maritime finance models enabling domestic firms to gain competitive advantages on a global scale. Employing analogical reasoning and modeling as a research method, this paper demonstrates that maritime firms can leverage the sustainability transition by aligning sustainable maritime operations with ETS (Emission Trading Schemes). Expanding on this novel approach, the paper delves into potential connections between CCM (Compliance Carbon Market), VCM (Voluntary Carbon Market), and digital asset exchanges. This newly proposed digital/net-zero maritime ecosystem holds the potential to significantly impact the shipping, shipbuilding, and ship finance industries, positioning Busan as a sustainable maritime finance hub. This study holds significance as pioneering research that may stimulate subsequent case-based studies and offer strategic guidance to market participants and policymakers as the maritime industry moves towards a net-zero transition

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.27-32
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• 2013

Renewable gas fuels such as biogas and landfill gas are obtained from the biodegradable organic wastes so that they inherently have carbon-neutral nature which can respond global warming. Therefore, attentions are paid to use this renewable gases as a main fuel for internal combustion engines. However, the composition of the fuel varies by its origin or conversion process, it is necessary to make stable combustion and accomplish high efficiency when used in power generating spark ignition (SI) engines. In this study, efforts have been made to investigate the effect of the composition of renewable gas fuel on the engine performance and exhaust emissions. In addition, a new spark plug with a long electrode was tested and compared with a base spark plug as a way to improve engine efficiency and reduce harmful emissions.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.225-229
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• 2012

A reformer for a small fuel cell system is an apparatus which converts hydrocarbon fuel into hydrogen-rich gas. Among many indices of a reformer, the most crucial index of a reformer is CO concentration in the off-gas out of reformer which must be controled under 5ppm for the efficiency and performance of a system. This paper suggests the criteria of a reformer operation for the stability of a reformer in a fuel cell system by deducing crucial indices and improving processes. The six-sigma technique was applied to verify the optimum control and operation of a reformer of a fuel cell combined heat and power system. The result of temperature control of each parts of a reformer system is the concentration of CO which is the most important factor for the operation of a fuel cell system. The temperature of the parts of a reformer, MTS, LTS and Prox, were controled so that the concentration of CO.