• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.40 no.9
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• pp.762-767
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• 2016

High thermal efficiency and the ability to use various types of fuel are a few of the many advantages of diesel engines. However, a major disadvantage is that their exhaust emissions are more harmful to humans and the environment than that of conventional engine. Consequently, the provisions of the international emissions standards for diesel engine equipped passenger cars, commercial vehicles, and ships have become more stringent. These standards include the EU Euro 6, the IMO MEPC Tier 3, and the US EPA Tier 4. Ryu et al. published a study that applied fuel additives to two-stroke diesel engines. In this study, a four-stroke diesel engine using diesel oil for a generator is utilized as the test subject, and an experiment is performed to verify whether fuel additive can be used to improve performance and exhaust emissions. In addition, this experimental study presents research results for the application of fuel additives in both two-stroke and four-stroke diesel engines. The experimental results were compared and analyzed by placing an oil-soluble calcium-based organometallic compound in diesel oil. The results confirmed that the addition of fuel additive improved the performance (fuel consumption rate, exhaust gas temperature) and exhaust emissions (NOx, CO) of the diesel engine.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.487-488
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• 2003

우리나라 대기환경기준이 점차 강화되고 있고, 국민의 욕구수준 또한 선진국 수준으로 강화될 계획으로 있어 이에 따른 대기오염 방지시설의 설치 또는 보완이 요구되고 있다 특히, 배기가스 중 황산화물 및 질소산화물 배출농도 강화로 울산화력발전소에서는 최신의 배연탈황ㆍ탈질설비를 가동중에 있으나 황산 Mist가 주요원인으로 추정되는 Plume Opacity가 발생되어 오염물질 배출농도는 법적규제기준 이내로 배출되더라도 민원이 발생되고 있다. 이에 대한 대책으로 현장에 적합한 연료첨가제 주입으로 Plume Opacity 발생원인을 제거함과 동시에 배연탈황설비에서 발생된 저온부식 현상을 개선하고, 보일러 내 고온부식 등 연소장애 현상 개선을 통한 열효율 향상 방안에 대해 연구하였다. (중략)

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.1015-1021
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• 1990

본 연구에서는 Barium계의 연료첨가제를 연료에 소량 혼합시키는 방법을 이용 해서 디젤기관의 흑연방지대책을 검토하여 보았다. 아울러 이 방법을 실용단계에서 유효히 이용할 수 있는 수법과 그때 제기될 수 있는 문제점 등에 대해서도 검토하고자 한다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.620-625
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• 2015

In an effort to reduce the onset of global warming, the International Maritime Organization Marine Environment Protection Committee (IMO MEPC) proposed the reduction in ship speeds as a way of lowering the proportion of carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) in the Green House Gas emissions from ships. To minimize fuel costs, shipping companies have already been performing slow steaming for their own fleets. Specifically, the slow steaming approach has been adopted for most ocean-going container lines. In addition, because of the increased marine fuel cost that is required to enable increased capacity, there is an urgent need for more advanced fuel-saving technologies. Therefore, in this present study, we propose a fuel-cost reduction method that can improve the performance of diesel engines. We introduce a predetermined amount (0.025% of the amount of fuel used) of fuel additive (oil-soluble calcium-based organometallic compound). For improved experimental accuracy, as the test subjects, we utilize a large two-stroke diesel engine installed in land plants. The loads of the test engine were classified as low, medium, and high (50, 75, and 100%, respectively). We compare the engine performance parameters (power output, fuel consumption rate, p-max, and exhaust temperature) before and after the addition of fuel additives. Our experimental results, confirmed that we can realize fuel-cost savings of at least 2% by adding the fuel additive in low load conditions (50%). Likewise, the maximum combustion pressure was found to have increased. On the other hand, we observed that there was a reduction in the exhaust temperature.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.223-229
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• 2015

This paper was designed to investigate emission characteristics of regulated pollutants (CO, HC, NOx and PM) from 134 diesel and gasoline passenger cars based on emission standards according to fuel additives. The experiments using chassis dynamometer were conducted under NEDC and CVS-75 modes. Comparison for fuel additive management and test between Korea, USA, EU and Japan, Korea was more strict than others. The fuel additives of this study was satisfied within fuel manufacturing standards. For with/without fuel additives according to diesel emission standards, NOx of EURO 4 and EURO 5 showed a relatively similar tendency. In the case of PM reduction rate, EURO 5 was over 20% increased than EURO 4. In the case of standard deviation/average ratio for gasoline vehicles, variation interval was big for LEV 23.3~58% and ULEV 31.6~56.4%. Following the imposition of stricter regulations (EURO 5 and ULEV), difference rate for standard deviation was big. Especially, in the case of diesel vehicles, difference rate for NOx 68% and PM 48% was most big. The results of present study will be of assistance in completing the legislative process and will provide basic data to set up emission standards for fuel additives in Korea.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Energy Engineering kosee Conference
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• 1995.05a
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• pp.236-239
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• 1995

50 kW$_{th}$ 용량의 기체연료버너에서 암모니아 기체와 요소용액을 이용한 선택적 무촉매 환원법 (SNCR;Selective Non-catalytic Reduction) 으로 질소산화물 (NOx) 저감에 관하여 연구하였다. 암모니아는 요소요액보다 더 낮은 반응온도에서 더 높은 효율을 보여주지만 경제성과 암모니아의 부식성 및 맹독성으로 인하여 취급하기에 곤란한 점이 있다. 반면에 요소용액은 적절한 액상첨가제와 기상첨가제를 사용하여 넓은 반응온도범위에서 높은 효율을 얻을 수 있으며 공정상의 조업비를 절감할 수 있다. 본 실험에서는 액상 첨가제인 $CH_3$OH 와 $C_2$H$_{5}$OH 을 사용하여 5$0^{\circ}C$ 정도의 최적반응온도 감소를 얻었으며 LPG 와 합성가스(CH$_4$:CO:H$_2$:$CO_2$=1:4:4:2) 틀 기상 첨가제로 사용하여 높은 질소산화물 저감 효율을 관찰하였다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.1292-1297
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• 2009

This study was performed to investigate solubility, dissolution rate and ash content of solid type fuel additive in gasoline and diesel in order to set up manufacturing standards. From the results, the unfiltered impurities were increased when the fuel additive was added on gasoline and diesel. Also, the unfiltered fuel additive was decreased with respect to increasing the pore size of the filter paper. When one gram of the fuel additive was dissolved in one liter of gasoline at room temperature, the best dissolution rate was about 2 hours. But, almost nothing was dissolved in diesel during 72 hours at $20^{\circ}C$ below zero. At the experiment of ash content, the gasoline which the fuel additive was melted in was showing 28 times more ash content than that was not including the fuel additive. Therefore, it seemed that almost all of ash content was caused by the fuel additive.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.601-603
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• 2008

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.554-563
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• 2016

Ships are capable of operating on residual fuel oil. Recently, various attempts have been made to meet environmental regulations and with ships operating on residual fuel oil. One way of fulfilling these requirements is by using fuel additives. Dispersants and fuel combustion improvers will have a positive effect on improving the combustion characteristics of the residual fuel oil. As such, this study examines fuel oils blended with additives by using fuel combustion analysis (FIA/FCA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results of FIA/FCA focuse only on the amount of work done by the fuel oil. Therefore, it is recommended in this study that a new method to evaluate the combustion efficiency via FIA/FCA processes be developed. The analysis with ROHR curve gained by FIA/FCA brought similar results with pressure trace curve therefore it can be said that new analysis method can be reliable. The TGA, analysis process is very sensitive to the evaporation of fuel, for example, which could be addressed. In the performance-related findings of this study, blended samples with additives containing iron compounds showed a greater improvement in early combustion characteristics than samples without additives.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.761-762
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• 2000

Waste newspaper is many part of Municipal Solid Waste(MSW). Newspaper consist of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin which biomass components. We could get various compound usable as fuel when pyrolysis of lignin. Therefore, we should get similar phenomena with pyrolysis of newspaper. Highest conversion rate when acetone was used as pyrolysis solvent was $350 {\sim}400^{\circ}C$, $40{\sim}50$minutes.