• Plant Journal
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.46-50
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• 2013

When four operation parameters are adjusted, the temperature of reheater steam is around the designed operator temperature and the decrease of reheater spray flow rate is achieved. As a result, the decrease of thermal efficiency also can be prevented. To keep the reheater exit temperature on the designed value and decrease the use of reheater spray flow rate, the control of four operation parameters is considered and applied in the operation of a thermal power plant.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.41-47
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• 2012

Recently, due to the rapid rise of the international oil price, the burden of fuel oil expense is relatively increasing in a ship. And the international restriction of the greenhouse gas which was generated from the burning of fuel oil is also rapidly strengthened. Therefore, to reduce the greenhouse gas and fuel oil consumption, many shipping company adopted the low speed navigation and it was focused on the improvement of fuel consumption efficiency and the usage of alternative energy in the marine engine development field. In this paper, the fuel oil consumption according to the ship's speed was measured in the actual seas and analyzed the shop test results in the shipyard and the ship navigation data from the abstract log. And then it was proposed that the ship's economic speed was 14~15kts and the optimum rpm was 140~150 in specific sea conditions.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.61-70
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• 2014

The amount of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions has been increasing steadily over the last 3 years (2009~2011), averaging 5.7 percent a year, due to the growth of low cost carriers and the increased demand for air transportations. The present study attempts to investigate the aviation fuel consumption and GHG emissions of Tier 3a type by the flight phase from three aircraft type such as B737-600(routes between Gimpo-Jeju airport), B737-700(routes between Gimpo-Jeju airport and Inchon-Narita), B737-800(routes between Inchon-Narita) using the Flight Operation Quality Assurance(FOQA) data of the year 2011.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2015

The environmental regulations for CO2 emissions from the ship have been established recently, and fuel oil price has been increased continuously. In order to overcome these circumstances, Energy Saving Devices (ESDs) have been developed continuously to reduce the fuel oil consumption and improve the propulsive efficiency. This paper describes the trial performance of PBCF (Propeller Boss Cap Fins), SCHNEEKLUTH duct, Asymmetric rudder bulb and Mewis duct applied to handy-size bulk carriers. As a result, SCHNEEKLUTH duct is more effective than other energy saving devices at the reducing the fuel oil consumption and the improvement of the propulsive efficiency. In addition, it is confirmed that SCHNEEKLUTH duct is really effective in the vibration of the deck house. And the fuel oil consumption can also be reduced through main engine de-rating.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.38-39
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• 2019

Optimal route planning is the route planning to minimize voyage time or fuel consumption in a given ocean environment. Unlike the previous studies on weather routing, this study proposes an optimization method for the route planning to avoid the grounding risk in the coast. The route way-points were searched using Dijkstra algorithm, and then the optimization was performed to minimize fuel consumption by setting the optimization design parameter to the engine rpm. To set the engine rpm, a method to use the fixed rpm from the departure point to the destination point, and a method to use the rpm for each section by dividing the route were used. The ocean environmental factors considered for route planning were wind, wave, and current, and the depth information was utilized to compute grounding risk. The proposed method was applied to the ship passing between Mokpo and Jeju, and then it was confirmed that fuel consumption was reduced by comparing the optimum route and the past navigated route.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.44-54
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• 2014

A standard plastic garbage bag which was discarded from Incheon Metropolitan City was composed of 4.5% recyclable resources (aluminum cans 0.2%, steel cans 2.5%, glass 1.8%), 92.5% resources with recoverable energy (papers 23.0%, plastics 15.5%, combustible etc. 54.0%) and 3.0% non-combustible etc. Recycling is more effective than landfilling for aluminum cans, steel cans, and glass. The energy recovery process using solid refuse fuel (SRF) is more effective than incineration for papers and plastics. Incineration is more effective than recycling for combustible etc. 2,068,948 Million Btu of total energy savings and 21,008 $MTCO_2E$ of total GHG reductions were obtained by the application of the proposed scheme. The total energy savings were equivalent to an economic benefit of 422 billion won per year. The total GHG reductions were equivalent to a GHG benefit of 4,119 passenger cars not running per year. The lower calorific value of the combustible materials was obtained to be 1,936 kcal/kg of papers, 5,079 kcal/kg of plastics and 2,462 kcal/kg of combustible other resources, respectively. If papers and plastics are properly mixed, the mixture can be used as SRF. The lower calorific value of combustible other resources does not meet the quality criteria for refuse derived fuel, therefore its components are inappropriate to used as solid refuse fuel.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.150-157
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• 1997

A precise determination of the fuel efficiency is important because North/South station keeping, which controls the inclination of the geostationary orbit, consumes most of the satellie fuel. We estimate the amount of fuel required during the lifetime of the KOREASAT when MFT(Minimum Fuel Target) technique is adopted, and the result is compared to those when MCT(Maximum Compensation Target) and TBCT(Track-Back Chord Target) technique are applied. From this computation, we find that if MFT technique is adopted, the lifetime of the satellite can be extended at least 45 and 15 days, respectively, compared to those consumed with MCT and TBCT technique.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.15-20
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• 2017

The International Maritime Organization(IMO) has adopted and implemented compulsory regulation for reducing greenhouse gas emission that cause global warming. However, with global warming underway, the IMO plans to enforce voluntary carbon dioxide emissions reduction based on the Ship Energy Efficient Management Plan and the Energy Efficiency Operational Indicator(EEOI) in the near future. Large container ships sail at low speeds in order to save fuel and reduce carbon dioxide emissions. However, bulbous bows designed for high-speed ships decrease fuel efficiency by acting as resistance when reduced speeds are adopted by large container ships. In order to adopt low-speed operations and increase fuel savings, the bulbous bow of a large container ship was modified into the proper shape and size. Fuel consumption was compared for checking the result of EEOI before and after modifying the bulbous bow adopted on low speed operation of large high-speed ships. The results confirmed much larger carbon dioxide emissions reduction than expected. If EEOI would be implemented as compulsory regulation for reducing carbon dioxide emissions, bulbous bow modification can be considered as one of the fuel saving methods for the high-speed ships.

• Journal of the KSME
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.284-290
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• 1984

국내 쓰레기의 일인당 배출량은 외국보다 많은 2 kg/인. 일 정도이나, 주로 연탄재로 인한 것 이며, 발열량은 500 600 kcl/kg 으로 매우 낮아 보조연료가 필요한 수준이다. 따라서 소각로를 건설할 경우 이에 대한 발열량 증가를 위한 행정적인 조치 및 주민계몽의 노력을 기울여야 할 것이다. 국내의 쓰레기 처리방법은 거의 완전히 매립에 의존하고 있으나 외국의 경우는 소각, 매립 자원재활용, 퇴비화 등의 순으로 처리되고 있으므로 우리 나라도 이와 같은 추세를 따라야 할 것이며, 특히 자원재활용을 위한 "오레곤 병법"등과 같은 행정적인 조치는 우리 나라도 조속히 도입하여야 할 것이다. 소각로의 기술은 주로 유럽기술에 의해 지배되고 있으며, 최근 미국의 RDF 및 일본지역의 FBC 개발연구 등도 괄목할 만하다. 그러나 기본적으로, 유럽기술이라 할 지라도 국내 적용을 위해서는 기본적인 국내의 쓰레기 특성에 맞게 사양을 변경하여야 할 것이 므로 국내 실정에 맞는 소각로설계 연구를 추진해야 할 것이다. 특히 우리 나라는 외국보다 저발열량, 고수분 함량의 쓰레기이므로 이를 단순히 보조연료로만 처리하는 것보다 기술적으로 합리적인 보조연료 절감 방안을 강구하여야 할 것이다.하여야 할 것이다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.52-58
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• 2013

Operation Abstract : Operational cost required for navigating a ship may differ from according to type, scale, economic speed, navigation area and other factors. However, it is known that the fuel oil price ratio takes 50~60 %. It is the current trend because of the use of poor quality fuel and it is reviewed even for small to medium sized ships to save the operational costs due to the recent rise of international oil price. Furthermore, ocean carriers are taking action to low speed navigation as the alternative method of reducing fuel consumption. Hence, in this study, fuel consumption of main engine was measured by using actual operating ship data compared with sea speed at sea. It was suggested that the area of M/E's load(70 %) lower than NCR is the optimal navigating condition through the relation between speed and fuel consumption compared with advance ratio together with the load.