• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.213-218
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• 2005

Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma is a most highly malignant variant of chondrosarcoma and approximately 10% of chondrosarcomas dedifferentiated into more anaplastic lesions. In addition to the surgical treatment, adjuvant chemotherapy or radiation therapy has been used but with little success. Thus, the primary treatment remains wide excision and chemotherapy or radiation therapy can be used for palliation. This article shows the case of a dediffderentiated chondrosarcoma occuring in proximal femur after conservative surgical treatment of a low grade chondrosarcoma.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.34 no.11
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• pp.891-894
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• 2001

Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma arising in soft tissue of mediastinum is a very rare tumor. This paper reports an extraskeletal mesenchymal chondrosarcoma occuring in the posterior mediastinum.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.105-112
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• 2007

Purpose: Recent studies have shown increased levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in various human malignancies to include various bone and soft tissue tumors. However, little is known with regard to COX-2 expression patterns in chondroid tumors. Materials and Methods: Immunohistochemistry assays were performed for COX-2 in enchondromas (n=10), chondroblastomas (n=11), chondromyxoid fibromas (n=5), conventional chondrosarcomas (n=17), clear cell chondrosarcomas (n=7), and mesenchymal chondrosarcomas (n=6). Results: Among the benign chondroid tumors, chondroblastomas revealed characteristic strong positivity in 6 of 11 cases(54.5%). All enchondromas and chondromyxoid fibromas were negative except in one case. In conventional chondrosarcomas, three cases(17.6%) were strongly reactive with COX-2 and all positive cases represented grade III chondrosarcomas. Clear cell chondrosarcomas were found to be focally positive in two cases(28.5%), while all mesenchymal chondrosarcomas were negative. Conclusions: These findings suggest that COX-2 overexpression in conventional chondrosarcoma may represent an advanced histologic grade. Interestingly, expression of COX-2 in chondroblastomas could be an important factor for inducing peritumoral inflammatory changes in these specific tumors.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.71-77
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• 2006

Chondrosarcoma is one of the most common types of primary bone sarcoma. With the exception of the mesenchymal subtype, chondrosarcomas are usually low-grade lesions and rarely show multicentricity or distant metastasis. Only rare cases of multicentric chondrosarcomas have been reported in association with Ollier's disease and Maffucci's syndrome. To our knowledge, no report has been issued of a synchronous multicentric chondrosarcoma occurrence across a joint. We experienced a 30-year-old man with a synchronous monomelic juxta-articular multicentric chondrosarcoma across a shoulder joint in the absence of pulmonary and visceral metastases. He was treated by curettage and cement filling with allograft in the acromion and wedge resection with cement filling in the proximal humerus. At the 18-month follow-up, there was no evidence of recurrence, and the patient had full range of motion without pain.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.18-23
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• 2003

Purpose: Delay in the diagnosis of the primary malignant bone tumors may critically influence the chance of the patients' survival and the limb sparing, but the primary malignant bone tumors are so rare that most doctors have little experience in these challenging diseases. The purpose of the current study is to examine the initial symptoms of osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma, and to shorten the delay of diagnosis. Materials and Methods: The data was based on the questionnaires and the medical records from 139 patients whose histological diagnoses were confirmed in the authors' institution. There were 108 patients of osteosarcoma and 31 patients of chondrosarcoma. Eighty-six were male and fifty-three were female. The mean age of the patients was 20.2 years in osteosarcoma, and 42.4 years in chondrosarcoma. Results: The most common symptom that the patient consult the doctor was pain (93.5% of osteosarcoma patients and 61.3% of chondrosarcoma patients). Among them, 76.2% of osteosarcoma and 57.8% of chondrosarcoma patients complained the night pain. The history of trauma was evident in 48.5% of osteosarcoma patients and one patient of chondrosarcoma. At the first medical visit, the malignant bone tumor was suspected in 61.1% of osteosarcoma and 64.5% of chondrosarcoma patients. Fracture was the most common misdiagnosis in osteosarcoma (16.7%), and the osteomyelitis in chondrosarcoma (19.4%). Initial radiographic examination and the adult age were shown to increase the rate of correct diagnosis of both diseases (p<0.05). Patient's delay and doctor's delay were significantly longer in chondrosarcoma patients than in osteosarcoma. Initial radiography led to shorten the doctor's delay, and the axial location of the tumor lengthened the doctor's delay. Trauma and the young age were believed to shorten the patient's delay. Conclusion: Careful history taking, including the night pain and trauma, would be mandatory for the early diagnosis of the primary malignant bone tumors, and the initial radiographic examination and periodic follow-up can increase the rate of correct diagnosis.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.131-135
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• 2006

Chondrosarcoma can be divided into grade I, II and III by histological finding and a relationship between the prognosis and the histological grading has been identified. Although the surgical treatment of grade II and III chondrosarcoma necessitates wide resection margin, there has been controversy about curettage versus wide resection in case of grade I chondrosarcoma. The authors report a case of grade I chondrosarcoma of proximal humerus and grade II chondrosarcoma of distal humerus with good oncological and functional result through curettage and wide resection respectively.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.52-56
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• 2006

There are some malignant changes in multiple osteochondroma to chondrosarcoma, but secondary chondrosarcomas rarely develop in 1~2% of patients with solitary osteochondromas. Chondrosarcomas of the bones of hands and feet are rare, in comparison with their occurrence at other sites. The calcaneus was most commonly involved in the feet, but malignant transformation of solitary osteochondroma of the calcaneum to chondrosarcoma is extremely rare. We report one case of solitary calcaneal mass that grows slowly without pain from 6 years ago. He was 38 aged old man and surgical excision of the mass revealed chondrosarcoma arising from osteochondroma of the calcaneum.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.34 no.12
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• pp.960-963
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• 2001

Huge chondrosarcoma is a rare form of primary malignant tumor of the chest wall. We operated on a 60 year old female patient who had a huge anterior chest wall mass with local invasion into the pericardium and satellite tumors on the visceral pericardium of the heart. En-bloc resection of the huge tumor including both upper 3 ribs, both clavicles, manubrium of the sternum, pleura, and pericarium, was followed by complex chest wall reconstruction using a Gore-tex soft tissue patch and latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous free flap.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.422-426
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• 1998

Progressive dysphagia in a 53 year old man was caused by a giant polypoid tumor in the lower intrathoracic esophagus. Radical transthoracic esophagectomy and esophagogastrostomy were carried out. Microscopic examination of the tumor revealed a true carcinosarcoma, composed of a mixture of basaloid squamous cell carcinoma and chondrosarcoma with multiple cartilagenous productions. Carcinoma metastases were found in the subcarinal and perigastric lymph nodes. Immunohistochemically, squamous area displayed strong positive to cytokeratin, and basaloid area showed positive immunoreaction to high molecular weight cytokeratin (34${\beta}$E12). Spindle cell sarcoma reacted to vimentin and smooth muscle actin. Chondrosarcomatous area reacted to vimentin and S-100 protein. He received postoperative chemotherpy and radiotherapy. He has been free of disease for 11 months.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.219-223
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• 2005

Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma is very rare and mostly occurs in lower extremity, especially femur, head and face, and pelvis in order. An eleven-year old male patient suffered from left heel pain for several months and underwent biopsy at another hospital. A Malignant bone tumor was suspected, so the patient was transferred to our hospital. We reviewed the outside pathologic slide, which revealed the diagnosis of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma. It was treated by a below knee amputation. Three months later, a chest computed tomography (CT) revealed multiple metastatic nodules in both lungs. All metastatic nodules were surgically excised and the patient received postoperative chemotherapy. As far as our knowledge, mesenchymal chondrosarcoma in the calcaneus is the first case in the world. Thus, we report a case of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma in the calcaneus with thorough review of documents.