• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.153-155
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• 2009

Ectopic thyroid glands generally occur in the midline as a result of abnormal median migration, and their presence lateral to the midline is extremly rare. We report a 83-year-old male with anaplastic carcinoma admix papillary carcinoma in the extrathyroid area. We suspected left lateral neck metastasis on preoperative fine needle aspiration result and computed tomography. the patient underwent total thyroidectomy and left selective neck dissection(level II, III, IV, V). The patient was diagnosed as having an ectopic thyroid gland on the lateral neck with anaplastic carcinoma admix papillry carcinoma. The patient is alive without incident of tumor recurrence at 5month after surgery and radiotherapy.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.10-17
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• 1995

Anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid gland is one of the most malignant tumors. Recently, DNA ploidy measured by flow cytometry and image analysis has been suggested as an additional useful indicator of tumor behavior. Studies on the occurrence and clinical significance of DNA aneuploidy in anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid are rare. In this study, the pattern of DNA ploidy was measured by image analysis on Papanicolaou stained slides in four cases of anaplastic carcinoma and also measured by flow cytometry using paraffin blocks in two cases. In all cases of anaplastic carcinoma, DNA aneuploidy was found by image analaysis. By flow cytometry, one case had a diploid peak and the other case had an aneuploid peak. According to the above results, we conclude that anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid glands have a high incidence of DNA aneuploidy and image analysis using Papanicolaou stained slides is a useful method in detecting DNA aneuploidy.

• 대한기관식도과학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.151-158
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• 1995

Anaplastic carcinoma of thyroid gland account for no more than 10% of thyroid cancer, but it shows extremely poor prognosis. The purpose of this study is to review the outcome of patients with anaplastic carcinoma over the span of 5 years and to determine the patterns of clinical presentation, age, sex and other possible prognostic variables. We analyzed 30 cases of anaplastic carcinoma retrospectively from 1991 to 1995. There were 14 men and 16 women. There age ranged 33 to 75 years with a mean of 61.0 years. Sixteen patients presented with transformationqr of well differentiated carcinoma to anaplastic carcinoma, 1 with rapid in-crease in the size of long standing goiter, 8 with rapidly growing neck mass and 4 with meta static disease. Twenty-eight patients(93.3%) showed cervical lymphnode metastasis at presentation and twenty three patients(76.6%) showed laryngotracheal invasion. Nine patients (30.3%) showed distant metastasis. Treatment modalities included surgical resection, external irradiation, radioactive iodine and systemic chemotherapy. At decision making of treatment plan, we considered completeness of initial surgery, uptake rate of whole body radioactive io-dine scan, locoregional progression and distant metastasis. The median survival was 6.8 months and three cases survived beyond 12 months.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.187-192
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• 1995

Anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid (ACT) is a rare subtype of thyroid neoplasm. This tumor represents approximately 5-10% of all thyroid malignancies and has poor prognosis ACT often arises on a long-standing thyroid nodule and has been documented to be associated with a variety of more well-differentiated thyroid carcinomas. We experienced a case of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma who had had about a year history of thyroid getter. The patient had been injected with sclerosing agents in treatment of preexisting golfer. The ACT in this case had varied cytologic and histologic appearances: pleomorphic, giant cell, spindle and squamoid. Immunohistochemically, strong cytoplasmic positivity for cytokeratin was seen in all kinds of tumor cells. Ultrastructurally, the evidences of epithelial differentiation were seen such as intercellular junctions and tonofibrils.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.43-53
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• 2007

목 적: 비인강암종 환자들의 종양조직으로부터 EGFR, p53, Cox-2, Bcl-2 단백발현정도를 측정하고 임상양상, 치료성적과의 관련성을 조사하여 이들 단백이 치료에 대한 반응 및 예후를 예측할 수 있는 생물학적 표지자(biomarker)로 이용할 수 있는지 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1988년 3월 1일부터 2002년 8월 15일까지 성모병원과 강남성모병원에서 비인강암으로 진단받고 근치적 방사선치료와 항암치료를 받았던 환자 104명 중 파라핀 블록이 보존되어 있는 75명을 대상으로 하여 후향적 분석을 시행하였다. 병기는 2002년에 개정된 AJCC로 재분류하였으며, 대상환자의 Hematoxylin-Eosin 염색 슬라이드를 두경부 병리 전문의사가 재검토하여 WHO 분류에 맞게 환자군을 분류하였으며 역형성(anaplasia) 유무, 유사분열(mitosis) 빈도 측정 등 병리조직학적 소견을 확인하였다. EGFR, p53, Cox-2, Bcl-2 단백발현 정도를 면역조직 화학염색을 통해 측정하였으며 이들 단백의 발현정도와 임상병기, 치료성적과의 관련성을 조사하였다. 결 과: 전체 104명 환자의 추적기간은 $5.5{\sim}201$개월이었고 3년 생존율은 68.7%, 5년 생존율은 53.5%, 중앙생존기간은 85.5개월이었으며 3년 무병생존율은 68.2%, 5년 무병생존율은 51.5%, 중앙무병생존기간은 61.1개월이었다. WHO 분류 2와 3 종양은 완전관해율이 높아 항암방사선치료(chemoradiotherapy)에 대한 반응성이 높은 경향을 보였으며(p=0.075), 상대적으로 진단당시 림프절전이율이 높았고, 원격전이할 확률이 높았다. p53은 발현 정도가 증가함에 따라 생존율이 떨어지고 유사분열은 증가하였다. Bcl-2 발현이 증가함에 따라 재발률이 떨어지는 경향을 보였으며, WHO 분류와 연관성을 보였다. Cox-2의 발현이 증가함에 따라 생존율이 떨어지고, 림프절치료율도 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 EGFR은 어떤 인자와도 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. 결 론: 비인강암에서 치료 후 예후를 예측할 수 있는 생물학적 표지자의 가능성을 가진 것으로 보고되고 있는 Cox-2, p53, Bcl-2, EGFR에 대한 연구결과 Cox-2, p53, Bcl-2의 발현정도는 항암방사선치료후 반응률, 생존율, 재발률과 연관을 보여 향후 치료결과를 예측할 수 있는 예후인자로서의 이용가능성이 있음을 알 수 있었으며 보다 실용적인 생물학적 표지자의 규명을 위해서 향후 보다 많은 환자를 대상으로 한 전향적 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.