• Iberoamérica
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.99-122
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• 2020

The design and implementation of the so-called Mexican Fourth Transformation(Cuarta Transformacion, 4T), as an alternative form of government, faces daily the attack and violence of conservatism through a permanent campaign that seeks to instill fear in society, based on a web of lies that tries to create the image of a situation of political ungovernance in the public opinion. This work is a documentary analysis that accounts for the types of harassment of the conservative elite against the 4T; the objective is to show the forms of violence that threaten democracy. In conclusion, this study attempts to argue that the violence that conservative neoliberals caused against the 4T has its origin in that they feel threatened, because the reform policy of AMLO goes against their class interests.

• Iberoamérica
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.127-158
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• 2019

In this paper, the variation in coda /ɾ/ is analyzed in the Spanish of the Tupe district in Peru. The work was carried out on the corpus of 24 semi-structured interviews. Four variants of /-ɾ/ were distinguished and 1920 tokens were analyzed. Praat was used to recognize and describe the variants and two statistical analysis were carried out: descriptive analysis and probabilistic analysis using the statistical program Goldvarb X. The results obtained from the analysis show that the assibilated variant is favored in the prepausal position and before homorganic consonants. The frequency of occurrence was very low before other consonants. Regarding the social factor that contributes to the assimilated variant, the young and middle-aged men (from 20 to 60), those who did not live more than a year on the Peruvian coast and male speakers favor it.

• Iberoamérica
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.115-143
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• 2019

This article analyzes the relationship between Mexican writer Alfonso Reyes and the group of thinkers, writers, and critics that conformed the Ateneo de la Juventud, in order to show the reciprocal influence that existed between them. The article also considers the Ateneo's role in breaking from the old Positivist model and the acceptance of new ideas around spiritualism, youthfulness, the creation of a thinking and critical sphere, and intellectual aristocracy, among others. The relationship between the ideas of the Ateneo de la Juventud and the Mexican Revolution are discussed, as well as the social and cultural practices of dialogue and friendship, which are considered to be key to understanding the manifestations of intellectual sociability that took place at the turn of the century in Mexico and Latin America. The article also presents an overview of the role that the reading of classical texts and modern thinkers (Nietzsche, Schopenhauer, Bergson, Boutroux among others) had for ateneístas, as well as the way in which they preserved an arielista sense of a relationship between knowledge, ethics, and aesthetics as formative keys for the ideas men of their time.

• Iberoamérica
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.107-125
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• 2019

How to conceive fraternity in difference? I will hold two premises to answer this question. First: fraternity is an ineradicable element of the Political. Second: the recognition of fraternity in difference is a precondition for the consolidation of fraternal relations in Latin America in the context of coloniality. On the same path, I will show that fraternity must be thought of as difference in order to face the logic of neoliberal life imposed by capitalism in globalization. The articulation of both premises in the political praxis would contribute to the preservation of our life in common; in conditions of dignified existence. The fraters of precariousness and vulnerability are the ones who can re-establish being-with- and being-together.

• Iberoamérica
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.119-145
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• 2012

This paper deals with the study of how the 'birth' of Brazil happened and how the European utopianism was represented in Brazilian Informative Literature of the sixteenth century, that is, the first literary manifestations of Brazil. There were at that time the Renaissance humanism and the scientific development that encouraged dozens of illustrious navigators for new discoveries ultra-seas, like Christopher Columbus who discovered America. Writings such as Letter to King Manuel of Pero Vaz de Caminha, had mostly an intention to inform Europeans about climates, indians and possibility to discover gold or silver. Main narrative characteristics were uncertainty and exageration, which ironically helped to attract more discoveries and explorations in the New World. Americo Vespucio's Mundus Novus inspired Thomas More to write Utopia, in which the author described through a Portuguese sailor the ideal but unrealizable society. Utopianism regarding the imaginary island of 'Brazi', well known among Europeans since long ago, may have influenced the current name of the country: 'Brazil'. On the other hand, utopianism shown in Brazilian Informative Literature worked as a justification for Europeans to explore and colonize the New World.

• Iberoamérica
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.271-295
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• 2016

In dialogue with the concepts of State of Emergency and Bare Life developed by Giorgio Agamben (1998), this paper explores the novel La transmigración de los cuerpos (2013) by Yuri Herrera, to see how the author builds a narrative space where the logic of the state of emergency is a detonator of the fictional plot. This analysis underlines how Herrera articulates a poetics of precariousness and violence to draw a map of desolation and despair recognizable through the cardinal points of death, fear, corruption and an agonizing will to survive. In this unnamed universe the characters' bodies are subject to violence from the State and from criminals.

• Iberoamérica
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.111-142
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• 2012

Rodolfo Walsh es historiador de su propio tiempo, protagonista y testigo que escribió para dar testimonio. Sus obras pertenecen a un instante, a la historia. El escritor habla en nombre de la verdad y denuncia los manejos del poder. El trata de desmontar y hacer la crítica de la escritura oficial y sus medios, lo que trae como consecuencia el develamiento del funcionamiento del aparato de Estado en América Latina. Sus obras que marcan la historia trágica de Argentina tienen un alto nivel de calidad. Para él la ficción es el arte de la elipsis y trabaja con la alusión, y su construcción es antagónica con la estética urgente del compromiso y las simplificaciones del realismo social. Este trabajo tiene como objeto investigar las estrategias narrativas de Rodolfo Walsh a través de las tres obras principales (Operación Masacre, ¿Quién mató a Rosendo?, Esa mujer), y revelar la visión del mundo que nos muestra. Al fin podremos saber la estructura significativa representada en sus obras.

• Iberoamérica
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.151-188
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• 2014

This work aims to describe pragmatic strategies and linguistic features of replies that occur in the comment section of online newspapers. The dominant media in this digital age is the Internet and its rapid development and expansion of use have contributed not only to the change of the form of production of journalistic texts, but also to the consumption of those texts. In the past, the news was transmitted in a unidirectional way but now readers of online newspapers do not remain passively reading the articles. They actively participate in the exchange of opinions with other readers. The individual consumption of journalistic texts has become a collective and social act. The purpose of the study is to investigate the communication intention of the users of comment sections and analyze the linguistic formulation of replies. We attempt to discover specific aspects of replies and responses for online newspaper articles, considering them as an independent type of Computer Mediated Communication (Internet Mediated Communication). Observing language attitudes appearing in the electronic environment and discovering the characteristics of the Spanish language on the Internet will allow us to contribute to understand the theoretical aspects related to the CMO better.

• Iberoamérica
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.351-388
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• 2011

Many global business failures have been ascribed to a lack of intercultural competence, especially to a lack of an adequate conceptualization and definition of intercultural competence, focusing instead on the knowledge, skills, and attributes that appear to be its antecedents. Intercultural competence should be perceived as multifaceted important components of global management capabilities. Depending on the related concepts of intercultural competence, such as global mindset, intercultural sensitivity, and cultural intelligence, dynamic aspects of intercultural competence as learning process are suggested. Also, the domain of intercultural competence in the context of global management or business comprised three dimensions - perception management, relationship management, and self management. Each dimension is characterized by facets that further delineate aspects of intercultural competence. With respect to the domain of intercultural competence, appropriateintercultural training methods should be designed. In practice, human resource managers may benefit from gaining knowledge about which measures to use for identifying employee's weakness in intercultural competence in order to create appropriate training programs.

• Iberoamérica
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-39
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• 2011

O presente estudo tem como objetivo principal analisar a influência de vocabulários de origem africana em uso no português brasileiro(PB). A fim disso, observamos os tipos e as características das línguas africanas. E ainda, para compreender a situação atual de uso desses termos no Brasil, apresentamos um panorama do registro dos vocábulos de origem africana no PB, e organizamos os vocabulários em três categorias, especialmente, nos registros dos séculos XIX e XX. Em primeiro, a categoria 1 pode ser usada em qualquer interação social, contrastando com as outras duas categorias. Em segundo, a categoria 2 é constuída de termos informais, de uso coloquial que, eventualmente, dependendo da situação, são substituídos por outras. Por último, a categoria 3 é de termos marcadamente informais, de uso restrito. Através disso, comparamos os registros anteriores com os dados obtidos da nossa pesquisa. Com os resultados, podemos reconhecer a estabilidade e o dinamismo do uso desses termos hoje no PB.