• The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery
• /
• v.14 no.6
• /
• pp.26-34
• /
• 2011

Waterhammer and slamming phenomena can occur when power is cut off due to reversal flow in pipeline and sudden close of check valve. Therefore analysis of reversal flow time, which means the time of reversal flow in pipeline due to pumping station blackout, is needed to protect facilities from waterhammer economically and efficiently. However systematic study on reversal flow time has not been done yet. So theory of reversal flow time analysis is proposed and verified with experiment using several parameters like pump specific speed, motor pole number, and characteristic curve of pipeline in this study.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.138-144
• /
• 1998

Purpose : The use of cyclosporine and mitomycin in various immunologic or neoplastic disorders has been known to cause wide-ranged nephrotoxic effects including thrombotic microangiopathy. However, the mechanism of nephrotoxicity of these drugs has not been studied adequately, so that present experimental study has been undertaken to find out whether these drugs can cause direct damage to the kidney and to clarify the pathogenetic mechanism of nephrotoxic effect of these drugs. Materials and methods : Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 250-300 gm were used for experimental animals and unilateral renal perfusion technique, modified from the method described by Hoyer et al was used. Isolation of left kidney from systemic circulation was made by clamping aorta and left renal vein and a hole was punctured in the anterior wall of the left renal vein. Cyclosporine (2.5 mg in 4 ml solution) and mitomycin (1.6 mg in 4ml solution) were infused through left renal artery and normal saline was used in control rats. Forty-eight hours after infusion of the drugs, animals were sacrificed and left kidney removed and processed for histologic examination. Total ischemic time of left kidney was less than 15 minutes: Results : Cyclosporine-perfused group showed severe swelling of glomerular endothelial ceil along with swelling of glomerular epithelial cell and interstitial vascular endothelial cell. Mitomycin-perfused group also showed severe swelling of glomerular endothelial and epithelial cells. And in addition to these findings, they demonstrated platelets aggregation, swelling and degranulation of platelets and fibrin accumulation in some of the capillaries, indicating occurrance of thrombotic microangiopathy. Conclusion : present experiment indicates that cyclosporine and mitomycin can cause direct toxic injury to renal endothelial cell. And this direct toxic damage to endothelial cell seems to be an important initiating event for the development of thrombotic microangiopathy.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.18-23
• /
• 1999

A numerical model of flow velocity in the standing water system is presented. This model(RMA-2), based on the 2-dimensional unsteady momentum and continuity equations, uses finite element techniques to simulate the distribution of velocity over a spatial location of lakes. The present model represents an improvement over existing numerical water quality models in that it can model the unsteady state and can, therefore, cope with time with a spatial location of standing waters such as lakes and large reservoirs. The model thus allows the engineer to do more accurate estimation of water flows and thus water qualities in standing waters where directions and velocities of the flow become more important for the simulation of the water quality than in running waters. Tests for the data collected in the lake "Paldang" indicates that the model works well under limited circumstances. However, to be more accurate estimation of velocity with the present model, accumulation of data for the measurement of velocities and renovation of geometrical conditions of the lake would be needed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.7 no.4
• /
• pp.531-538
• /
• 2006

Grating is an installed structure on the road for drain. This paper proposes a new product which can prevent the accumulation of earth and sand through the improvement of Grating structure. There were usually harmful insects and bad smell because of accumulated garbage in the frame of previous product. The product had a reverse-flowing sewage due to the bad draining in case of rain. The whole thing of the existing Grating installed with the one set of frame and main body should be changed when it was damaged. This study is to develop a structure which can separate grating main body from frame and grating main body can equip and separate after fixing frame to the manhole with cement. also install jig for the loss prevention and change for the better.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.27 no.5
• /
• pp.687-700
• /
• 1995

The thermal-hydraulic transient analysis of the proposed CANDU-9 plant was peformed. Several major transients ore analyzed if they meet the heat transport system design requirements. The proposed heat transport system configuration and the preliminary sizes of system equipment are justified by analysis in terms of the fuel integrity and the high system pressure limit during transients. The compliance with AECB R-77 requirements for CANDU-9 reactor was estimated. The analysis results showed that for each postulated accident the peak pressure values in the reactor headers are within the acceptance criteria given in ASME code requirements and the fuel overheating is prevented. One pump start-up during the reactor start-up operation was analyzed to investigate the How reversal through the fuel channel, which is specific in the proposed CANDU-9 plant.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.713-720
• /
• 2007

Grating is an installed structure on the road for drain. This paper proposes a new product which can prevent the accumulation of earth and sand through the improvement of Grating structure. There were usually harmful insects and bad smell because of accumulated garbage in the frame of previous product. The whole thing of the existing. This study is to separate grating from body. Also body structure consists of frame and box for collecting sewage. Thus, earth and sewage are prevented from accumulating in the drain main hole. The contents of this study is designed safely after structure analysis and vibration shape analysis about new products.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.30-40
• /
• 2010

The freeway congestion is largely generated by a mainline spillover of the exit ramp queue. So it is necessary to study for modeling of the phenomenon and applying the model. In this study, the authors evaluated applicability of the Supply-Demand model, which can express traffic flow for the freeway by applying flexibly supply and demand curves for capacity of the freeway. First the authors proposed methods processing input data required in the Supply-Demand model, such as sending & receiving functions and time-varying capacity constraints for the freeway mainline. After modeling the Supply-Demand application model, the authors applied the model to the site including congested Hongeun exit ramp in Seoul Ring-road, and improved the model by adjusting application techniques and calibrating parameters. The result of the analysis showed that the Supply-Demand model yielded a queuing pattern and queue location similar to them observed in the field data, and applicability of the Supply-Demand model was varified.

• Fire Science and Engineering
• /
• v.24 no.6
• /
• pp.153-159
• /
• 2010

In this study, we confirmed the fact that air egress velocity of pressure differential system installed at vestibule of smokeproof stairway in domestic high-rise building becomes back-flow to stair-lobby at upper vestibule. Rather it do not back-flow to the livingroom. when fire occur and the door opens to escape from fire zone. so we carry out actual and computational fluid dynamics measurement. In the case upward 45 gradient of supply damper's blade, The simulation results that air flow of upper vestible is steady but back-flow phenomenon occurred at the bottom. However, in the case of $4m^2$, direction of the flow was ideal to living room. If a vestibule’s area is smaller, it must be designed and built according to performance-based design.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.26 no.5B
• /
• pp.459-467
• /
• 2006

In this study, hydraulic and numerical model experiments were performed to analyze and improve the effects of flow-rate increase in the intake canal of Boryeong Thermal Power Plants on the flow condition in the circulation water pump (CWP) chambers. Based on the numerical simulation results, when the flow-rate increased in the circulation water intake canal, the velocity in the canal and vertical vorticities in the circulation water pump chambers increased and hence the vortex occurrence potential would be greatly increased. It was found by performing hydraulic model experiments that the velocity distribution near the bottom in the inlet of the circulation water pump chambers was highly non-uniform while the velocity distribution near the water surface was nearly uniform. To reduce the non-uniformity in the velocity distribution, triangular flow deflectors were devised. The installation of the flow deflectors in the inlet of circulation water pump chambers was successfully to reduce velocity non-uniformities and to remove flow reversal problems.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2009.05a
• /
• pp.1903-1907
• /
• 2009

최근 도입 필요성이 계속하여 높아지고 있는 지하방수로 유입구로는 유입구 효율과 성능으로 인하여 와류식 유입구가 많이 적용되고 있다. 그 중 나선식 유입구(spiral intake)는 가장 일반적으로 사용되는 형식으로 초기에 활용되었던 원형 유입구(circular intake)를 대신하여 사용되는 형식이다. 형태적인 복잡성에 도 불구하고 형식상의 특성으로 인하여 와류(vortex)를 안정적으로 형성시키기 때문에 많이 사용되고 있다. 나선식 지하방수로 유입구가 사용되는 가장 큰 이유는 유입구 내부에서도 수위가 안정적으로 유지되며, 유입 유량에 따른 수위의 변화가 다른 유입구 형식에 비하여 비교적 안정적으로 예측 가능하기 때문이며, 만약 지하방수로 유입구 내부에서 수위가 안정적으로 유지되지 못하고 도수 현상 등에 의한 수위 상승 현상 등이 발생하는 경우 지하방수로 내부로 안정적으로 유량을 배제하는 것이 어려워지고, 또한 도수 현상이 발생하는 동안 과도한 유량이 유입될 경우 다시 본류로 흐름이 역류할 가능성도 생각할 수 있다. 따라서 유입구 형상에 따른 수위의 변화를 정확히 예측하는 것이 매우 중요해 진다. 본 연구에서 검토될 나선식 종경사형 유입구(inclined spiral intake)는 일정한 바닥 경사를 도입하여 사류 흐름을 보다 안정적으로 가속시켜 유입구 내부에서의 도수 현상을 방지하는 형식으로 유입구 바닥의 외측 또는 중앙선을 따라서 일정한 경사를 주어 사류 유입 흐름을 안정적으로 유도함으로서 유량 배제 효율을 높인 형태라 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 유입구 외측을 기준으로 일정한 경사(5.0 %, 7.5 %, 10.0%, 12.5%)를 가진 나선식 종경사형 유입구 모형을 제작하여 유입 유량 변화에 따른 유입구 내부에서 수위-유량관계를 확인하였다