• Korean Journal of Labor Studies
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.59-93
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• 2008

본 논문은 한국고용정보원의 '대졸자 직업이동경로조사(2007)' 자료를 활용하여 청년 고학력자의 성별 노동시장 차별이 존재하는지를 확인하고자 하였다. 청년 고학력층은 경력단절, 육아와 가사부담에 따른 노동시장 차별을 비교적 덜 받을 것으로 예상된다는 점에서 이들 집단에서의 차별 존재는 최근 노동시장 문제를 파악하는 데 있어 매우 중요한 의미가 있다. 우리는 성별 노동시장 차별을 분석하기 위해서 차별에 관한 실증분석 방법으로 일반적으로 많이 사용되는 오하카 요인분해 모형을 활용하였다. 특히 고용차별을 확인하기 위해서 이항선택 모형에 적용한 요인분해 분석방법을 활용하였다. 전반적인 결론은 청년층 고학력자 여성들도 청년층 고학력자 남성에 비해 고용 및 임금차별을 경험한다는 것이다. 특히 본 연구에서는 성별 임금차별 뿐만 아니라 비정규고용 및 비공식고용과 같은 고용형태상의 차별도 확인할 수 있었다. 연령, 4년제졸 여부, 결혼여부가 성별 고용 및 임금격차를 초래하는 주요 요인으로 분석되었다.

• 건강소식
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.12-13
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• 2013

담배에 대한 첫 번째 질문. 흡연은 습관일까? 질병일까? 혹시 습관이라고 답했다면 당신의 담배에 대한 인식이 적어도 20년은 뒤쳐졌다. 흡연에 따른 건강악화가 사회적 문제로 대두되면서 흡연은 '질병'으로 인식되는 추세이다. 특히 성장이 끝나지 않은 청년기의 흡연이나 임신과 출산을 겪을 여성의 흡연은 더 큰 사회적 문제로 부각되고 있다. 청소년과 여성의 흡연, 무엇이 문제일까?

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.53-78
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• 2021

The concept of household labor is composed of housework and family care, and it provides a framework for understanding daily life from the perspective of work-life balance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the household labor time of Korean adults by gender and generation over the last 20 years. Data was taken from the five Statistics Korea Life Time Surveys from 1999 (t1) to 2019 (t5) (n=69,196). The major results are as follows: first, gender and generation were found to have a significant relationship with household labor time over the study period. Household labor time for females was 3.8 times that of males in 1999, but females' household labor time decreased over the next 20 years while males' increased, including both housework and family care. The female participation rate in household work also remained steady, while that for males increased. Second, in the younger and middle generations, a similar gender and generational pattern was seen. Third, in the older generation, household time and participation rates for both females and males increased. The family welfare policy and theoretical implications of these results are discussed.

• Proceedings of the SOHE Conference
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• 2004.12a
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• pp.69-69
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• 2004

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.313-321
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• 2019

This study investigated the themes of self-esteem memories in female adults. Self-esteem memories mean memories that are focused on evaluations of the self and the themes of them are classified as achievement or social relationship. Eighteen young adults(M=21.56), fifteen middle aged adults(M=54.13), and twenty older adults(M=74.35), totally fifty three female adults participated. They recalled 4 positive and 4 negative self-esteem memories respectively. The results showed that memories of positive and negative self-worth frequently focused on relationship themes, and this tendency was significant in positive memory of young adults and negative memory of middle aged adults. This suggests that social relationship is a dominant cultural value in Korea. Links between interpersonal relationship and positive/negative self-esteem memories are explained by culture, gender and developmental tasks. Further researches about the differences by sex and life scripts in the content of self-esteem memories are needed.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.173-190
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• 2020

본 연구는 2014년부터 2019년 9월 현재 신용보증기금의 자료를 이용하여 5,521 샘플의 중소상공인의 금융실태를 최초로 광범위하게 분석하였다. 중소상공인의 비중은 남성 장년층이 압도적인데 여성의 경우 청년의 비중이 높은 편이다. 기업 대부분에서 창업자와 대표자가 동일인이다. 상시 및 비상시 직원수는 5명이하가 83%에 달한다. 역시 80% 이상의 중소상공인이 2억 미만의 금액에 대하여 대출보증 서비스를 이용하고 있다. 신보의 재무등급점수는 100점 만점 중 10점 이하의 기업이 47%에 달한다. 2018년 연매출액 평균은 17억원 정도다. 같은 기간 중 부채비율의 평균은 361%다. 본 연구는 향후 중소상공인에 대한 연구와 정책개발에 중요하게 활용될 것으로 기대한다.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.9
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• pp.205-214
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• 2021

The purpose of this Convergence study was to provide basic data to prevent and intervene in depression of the young adult by examining the effect of COVID-19 on depression in single-person households, focusing on gender differences. The research was conducted with 198 male and 218 female young adults were sampled from the Seoul Welfare Survey(2020) and data were analyzed through hierarchical regression analysis. As a result of the analysis, negative changes in employment, income, and emotions due to Corona significantly increased the level of depression among young people. And the effects of COVID-19 sub-factors were different between male and female. Based on result, clinical and policy implications were suggested for managing with depression among youth in our society in consideration of gender differences in crisis situations such as COVID-19.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.1-32
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• 2016

The purpose of this article is to examine the change of employment expectation using the wave 7-11 (2010-2014) of Korea Education and Employment Panel(KEEP). The three main variables are the reservation wage, which has been studied by labor economists for a long time, the convenient working environment factor, the desired job factor. Last two of which are extracted from the 15 survey questions about employment expectation using the factor analysis. Our estimates suggest that male have a higher reservation wage than female while female have a higher level of expectation overall. Women attach more importance to working environment especially. Also, university students have a higher reservation wage and set a higher value on the desired job than employees and job seekers.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.67-80
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• 2020

This study has been conducted at a time when Korean government continues to extend support for youth startups as part of its policy to create jobs and the focus moves from career and employment to youth startups with a growing interest in the field of youth startups. Against this background, this study aims to identify difficulty factors of youth startups in areas besides the Seoul Metropolitan Area, seek ways to overcome difficulty factors, and propose policy implications. To this end, this study set five criteria and 25 sub-criteria to evaluate the difficulties of youth startups by reviewing previous studies and conducting literature review, and performing brainstorming method. The empirical analysis of the evaluation criteria was performed, using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method, on youths aged 19 to 39 in Gunsan area. The analysis results showed that the largest difficulty factors facing local youths include business model establishment, business administration and management, and startup funding in the criteria. As for sub-criteria, the largest difficulty factors are market information acquisition, technology commercialization, project feasibility, technology development, and new market pioneering in descending order. Local youths have much difficulty about the process of turning a business item into a product and commercializing it. According to a comparative analysis by gender, men were a relatively high difficulty in commercializing business models than women. men were a relatively high difficulty in commercializing business models than women. On the other hand, women were higher than men in all factors (management management, entrepreneurship, improvement of entrepreneurship system, and improvement of entrepreneurship awareness) except for factors affecting business model. In addition, the factors of entrepreneurship were found to be relatively different among young people (college students, prospective entrepreneurs, entrepreneurs). In conclusion, it was suggested that in order to revitalize youth entrepreneurship in the region, it is necessary to actively resolve the difficulties of business model commercialization rather than entrepreneurship funds. In addition, it is necessary to strategically support customized entrepreneurship support and situational administrative services because gender and hierarchical difficulties are different than general solutions. This study presented practical priorities and derivation methods for the entrepreneurship difficulties faced by local youth, and suggested measures and improvements for vitalizing local youth entrepreneurship in the future.

• Economic Analysis
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.66-122
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• 2019

As the Korean economy grew, employment expanded steadily, with the number of economically active people increasing and the employment-to-population rate also increasing. However, the working age population started to decline in 2017, and the employment of women and young people has been sluggish. The proportion of non-salaried workers in Korea is much higher than in other OECD countries, and is also excessive, considering Korea's income levels. In addition, the proportion of non-regular workers and the proportion of workers employed at small companies are particularly high among salaried workers. In light of these characteristics of Korean employment, the urgent problems facing the employment structure can be summarized by the deepening dual structure of the labor market, the increase in youth unemployment, sluggish female employment figures, and an excessive share of self-employment. Overall, it is seen that labor market duality is the main structural factor of the employment problems in Korea. Therefore, in order to fundamentally address this employment problem, it is necessary to concentrate policy efforts on alleviating labor market duality.