• 아동학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.233-249
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• 2017

Objective: This study examined the effects of maternal grandmothers' positive parenting behavior and mothers' self-differentiation and positive parenting behavior on self-concept in late childhood. Methods: A total of 341 $5^{th}$- and $6^{th}$- grade elementary school children and their mothers participated in the study. Children were surveyed regarding perceptions of their mothers' positive parenting behavior and their own self-concept. Mothers responded to questionnaires regarding both positive parenting behavior of their mothers and their own self-differentiation. The data were analyzed using SEM. Results: Maternal grandmothers' positive parenting behavior had an indirect effect through mothers' self-differentiation and positive parenting behavior on children's self-concept. Mothers who perceived positive parenting behavior in their mothers in their childhood showed positive parenting behavior (as perceived by their children), and those children reported a higher level of self-concept. Mothers who perceived their mother's parenting behavior in their childhood more positively reported a higher level of self-differentiation, and those mothers showed more positive parenting behavior (as perceived by their children), which led to more positive self-concept in children. Conclusion: The findings specify the pathways from maternal grandmothers' positive parenting behavior to children's self-concept through mothers' self-differentiation and positive parenting behavior in an aspect of the intergenerational transmission of parenting. The findings also emphasize the importance of mothers' positive parenting behavior for positive self-concept in late childhood.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.786-794
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• 2002

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate how adolescents' behavior is correlated with child abuse they experience, and how childrearing attitude of mothers perceived by the adolescents is correlated with child abuse experience by the adolescents. Method: A convenient sampling strategy was used. A total of 160 adolescents participated in this study. Of the 160 responses, 116 were used for final analysis. The data were analyzed using K-YSR program and SPSSWIN. Result: The results were as follows. Mild child abuse experiences reported by the subjects were Throwing the object at me (12.9%, N = 15), Clutching and pushing (12.9%, N = 15), and Slapping on the cheek (14.7%, N = 17)'. Severe child abuse experiences reported by the subjects were Kicking, pounding and biting (10.3%, N = 10), Rod, stick, belt, broom beating using various objects (41.4%, N = 38), and Beating all over the body (6.7%, N = 8). Very severe child abuse experiences reported by the subjects were Burning with cigarette (0.4%, N = 1), Threatening me with objects such as a knife, a hammer, an axe, or a gimlet (0.8%, N = 2). Injuring me with the objects (0.4%, N = 1), and Hospitalized by belting (0.4%, N = 1). In terms of correlations among the main study variables, physical child abuse had significant positive correlations with externalizing problem (r=.271, p=.001) and total behavioral problem (r=.288, p=.002). Physical child abuse also had a significant positive correlation with authoritarian childrearing attitude of mother (r=.363, p=.000). Physical child abuse had significant negative correlations with mothers affectionate childrearing attitude (r=-.191, p=.050) and active participative childrearing attitude (r=-.101, p=.035). Conclusion: Mothers childrearing attitude is a salient factor for preventing child abuse. In addition, child abuse is an important factor for preventing adolescent's behavioral problem.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.107-114
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships among preschoolers' smartphone addiction tendency, problem behaviors, and parenting efficacy of the mothers of these children. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive study design was used with self-administered questionnaires. A total of 83 mothers of preschoolers aged 4-6 years and their preschool teachers from a kindergarten participated in the study. Results: Mean daily time spent by the preschoolers on smartphones was about 45 minutes/day. About 40% spent more than 60 minutes/day on smartphones. The majority (69.8%) used smartphones without adult supervision. The level of smartphone addiction tendency among the preschoolers was $1.52{\pm}0.45$ on a 4-point scale. Preschoolers whose mothers use smartphones for more than 60 minutes/day showed a higher level of smartphone addiction tendency than preschoolers whose mothers use smartphones for less than 60 minutes/day. Also smartphone addiction tendency among preschoolers had a positive correlation with hyperactive-distractible behavior (r=.228, p=.038) and a negative correlation with parenting efficacy of their mothers (r=-.299, p=.006). Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that preschooler's smartphone addiction tendency is significantly associated with hyperactive-distractible behaviors of the children and low parenting efficacy among their mothers. Therefore well-designed care plans for these populations should be provided to decrease smartphone addiction tendency.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.132-141
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was conducted to describe mother's child-rearing attitudes and problem conduct of children as perceived by children and to examine correlation between maternal nurturing attitudes and child problem behavior. Method: The participants were 338 fifth and sixth graders who attended two randomly selected elementary schools in the city of G, Gangwon province. Child-rearing attitudes of the mother were rated on a 5-pointed scale that developed by Schaefer and added by Oh & Lee(1982). Problem conduct of children were rated on a 3-pointed scale of the K-YSR by Oh Kyung-Ja et al.(1997). The data were gathered from October 2 to October 28, 2004, and the collected data were analyzed with SPSS 10.0 program. Results: For the children's perception of mother's child-rearing attitude, student had a relatively high mean scores of 3.70±0.44. Correlations between the mother's child-rearing attitude and general characteristics of the children showed statistically significantly different according to grade, father-mother relations, type of residence and extent to which father shared household chores. The mean score for problem conducts of children was 0.47±0.25. The average for their internal behavior problems was 0.52±0.33, and for external behavior problems was 0.44±0.24. There were statistically significantly differences in the behavior problem scores of the children according to the general characteristics of grade, education, occupation, mother-father relations, extent to which father shared in household chores and religion. As to correlation between mother's child-rearing attitude and their problem conduct, every type of attitude had a significantly moderate reverse correlation to every type of behavior problem of the children(r=-.431, p=.000). Conclusion: Mother's child-rearing attitudes might affect the problem conduct of children, and mother should try to treat their children with affection and respect, to maintain good relations with father, and to bring their children up coherently in an autonomous, permissive, positive and democratic manner.

• 아동학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.151-177
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• 2013

The present study employed a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design to evaluate the effectiveness of a 16-week parent education program based on Respected Parents & Respected Children(RPRC). 124 mothers were assigned to two groups, an intervention (n = 62) group and a waiting (n = 62) group. Mothers in the intervention group participated in the program. After termination of the preventive intervention, differences between pre- and post-tests were examined in maternal characteristics (i.e., depression and anger, maltreatment and general parenting behavior, and parenting efficacy and stress) and preschoolers' aggression. The results indicated that mothers in the intervention group had greater reductions in self-reported negative characteristics. Mothers in the waiting group also reported significant decreases in anger, physical assault and permissiveness/neglect. There was no significant reduction in levels of aggression in the preschoolers. These findings support the argument that a parent education program based on RPRC can be very effective, especially in changing maternal characteristics positively that are crucial to child outcomes.

• 한국인구학
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.45-76
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 한국, 일본, 미국, 독일, 스웨덴 등 5개국 청소년 자녀에 대한 부모의 지지와 통제가 부모 및 자녀의 성별에 따라 어떻게 다를 수 있는지를 분석하였다. 본 연구는 아버지보다 어머니가 청소년 자녀에게 더 지지적이고 덜 통제적이며, 아들보다 딸에게 더 지지적이고 덜 통제적이어서, 모녀관계에서 지지적 특성이 가장 강하고 부자관계에서 통제적인 특성이 가장 강하게 나타날 것이라는 가설로부터 시작한다. 이 연구를 위해서 한국청소년개발원이 2006년에 실시한 5개국 설문조사자료를 사용한 분석이 이루어졌다. 분석 결과, 한국사례에 대해서는 모든 가설이 지지되었으며, 다른 국가의 경우는 부분적으로 지지되었다. 5개국 모두에서 어머니는 아버지보다 더 지지적인 것으로 확인되었다. 대부분의 국가에서 부모가 아들보다 딸에 대해서 더 지지적인 것으로 나타나기는 하였으나, 자녀 성별의 효과는 부모 성별의 효과만큼 뚜렷하지는 않았다. 통제적 행동의 경우는 한국과 미국에서만 성별 효과가 나타났다.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.431-444
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• 2019

This study explored the longitudinal developmental paths of preschooler's external problem behaviors from infancy. Subjects consisted of 205 preschoolers (106 boys, 99 girls aged 4) and their mothers recruited for the 2009 in-depth Panel Study on Korean Children. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, correlations, and structural equation modeling using SPSS 18.0 (SPSS Co., Chicago, IL, USA), Amos 18.0 (SPSS Co., Chicago, IL, USA). The results were as follows: Maternal depression at preschooler's age 0 had a direct effect on maternal social parenting style at preschooler's age 0. Maternal social parenting style at preschooler's age 0 had a direct effect on preschooler's effortful control at age 1. Preschooler's effortful control at age 1 had a direct effect on preschooler's external problem behaviors at age 4. Marital conflict at preschooler's age 0 did not have a direct effect on preschooler's effortful control at age 1. The direct effects of maternal depression at preschooler's age 0 on preschooler's effortful control at age 1, and on preschooler's external problem behaviors at age 4 were not significant. In addition, direct effect of maternal social parenting style at preschooler's age 0 on preschooler's external problem behaviors at age 4 was not significant. This study showed that maternal psychological characteristics, marital conflict, maternal social parenting style and preschooler's effortful control in infancy should be considered simultaneously to explain the effect on preschooler's external problem behaviors.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.112-119
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with the problem behaviors perceived by mothers of pre-school age children. Methods: The participants were 211 mothers living in 3 cities in Korea. The data were collected from May to June 2009 using a self-reported questionnaire including demographic data, child rearing-attitude, and K-CBCL 1.5-5. The data were analyzed using SPSS WIN 12.0 version. Results: Factors related to the mothers' perception on problem behaviors of their preschool child were; first born child, economic status, rearing attitude and occupational status of mother. Conclusion: According to the result of this study, mothers reporting lower economic status perceived their children with more behavioral problems. Also, compared to the second or only child, the first born children were perceived to have more problems. Further study is needed to understand the mother and child interaction among these groups to implement appropriate parent education and counseling.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.249-268
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of preschooler's temperament on peer play activity, focusing on the mediation of mothers' social interaction parenting behaviors Methods: 1695 mothers of preschoolers completed questionnaires on children's temperament and peer play behaviors, and mothers' parenting behaviors. Data were analyzed by regression analyses by SPSS 18.0. Results: First, preschoolers' sociability exerted positive effects on good peer play behaviors(play interaction) and negative effects on the bad peer play behaviors (disruption, disconnection) and both were partially mediated by mothers' social interaction parenting behaviors. Second, preschoolers' emotionality exerted negative effects on good peer play behaviors and positive effects on the bad peer play behaviors and both were partially mediated by mothers' social interaction parenting behaviors. Preschoolers' activity exerted positive effects on good peer play behaviors and negative effects on the bad peer play behaviors and both were partially mediated by mothers' social interaction parenting behaviors. Conclusion/Implications: These findings provide preliminary evidence that mothers' social interaction parenting behavior partially mediate the effects of preschoolers' temperament on peer play behaviors. Implications for the use of intervention targeting specific temperament have been discussed.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.171-183
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• 2000

This study investigated the relationship among children's sensation seeking, maternal childrearing behavior and children's problem behavior. The subjects were 470 5th and 6th grade elementary school students in Pusan, Korea. Zuckerman's questionnaire on sensation seeking(1994), Park, Young Yae's questionnaire on maternal childrearing behaviors(1995) and Kim Hye Ryun's questionnaire on children's maladjustment behavior(1993) were used. The results were as follows : (1) According to sex, there were significant differences in sensation seeking stores, the aggressive behavior scores and distracted behavior scores. The boys got higher scores than girls in sensation seeking scores, and also in aggressive behavior scores and distracted behavior scores. (2) There were significant positive correlations between sensation seeking scores and the aggressive behavior scores for both boys and girls. And there were significant positive correlations between sensation seeking scores and the distracted behavior scores for both boys and girls. (3) Both sensation seeking and maternal child rearing behavior predicted aggressive behavior and distracted behavior for both boys and girls. For boy's aggressive behavior, sensation seeking and maternal child rearing behavior explained 8%, 8%, respectively. For boy's distracted behavior, sensation seeking explained 5%. And for girl's aggressive behavior, sensation seeking and maternal child rearing behavior explained 27%, 9%, respectively. For girl's distracted behavior, sensation seeking and maternal child rearing behavior explained 28%, 7%, respectively. The sensation seeking variable was the important predictor influencing on children's aggressive behavior and distracted behavior. Implications of this study were discussed in terms of sensation seeking and socialization.