• Journal of Korean Institute of Fire Investigation
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.49-54
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• 2005

본 실험은 방화 사건 현장에서 지연 착화 재료로 쓰이는 양초의 연소 시간을 측정키 위해 실험을 수행하였고, 시중에서 판매되는 양초는 종류, 크기, 제조사별 모두 다른 연소 시간을 나타나는 결과를 확인하여 양초에 대한 일괄적인 연소량, 시간에 비례되는 공통적인 자료를 도출할 수 없다는 결론을 얻었다. 사건 현장에서 지연 착화의 재료로 사용한 양초가 발견된다면 그 양초를 시료로 한 현장의 분위기를 조건으로 연소실험을 통하여 연소량에 비례하는 시간 측정결과로 착화 시간을 추정해야 하다는 결론을 얻었다.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.104-109
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• 2016

Candle fires do not occur frequently, but can easily result in death. In this study, the thermal characteristics of candles and conditions and debris of candle fires were investigated to determine the causes of candle fires. The rates of decrease in weight of 10 candles were measured and found to be between 2.6 g/h and 6.7 g/h. Most candle fires are caused by the ignitiong of combustible materials close to them. The temperature near a candle ranges from about $200^{\circ}C$ to $400^{\circ}C$ at a distance of 1 cm and low ignition temperature materials such as papers can easily catch fire. The melting temperature of candles ranges between $50^{\circ}C$ and $70^{\circ}C$ and their major chemical components are fatty acids and normal hydrocarbons (over C20). Using pretreatment conditions involving the use of activated charcoal strips at $150^{\circ}C$ for 16 hours, the fire debris including candle residues were analyzed using a Gas-chromatograph/Mass-spectrometer (GC/MS).

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.236-245
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• 2015

Recently, candles have been widely used to create a romantic atmosphere and to heat tea. In this study, a small combustion chamber for candle was designed using an 0.008 m³ bell jar. The emission factors of combustion products were then measured. The combustion chamber includes a glass dish, which prevents candle flame from affecting the composition of the gas emitted through the exhaust outlet. The outlet in the combustion chamber was designed as a cone shape, and it was lengthened to prevent flow from the outside, which could affect the homogeneous composition of the exhaust gas. The temperature at the outlet of the chamber was 34 ℃~41℃. The major combustion products of the candle, such as such aldehydes and acids, contained oxygen. The mass specific emission rates of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and TVOC were 0.04 μg/g, 0.01 μg/g, 0.02 μg/g, and 3.81, respectively. The mass specific emission rates of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and benzaldehyde were 4.48 μg/g, 1.09 μg/g, and 0.67 μg/g, respectively. Considering the different compositions of the candle samples, their mass specific emission rates were similar to those obtained by using a large chamber 0.17 m³~50 m³ in size.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.28 no.7
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• pp.772-777
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• 2018

To understand the adaptability of Leymus chinensis forage grass to environmental stresses, we analyzed the $H_2O_2$ scavenging activity based on several antioxidant enzymes and total phenolics content, including peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and catalase (CAT), in shoots and roots subjected to salt and dehydration stresses during seedling growth. After NaCl or PEG treatment, plants showed reduced seedling growth under over 200 mM NaCl or 30% PEG treatment condition in shoots and roots compared with the control condition. In addition, plants showed high enzymatic activity of CAT in the shoots, whereas they exhibited high activity levels of APX and POD in the roots in both the NaCl and PEG treatment conditions. These results seem to indicate that Leymus chinensis seedlings responding to salt and dehydration stresses during initial growth is associated with enhanced activity of $H_2O_2$ scavenging antioxidant enzymes in the shoots or roots. The plants also showed high levels of total phenolics under NaCl treatment, with a high concentration in both the shoots and roots. Our results showed that the induced activity patterns of APX in the roots and CAT in the shoots indicate that low $H_2O_2$ levels were mainly maintained through tissue-specific redox homeostasis involving enzymes such as APX and CAT during salt and dehydration stresses. This study highlights the importance of antioxidant enzymes in the establishment of Leymus chinensis seedlings under high salinity conditions, such as typical desertification.

• The monthly packaging world
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• s.128
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• pp.118-125
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• 2003

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2013.11a
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• pp.225-226
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• 2013

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.114-119
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• 1983

Several supplementary heating methods were investigated to find their effects on night air temperature, injury in plant, growth and yield with Hokowase strawberry(Fragaria grandiflora) under greenhouse, during early spring season in 1981 and 1982. Kerosene lamp as a supplementary heating was not suitable because of its severe injury on strawberry plants, danger of accidental fire and bad smell. Paraffine candle and electric wire heating did not injure on strawberry plant, raised the minimum air temperature in greenhouse at night, enhanced growth, flowering and harvesting time of strawberry. Paraffine candle was effective as a supplementary heating method for short period growing under greenhouse, whereas electric wire heating was suitable for long period cultivation.

• The Inventors News
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• no.30
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• pp.5-6
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• 2005

SK(주), 신기술 발명 땐 매출 5$\%$ 포상금 - 따스미, 굴뚝 폐열 이용한 연료비 절약 온수기 개발 - 이글루시큐리티, `실시간 보안감사` 특허 취득 - 국내 대학 교수, 콜레스테롤 낮추는 닭고기 개발 - 토론토대 화학과 한인학생 `안전양초` 국제특허 출원 - 국내 발광다이오드 `지재권 분쟁` 급부상 - `훔친 기술`로 제품개발 추진한 일당에 벌금형 선고

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.51-55
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• 2005

Chinese leymus (Leymus chinensis Trin.) is a perennial grass that is widely distributed at high pH sodic and arid soil in the northeastern Asia. An efficient regeneration system was established through somatic embryogenesis of mature seeds to understand its high adaptability to harsh environmental conditions on the basis of molecular biology. The calli were efficiently induced (about $70\%$) from mature seeds on MS medium supplemented with $1.5\;\cal{mg/L}$ 2,4-D. Somatic embryos were formed from the surface of embryogenic callus on MS medium supplemented with $2.0\;\cal{mg/L}\;kinetin\;and\;0.5\;\cal{mg/L}$ NAA after 3 weeks of culture. Roots were induced from the shoot when transferred to MS medium without plant growth regulator for 1 week. Plant regeneration rate was $36\%$ and regenerated plantlets were grown to normal mature plants in pot. An efficient plant regeneration system in this study will be useful for molecular breeding of L. chinensis.

• The monthly packaging world
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• s.245
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• pp.98-112
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• 2013

친환경 디자인이란 환경과 생태적 측면을 고려한 제반 디자인 활동이나 경향을 의미하며, 최근 많은 기업체에서 친환경 제품이나 서비스를 통해 일반 소비자들과 소통하는 중요한 분야로 인식되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 백화점 쇼핑백 디자인의 재활용 여부와 경험, 횟수, 관심도, 조형성 평가를 통해 주요 3개국(한국, 일본, 미국) 백화점 쇼핑백에 대한 일반소비자들의 친환경적 소구에 대한 인식과 선호도 연구결과를 조사하는데 목적이 있다. 본 연구에서는 분석을 위해 연구범위를 주요 3개국 고급백화점으로 제한하였으며, 분석 대상업체의 개수를 한국 4업체, 일본 4업체, 미국 6업체 등 최종 3개국 14업체를 분석대상으로 선정하고 통계분석(spsswin18.O)하였다. 본 고는 한국브랜드디자인학회 통권 제24호에서 발췌했다.