• Title/Summary/Keyword: 액상수화제

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Change of Epicuticular Waxes by Formulation of Fungicides in 'Campbell Early' Grapes (살균제 제형에 따른 포도의 과분 변화)

  • Shin, Kyoung-Hee;Park, Hee-Seung
    • Horticultural Science & Technology
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    • v.28 no.5
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    • pp.762-767
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    • 2010
  • This study was conducted to investigate the influence of formulation of fungicides on epicuticular waxes in 'Campbell Early' grapes. Non-bagged and bagged berries were treated with wettable powder, suspension concentrate and emulsifiable concentrate 15 days after full bloom (DAFB) and 48 DAFB (veraison), respectively. Fruit skin was observed by naked eye and scanning electron microscope (SEM) at harvest. Remarkable white blots were observed on the berries treated 48 DAFB in the order of wettable powder, suspension concentrate, and emulsifiable concentrate. The observation by SEM showed all formulations of fungicides damaged the ultra-structure of epicuticular waxes; also, an unknown substance was observed on treatment with wettable powder and suspension concentrate. Moreover epicuticular wax appeared to be melting on the grapes treated with emulsifiable concentrate. Also, non-bagged grapes showed serious contamination of epicuticular wax by some unknown substance, but bagged grapes had only fungicides' traces.

Control of Invaded Interspecies Turfgrass on Golf Course (골프코스에서 혼입된 이종잔디의 방제)

  • Choi, Dae-Hong;Park, Nam-Il;Choi, Sung-Hwan;Park, Kee-Woong;Kim, Jin-Woo;Kwak, Youn-Sig;Lee, Jeung-Joo
    • Korean Journal of Weed Science
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    • v.32 no.3
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    • pp.222-229
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    • 2012
  • In this study, we attempted to control invaded hetero-species turfgrass in golf courses with herbicides. Asulam sodium SP and trifloxysulfuron-sodium WG (to control creeping bentgrass in zoysiagrass), trifloxysulfuron-sodium WG (to control kentucky bluegrass in zoysiagrass), and mesotrione SC (to control creeping bentgrass in kentucky bluegrass) were selected as efficient herbicides. To creeping bentgrass, asulam sodium SP and trifloxysulfuron-sodium WG until 70 days after application (DAA), mesotrione SC until 230 DAA and to kentucky bluegrass trifloxysulfuron-sodium WG until 110 DAA; the applications showed 90% herbicidal effect. At 4 X recommended application dose, asulam sodium SP, trifloxysulfuronsodium WG (to zoysiagrass) and mesotrione (to kentucky bluegrass) showed insignificant harmful effect. With recommended dose, asulam sodium SP showed 80% control effect of creeping bentgrass in zoysiagrass until 40 DAA and trifloxysulfuron-sodium WG demonstrated 85% control efficiency until 30 DAA. Trifloxysulfuron-sodium WG controlled 85% of kentucky bluegrass in zoysiagrass until 40 DAA. Mesotrione SC with recommended dose showed 95% control efficiency to creeping bentgrass in kentucky bluegrass.

Studies on the Development of weed Control Method for Paddy Rice by Bensulfuron-methyl Combination Suspension Concentrate (Bensulfuron-methyl 혼합(混合) 액상수화제(液狀水和劑)의 사용법(使用法) 개발(開發) 연구(硏究))

  • Ryu, G.H.;Park, J.E.;Lee, I.Y.;Lee, H.G.;Lee, J.O.;Park, Y.S.;Shin, H.S.
    • Korean Journal of Weed Science
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.28-33
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    • 1994
  • This study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of weed control by pyributicarb{O-[3-tert-butylphenyl] N-[6-methoxy-2-pyridyl]-N-methyl thiocarbamate}/bensulfuron-methyl{methyl 2-[[[[[[4, 6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl] amino] carbonyl] amino] sulfonyl] methyl] benzoate} SC and oxadiazon{5-tert-butyl-3-[2,4-dichloro-5-isopropoxyphenyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2(3)-one}/bensulfuron-methyl SC, and to develope weed control methods for paddy rice. There was little difference between suspension concentrate and granule of pyributicarb/bensulfuron-methyl and oxadiazon/bensulfuron-methyl combination in the effect of weed control. Pyributicarb/bensulfuron-methyl SC and oxadiazon/bensulfuron-methyl SC were diffused from the point of application to 6m. Pyributicarb/bensulfuron-methyl SC applied on water surface from irrigation inlet and in paddy water from dike controlled more than 90% of weeds. Pyributicarb/bensulfuron-methyl SC was precipitated about 1-2cm per 1 hour after dripping on water surface. The efficacy of weed control by pyributicarb/bensulfuron-methyl SC was higher in 0-1cm than in 6-7cm standing water depth.

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Control Efficacy of Ethaboxam on Chinese Cabbage Clubroot Caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae (Ethaboxam의 배추 뿌리혹병 방제효과)

  • Choi, Gyung-Ja;Jang, Kyoung-Soo;Kim, Jin-Cheol;Lim, He-Kyoung;Chun, Sam-Jae;Kim, Dal-Soo;Cho, Kwang-Yun
    • The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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    • v.9 no.1
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    • pp.81-87
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    • 2005
  • Ethaboxam[(RS)-N-(a-cyano-2-thenyl)-4-ethyl-2-(ethylamino)-1,3-thiazole-5-carboximide] is a novel fungicide with high level of activity against Oomycetes fungi. The control effects of ethaboxam technical and various ethaboxam formulations were investigated against P. brassicae, the causal agent of clubroot disease in Chinese cabbage. When ethaboxam was applied to infested soil, club formation caused by P. brassicae was strongly inhibited at 8.33 mg/L soil and $EC_{50}$ of ethaboxam was 2.65 mg/L soil. Five ethaboxam formulations [10% suspension concentrate (SC), 15% SC, 2% granule (GR), 5% GR, 25% wettable powder] and mixture formulation of ethaboxam and metalaxyl (3%+1% GR) exhibited good efficacy against the pathogen. 10% SC, 15% SC, and 2% GR formulations of ethaboxam showed better disease controlling efficacy on Chinese cabbage clubroot than the other formulations. The $EC_{50}$ values of 10% SC, 15% SC, and 2% GR formulations of ethaboxam were 3.72 mg AI/L soil, 1.1 mg AI/L soil, and 4.95 mg AI/L soil, respectively. Among them, soil drenching application by 15% SC formulation of ethaboxam exhibited the most in vivo antifungal activity on P. brassicae. These results indicate that ethaboxam has a high potential for the control of clubroot disease.

Weeding Effect of Echinochloa oryzoides Resistant to ACCase and ALS Inhibitors by the Leaf Stages (ACCase 및 ALS 저해 제초제 저항성 강피의 엽기별 약제방제효과)

  • Lee, In-Yong;Kwon, Oh-Do;Kim, Chang-Seok;Lee, Jeong-Ran;Shin, Hae-Ryoung;Moon, Byung-Chul;Park, Jae-Eup;Kuk, Yong-In
    • Korean Journal of Weed Science
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    • v.31 no.2
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    • pp.183-191
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    • 2011
  • Weeding effect was investigated based on the leaf stages to several different herbicide treatments for an integrated weed management of herbicide resistant Echinochloa oryzoides to ACCase and ALS inhibitors in a rice field. Efficacy of soil-applied herbicide treatments before resistant E. oryzoides occurred was very effective. Pentaxazon 5% SC showed over 98% of weeding effect although E. oryzoides were emerged 31 days after the treatment. Until the leaf stage of 2.5, five herbicides, azimsulfuron carfenstole 1.05% GR, bensulfuron-methyl benzobicyclone mefenacet 24.52% SC, bensulfuron-methyl fentrazamide 7% SC, bensulfuron-methyl mefenacet oxadiargyl 21.6% SC and mefenacet pyrazosulfuron-ethyl 3.57% GR showed perfect weeding effect. Benzobicyclone mefenacet penoxulam 21.5% SC and mefenacet pyrazosulfuron-ethyl 3.57% GR were effective at the leaf stage of 3.0. It is very important to select the right herbicides for timing and their systematic application for controlling of E. oryzoides resistant to ACCase- and ALS-inhibitors.

Effective Weed Control in Paddy Field Simultaneously Dominated by Herbicide-Resistant Weeds, Echinochloa oryzoicola, Monochoria vaginalis and Scirpus juncoides (제초제 저항성 잡초 강피, 물달개비, 올챙이고랭이 동시 우점한 논에서 효과적인 제초관리)

  • Park, Tae Seon;Cho, Hyeoun Suk;Hwang, Jae Bok;Ku, Bon il;Kim, Hag Sin;Seo, Myung Chul;Park, Hong Kyu;Lee, Keon Hui
    • Weed & Turfgrass Science
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    • v.4 no.3
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    • pp.151-158
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    • 2015
  • This study was conducted to establish the effective weed management methods in rice field simultaneously dominated by the herbicide resistant Echinochloa oryzicola, Monochoria vaginalis and Scirpus juncoides. Herbicides registered for use before transplanting, oxadiazon 12% EC, pyrazolate 36% SC, pretilachlor 14% EC and thiobencarb 50% EC were effective until 0.5 leaf stage of herbicide resistant Echinochloa oryzoides. Herbicides registered for use after transplanting, fentrazamide 1% GR and mefenacet 18% SC were effective until 2 leaf stage of herbicide resistant Echinochloa oryzicola and triafamone 0.98% SC was possible to control up to 4 leaf stage. HPPD inhibitors, benzobicyclon, mesotrione and tefuryltrione SC, were simultaneously effective to SU herbicide-resistant Monochoria vaginalis and Scirpus juncoides. Herbicides registered for use before transplanting, benzobicyclon + oxadiargyl EC out of the tested herbicide was most effective in rice field simultaneously dominated by the herbicide resistant Echinochloa oryzicola, Monochoria vaginalis and Scirpus juncoides. Its effectiveness rises in proportion to flooding duration. Mazosulfuron GR, a herbicides registered for use after transplanting was most effective without phytotoxicity until 60 days after transplanting in rice field simultaneously dominated by the herbicide resistant Echinochloa oryzicola.

Insecticidal Susceptibility and Emergence of First Instar Larvae of Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (뽕나무깍지벌레 1세대 부화 약충의 발생과 살충제 감수성)

  • Lee, Sun Young;Lee, Seong Chan;Yang, Chang Yeol;Seo, Mi Hye;Choi, Byeong Ryeol;Yoon, Jung Beom
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.58 no.4
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    • pp.335-339
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    • 2019
  • The white peach scale (Pseudaulacaspis pentagona) is a significant pest of trees belonging to the Rosaceae family. We investigated the effect of ten insecticides on hatching rate of first instar white peach scale larvae (crawlers). The insecticides are Dinotefuran WG, Benfuracarb WG, Pyrifluquinazon WG, Clothianidin SG, Buprofezin WP, Buprofezin+Imidacloprid SC, Buprofezin+Etofenprox WG, Buprofezin+Thiacloprid SC, Benfuracarb+Buprofezin WG, Acetamiprid+Buprofezin EC. We observed that several crawlers emerged in early May, with the average number being 45.7. Hatching period was approximately 14 days, and the hatching success rate was approximately 77.7%. Overwintering females produced an average of 58.7 eggs. All insecticides achieved 100% mortality in crawlers. Our results suggest that these insecticides can effectively control white peach scale when used at the crawler stage.

Preparation of porous silica gel powders from sodium silicates

  • 장감용;전영관;임광일;이광희
    • Proceedings of the Korea Association of Crystal Growth Conference
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    • 1996.06b
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    • pp.29-53
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    • 1996
  • 다공성 실리카 게 분말은 저밀도, 고비표면적의 특성을 가지며 물리적, 화학적 성질이 우수하여 필름의 점착방지제, 페인트의 소광제, 맥주의 흡착제, 촉매의 담지체등 산업전반에 걸쳐 여러용도로 사용되고 있다. 이러한 다공성 실리카 겔 분말은 고상법, 기상법, 액상법등으로 제조할 수 있으며, 이 중에서 sodium silicate를 원료로 하는 액상공정은 다공성의 제어가 용이하고, 공정이 간단하며, 고순도의 균질한 실리카를 얻을 수 있는 방법으로 많이 사용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 액상법(sol-gel method)를 사용하여 점착방지제, 소광제 등으로 사용되는 다공성 실리카 겔 미분말의 개발에 초점을 두어 연구하였다. 그리고, 겔 분말의 다공성 제어를 위하여 공정 각 단계에서의 겔 내부의 구조의 변화에 대한 연구와 함께 수화겔의 숙성이 기공특성에 미치는 영향, 건조조건의 기공특성에 대한 영향 등을 살펴보았다. 다공성 실리카 겔 미분말은 다음과 같은 공정에 의해 제조되었다. sodium silicate를 황산과 반응시켜 겔화하고 추가의 황산을 투입하여 미반응분의 Na를 제거한 후 pH 7이상의 알카리 영역에서 숙성하여 다공성을 지닌 실리카 수화겔을 제조하였다. 수화겔의 탈수, 세척, 건조 공정을 거쳐 건조겔을 제조하고, 1-20$\mu\textrm{m}$의 크기로 분쇄하여 최종 제품을 얻을 수 있었다. 최종 다공성 실리카 겔 분말은 비표면적 200-700$m^2$/g, 기공부피 0.5-2.5cc/g, 평균 입경 3-5$\mu\textrm{m}$, 백색도 95% 이상의 물성을 보였다. sodium silicate와 황산의 겔화 반응에 의해 생성된 수화겔은 수 nm크기의 일차입자들의 연속적인 network로이루어져 있으며, 일차입자크기가 너무 작기 때문에 내부의 기공들은 별로 존재하지 않는 상태이다. 2차 주가황산 투입에 의해 미반응의 알카리 이온들을 중화, 제거시킬 수 있으며, 겔의 다공성을 좌우하는 숙성단계에서 숙성 pH, 온도, 시간등의 인자에 의해 수화겔의 기공특성을 제어할 수 있다. pH 7이상에서 실리카의 용해도가 크고, 용해도의 입자크기 의존성이 크므로, 일자입자는 Ostwald-ripening에 의해 계속 성장할 수 있으며, 이때, 입자의 성장은 숙성 온도와 시간에 의존한다. 탈수, 세척공정에 의해 가용성 염인 Na2SO4를 제거하고, 건조조건을 변화시킴으로써 기공부피를 증가시키는 것이 가능하였으며, Fast drying을 사용하여 점착방지제에 적합한 기공부피를 갖는 실리카 건조겔을 제조할 수 있었다.

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