• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.16 no.3 s.62
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• pp.251-258
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• 2006

In this paper, the applicability to the Korean rock condition of using the deformation moduli based on Rock Mass Rating (RMR) and Pressuremeter Test (PMT) is evaluated. The correlations among deformation moduli and various rock properties were also analyzed. It appears that the existing correlations using RMR overestimate the deformation moduli and wide variation was found between predicted moduli using these correlations and measured values. As for the correlations among the deformation moduli and various rock properties, Rock Quality Designation (RQD) and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) were found to correlate to deformation moduli reasonably well, but joint spacing and joint conditions appear to correlate poorly to RQD and UCS. Additionally, groundwater can not be correlated with the modulus values. While the depth has very little contribution to deformation modulus, it should be factored in the simple regression analyses with various rock mass properties, especially with the correlations made with UCS, RQD etc. With the deficiencies of these correlations, more in depth analysis techniques such as multivariate correlations may be to reliably estimate deformation modulus of rock mass.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.67-75
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• 2002

For the design of concrete structures in the serviceability limit state, the uniaxial static modulus of elasticity may be a most important parameter. In particular, this may be so just for a deflection control of the structure. Even in new concrete codes, however, the elastic modulus is normally presented on the form of general empirical relationships with the compressive strength and density of concrete. Normally, there is a large uncertainty associated with the general equations obtained by regression. Thus, in a typical plot of static modulus of elasticity vs. compressive strength, a large scatter can be observed at same strength. The aim of this study is to present the method for obtain the maximum modulus of elasticity at same compressive strength. In the present paper report the effects of mix ingredients on the modulus of elasticity of high-strength concrete. The test of 284 cylinder specimens arc conducted for type I with 11 ％ replacement of fly-ash cement concretes. Different water-hinder ratio, amounts of water and coarse aggregate as variables were investigated. And also analyzed it statistically by using SAS.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
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• 1993.04a
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• pp.80-84
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• 1993

공기베어링은 기체으 압축성에 의한 평균화 효과로 운전정밀도가 우수하고 기체의 낮은 점도에 의한 효과로 마찰력과 열발생량이 매우 적으며, 사용가능 온도구간이 저온에서 고온까지 넓고 프로세스 계통내의 기체를 윤활제로 사용할 수 있기 때문에 그 경우 불순물에 의한 오염이 문제되지 않는 장점등이 있다. 이와 같은 특성과 더불어 공기베어링은 지지 물체를 완전히 부상시켜 운전하므로써 마찰$\cdot$마모와 온도변화에 다른 열변형이 문제되지 않는다. 이러한 장점으로 인해서 공기베어링은 현재 정밀기기의 미끄럼면, 각종 측정장치의 테이블지지 기구로 많이 사용되고 있다. 반면 공기베어링의 단점으로는 기체의 낮은 점성계수로 인해서 부하능력이 적고 강성, 감쇄계수 또한 적다. 그리고 기체의 압축성으로 인해 뉴메틱 헤머라는 불안정 현상이 생기기도 한다. 본 연구에서는 스퀴즈 효과를 이용한 능동 공기베어링을 설계, 제작하여 실험하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 강성과 감쇄 계수가 작은 공기 베어링의 단점을 보완하기 위해 드러스트베어링을 대상으로 능동베어링을 설계, 제작하여 그 특성을 연구하고 기초 설계자료를 축적하는데 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.7-14
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• 2003

Computational work using the axisymmetric, compressible, Navier-Stokes Equations is carried out to predict the discharge coefficient of mass flow through a micro-critical nozzle. Several kinds of turbulence models and wall functions are employed to validate the computational predictions. The computed results are compared with the previous experimented ones. The present computations predict the experimental discharge coefficients with a reasonable accuracy. It is found that the standard $\kappa$-$\varepsilon$turbulence model with the standard wall function gives a best prediction of the discharge coefficients. The displacement thickness of the nozzle wall boundary layer is evaluated at the nozzle throat and is well compared to a prediction obtained by an empirical equation. The resulting displacement thickness of the wall boundary layer is about 2% to 0.6% of the diameter of the nozzle throat for the Reynolds numbers of 2000 to 20000.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• autumn
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• pp.85-88
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• 2001

Line spectrum pair(LSP) 계수는 양자화 오류에 강하고. 선형 릴간에 효율적이며, 필터의 안정성 판정이 용이하므로 LPC를 대신하여 음성 부호화에 널리 사용되고 있다. 일반적으로 LSP 계수간에는 일정한 상관관계가 나타나고, 이 특성을 이용하면 LSP 계수의 부호량을 줄일 수 있는 가능성이 있나. 본 논문에서는 LSP 계수를 압축하기 위해 principal component analysis(PCA)를 사용한 방법을 제안한다. 제안된 방법에서는 LSP 계수를 Karhunen-Loeve(KL) 변환해 에너지가 집중되는 고유치(eigenvalue)와 고유벡터(eigenvector)를 찾고 값을 양자화 한다. 성능 평가를 위해 2.4kbps MELP(mixed excitation linear prediction)와 8kbps QCELP(qualcumn code excited linear prediction) 음성 부호화기를 사용해 결과 값을 비교했고, 압축률이 증가하는 것을 확인했다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.529-536
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• 2020

This paper presents experimental investigations about compressive strength and durability of reinforced concrete compressive members repaired using ductile fiber reinforced cementitious composite (DFRCC) and carbon fiber sheet through freezing and thawing test. Total 24 RC specimens of 100x100x400mm size were tested by compressive strength test and freezing and thawing test by KS F 2456. The specimens were reinforced using 4D10 steels and repaired on 4 sides expect on top cycle. Test results showed that the specimens repaired using fiber carbon sheet revealed about 5% higher values of the compressive strength compared than the cases of DFRCC motar. On the other hand, the resurts did not showed meaningful differences in the aspect of durability. For further research, considerations of the steel interference effect and real old specimens such as taken from real deteriorated structures are needed to be tested after repairing with DFRCC and carbon fiber sheet.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.33-40
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• 2011

In the compacted bentonite containing $Ag_2O$, the transport of iodide ion was investigated by Through-diffusion method. It is confirmed that Iodide ion is transported by diffusion process in the compacted bentonite containing $Ag_2O$ as well as in the compacted bentonite without $Ag_2O$. However, the lag-time of iodide ion in the compacted bentonite containing $Ag_2O$ is larger than that in the compacted bentonite without $Ag_2O$. The increase of the lag-time was observed in pure iodide ion solution and also in 0.1M NaCl-iodide ion solution. The apparent diffusion coefficient of iodide ion in the compacted bentonite containing $Ag_2O$ has lower value than that in the compacted bentonite without $Ag_2O$. The effect of $Ag_2O$ on the effective diffusion coefficient was not clearly investigated in the compacted bentonite containing $Ag_2O$ while the values of effective diffusion coefficient of iodide ion in the compacted bentonite without $Ag_2O$ obtained in this study were similar to those in the compacted bentonite reported in the literature.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.2403-2408
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• 2015

For image data the discrete cosine transform (DCT) has comparable energy compaction capability to Karhunen-Loeve transform (KLT) which is optimal. Hence DCT has been widely accepted in various image and video compression standard such as JPEG, MPEG-2, and MPEG-4. Recently some approximate DCT's have been reported, which can be computed much faster than the original DCT because their coefficients are either zero or the power of 2. Although the level of energy compaction is slightly degraded, the approximate DCT's can be utilized in real time implementation of image or visual compression applications. In this paper, an approximate 8-point DCT which contains 17 non-zero power-of-2 coefficients and high energy compaction capability comparable to DCT is proposed. Transform coding experiments with several images show that the proposed transform outperforms the published works.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.349-351
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• 2004

비디오는 인접한 프레임들간에 유사성이 있는 연속된 프레임들로 구성된다. 만약 인접한 프레임들간에 유사성이 존재하는 영역, 즉 움직임이 없는 영역에 워터마크를 삽입한다면 워터마크는 인지되기 쉽다. 본 논문에서는 워터마크의 투영성과 강인성을 위하여 이와 같은 비디오의 특성을 고려한 3D-DCT 계수를 이용한다. 즉, 3D-DCT 압축을 위한 양자화 상수에서 민감도를 유도하고 전역적인 움직임에 비해 지역적인 움직임이 큰 영역의 민감도를 조절한 후 움직임의 크기에 비례해서 시각적으로 중요한 계수를 워터마크를 삽입한다. 실험을 통하여 비디오의 특성을 고려하지 않고 3D-DCT 계수를 이용하는 기존의 방법과 비교해서 PSNR은 유사하지만 JND를 기반으로 하였기 때문에 워터마크의 투명성을 보장하였고 MPEG 압축 및 시간적 공격에 대한 강인성은 약 5% 정도의 성능향상이 있음을 확인하였다.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.221-229
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• 1999

Parameters of failure criteria, compressive strength and elastic modulus are most important for design and stability analysis of rock structure using numerical analysis. In this study, it suggests that the application of input data for numerical analysis by the literature study and the result of the 150 sets of triaxial compressive test. There was much different between parameters of failure criterion suggested by Hoek-Brown and parameters resulted from the analysis using 150 sets of triaxial compressive test. But the converting equations of compressive strength have had an interrelation with RMR. However, the converting of elastic of elastic modulus were different as chosen of equation, and the equation by Nicholson et at was more useful than others.