• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.179-186
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• 2008

Purpose: Feeding problems are common for typically developing children and have negative effects on physical, behavioral, and cognitive development. The purpose of the current study was to examine factors related to childhood feeding problems for typically developing children via parental reports. Methods: The feeding questionnaire developed by the authors and the Childhood Eating Behavior Inventory (CEBI) were administered to 796 parents of children who recruited from 2 pediatric outpatient clinics (n=379) and community (n=417). Problem eaters (PE) were identified by parental report and frequency analysis was conducted for types of feeding problems and its severity, problem behaviors during mealtime, the feeding methods of the parents, and the need for treatment. Results: The CEBI scores were significantly different between the PE and non-problem eaters (NPE), which suggests that the parental reports were reliable. The younger children had more feeding problems than the older children. The most frequent and severe feeding problems were selective eating and longer mealtimes across all age groups. One-half of the children had more than one problem behaviors during mealtime. Most parents of PE used ineffective methods to deal with children's behaviors during meal time, such as cajoling, which was related to their increased level of stress. Many parents reported their children need professional help for the feeding problems. Conclusion: Feeding problems are prevalent among children, especially younger children. Children with feeding problems showed a number of problem behaviors during mealtime and parental coping methods appeared to be ineffective. The need for treatment was considerable, thus the characteristics of this population must be acknowledged for providing proper treatment and advice.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.1-14
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of violin learning as to enhance the attention span and impulsiveness of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD). Three children with ADHD, grade 2, 3, 4 were selected to participate in the research. A total of 15 session were given during 8 week time span, including a final performance session. For measurement, Korean-Child Behavior Checklist(K-CBCL), Home Situation Questionnaire-Revised (HSQ-R), Conners Teacher Rating Scale-Revised (CTRS-R) were administered before and after the implementation. Other behavioral checklist were used to record inappropriate or interruptive behaviors. The results showed that violin learning has increased attention span and reduced impulsive behaviors of all three children with ADHD. Along with these changes, the identified inappropriate behaviors reduced as sessions progressed. Also the changes observed within the music environment were generalized to non-music environment, such as family and school. These results also indicate that violin can be a therapeutic medium used in music therapy setting to bring positive changes for children with ADHD problems.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.215-238
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• 2004

The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of conflict and nurturing factors for the divorced parent on the behavioral adaptation of their children. The participants in this study include 216 children in divorced families nationwide. Structural Equation Modeling with LISREL8 was used for statistical method. In order to achieve the purpose, researchers firstly tried to test a construct validity of conceptual variables(parental conflict, negative attitude of parental nurturing, child's belief about parental divorce, child's aggression and child's delinquence) by employing exploratory factor analysis(EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis(CFA). Result showed that all the five conceptual variables were discriminated. It was identified as the fit index of path structure was good(CFI=.955, NNFI=.947, RMSEA=.046). The specific result were as follows: 1. the parental conflict(${\xi}1$) was directly related to the negative attitude of parental nurturing(${\eta}1$) and the child's belief about parental divorce(${\eta}2$). 2. the parental conflict(${\xi}1$) was indirectly related to child's belief about parental divorce(${\eta}2$), the child's aggression(${\eta}3$) and delinquence(${\eta}4$). 3. the negative attitude of parental nurturing(${\eta}1$) was directly related to the child's belief about parental divorce(${\eta}2$). 4. the negative attitude of parental nurturing(${\eta}1$) was indirectly related to the child's aggression(${\eta}3$) and delinquence(${\eta}4$). Lastly, and, the child's belief about parental divorce(${\eta}2$) was directly related to the child's aggression(${\eta}3$) and delinquence(${\eta}4$). Researchers also identified the mediating effect of the parental nurturing between parental conflict and child's belief about parental divorce. On the basis of these results, this article provided some suggestions for promoting of children welfare.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.119-133
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• 2007

The subjects of this study were composed of 620 $5^{th}$ and $6^{th}$ grade children in Pusan City and their parents. Both parents completed the Differentiation of Self Inventory(DSI : Skowron & Friedlander, 1998). Children completed the DSI, the Personal Authority in the Family System Questionnaire (Bray et al., 1984), and the Youth Self-Report (Archenbach, 1991). These measures were translated into Korean and adapted for children and parents; their validity was established through a preliminary survey of content validity and reliability. Results showed no meaningful correlation between parent's self-differentiation and children's self-differentiation or between parents' self-differentiation total and children's level of problem behaviors. However, Intergenerational Family Relationship and Children's Self-Differentiation influenced children's internalizing and externalizing of problem behavior.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.94-107
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• 1990

The survey of emotional behavioral problems in elementary school children provide baseline data for understanding, treating and preventing emotional behavioral problems in children. Since children can show different behaviors at home and at school, parents' information alone can lead to underestimate severity and prevalence rate of emotional behavioral problems in children. Thus, the author investigated the different the pattern of emotional behavioral problems in elementary school children by various socio-enviornmental factors in urban(Seoul) and rural area, by employing both parents' and teachers' questionnaire. The results were as follows ; Analysis of Rotter's questionnaire, in which high scores mean more serious emotional behavioral problems than low scores. The mean total problems scores for rural elementary school children were higher than those of Seoul elementary school children, and boys showed higher scores than girls. In relation to grade, mena total problems scores diminished as grade increased up to 4th or 5th, and then relatively high score for the 6th grade. Parent's education had significant effect on the total problem scores, that children of less educated parents showed higher score than children of more educated parents. Likewise the highest score was observed in children of unemployed parents. These results demonstrated that emotional behavioral children are related to various socio-environment factors.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.107-122
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• 2001

The strategies used by 274 $4^{th}$ and $6^{th}$ graders for coping with stress were assessed by the Daily Hassles Coping Scale(Min & Yoo, 1998), and their behavior problems were assayed by their mothers with the Korean version of Achenbach's Child Behavior Check List(Oh, Lee, Hong, & Ha, 1997). Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, 2-way ANOVA, and hierarchical regressions. Findings were that girls used more passive/avoidant coping strategies than boys; $6^{th}$ graders used more passive/avoidant coping strategies than $4^{th}$ graders; $6^{th}$ grade boys had more internalized behavior problems than $4^{th}$ grade boys; $4^{th}$ grade girls had more internalized behavior problems than $6^{th}$ grade girls; passive/avoidant strategies were positively related to internalized behavior; aggressive strategies were positively related to externalized behavior; strategies of seeking social support were negatively related to both internalized and externalized behavior problems.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.35-44
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• 1995

본연구의 목적은 아동의 환경의식과 처분행동을 조사하여 환경문제에 대한 아동의 역할을 조명하고 조기환경교육의 기초자료를 제공하는데 있다 조사도구는 질문지를 이용하 였고 분석방법은 SAS통계프로그램을 이용하였다 환경의시과 처분행동의 차이는 ANOVA와 Tukey test를 지역간(도시, 농촌)의 차이는 t-test 와 $\chi$2 검정을 사용하였다 분석에 이용된 자료는 도시 311부 농촌 299부로 총 610부였다 본연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다 1) 도시와 농촌간의 환경의식은 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없이 모두 높게 나타났다 2) 인구통 계변수에 따른 환경의식은 생활수준과어머니의 교육수준이 높을수록 높았으며 주거형태별로 는 아파트 거주자가 높게 나타났다 3) 도시와 농촌간의 처분행동은 유의적인 차이를 보였는 데 도시 지역이 높게 나타났다 4) 인구통계변수에 따른 처분행동은 환경의식과 마찬가지로 소득과 어머니의 교육수준이 높을수록 높았으며 아파트 거주자와 종교가 있느 아동이 높게 나타났다 이러한 결과는 환경을 고려하는 행동양식의선행변수가 교육임을 재확인해주었다

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.15
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• pp.65-70
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• 2003

문제 해결이 수학교육의 한 목표로 강조되고 있음에도 문제 해결 지도에 있어서 여러 가지 문제점이 지적되고 있는 것이 현실이다. 이러한 문제점 중의 하나는 문제 해결에 대한 교사들의 이해와 그 역할에 대한 인식 부족을 들 수 있다. 본 연구는 수학적 문제 해결 지도에서 교사의 역할 행동을 비교 분석하고, 교사의 역할 행동이 아동의 활동과 문제 해결에 대한 신념에 미치는 영향을 분석하는데 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.150-161
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• 1994

Clinical Characteristics of 83 tic patients referred to child psychiatric clinics were studied including the patients' sexes, birth orders and onset ages. We compared the differences between patients and normal control regarding the co-morbidity, and mothering attitude using CBCL(Child Behavioral Check List) and MBRI(Mothering Behavior Rating Instrument). And we also evaluated the influence of types of tic disorder and the presence of behavioral characteristics of the tic patients. The following results were obtained. 1) The sex ration was 5.9:1, male dominant. 2) The eldest children were being twice as many as the youngest children(eldest : youngest : single=4.7 : 1.7 : 1). 3) The eldest children tended to have earlier onset than others. 4) The tic children as a whole had more accompanying behavioral problems than the normal children according to the CBCL scales' scores. 5) The mothers of tic children had more negative view of their children, more rejecting and more hostile attitude toward their children. 6) The types of tic disorder(the Tourette disorder vs chronic moter tic disorder) did not make a difference in the incidence of behavior problems. 7) Those who had attentional problems regardless the types of tic had more behavioral problems than those who had not. 8) Those who had familial loadings of tic disorder tended to have more likely Tourette disorders than chronic tic disorders.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.48 no.7
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• pp.99-110
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to analyze the path of parental divorce on their children's emotional and behavioral problems through child-rearing behaviors and children's self-esteem. The participants were 162 children from divorced families and 194 from intact families. The Instruments used were CBQ (Children's Behaviour Questionnaire) (Rutter, 1967), Child-rearing rating scale (Park, 1995) and SEI (Self Esteem Inventory) (Coopersmith, 1967). The data were analyzed by ANCOVA and path analysis. The results were as follows. First, there were significant differences in children's emotional and behavioral problems and self-esteem, and caregivers' child-rearing behaviors between children from divorced and intact families. Second, parental divorce affected children's emotional and behavioral problems directly, as well as indirectly through child-rearing behaviors and children's self-esteem.