• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.102-106
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• 1999

To investigate the effect of wormwood extract on intestinal Microorganisms of human, we examined the changes of the intestinal microflora of 6 volunteers for 13 days. Numbers of total anaerobes in feces of 6 volunteers showed 1010cfu/g before and after intake of wormwood extract. In case of beneficial Microorganisms, wormwood extract did not have an effect on the growth of bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus spp. On the other hand, the growth of C. perfringens and E. coli, the harmful Microorganisms of human intestines, was inhibited by the wormwood extract.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.142-149
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the dyeing properties of mugwort extract by nano-cellulose(n-cell). When dyeing cotton, rayon(artificial silk, called Ingyeon) and silk with mugwort extract, the difference with and without 2 wt% n-cell which it diluted to 0.6% treatment was compared. It was found that the addition of n-cell changed the values of L^∗, -a^∗(+red ~ -green), and b^∗(+yellow ~ -blue) of all scoured cotton, rayon and silk fabrics, compared to dyeing only mugwort extract. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the ΔE and the K/S value slightly increased in all of the dyed cotton, rayon, and silk fabrics treated with n-cell at the same time as dyeing compared to the untreated ones. Therefore, by treating the fabric with n-cell, a natural cellulose component, at the same time as dyeing, it is expected to maintain stable fastness, which is a disadvantage of dyeing using natural dyes, and contribute to the utilization and commercialization of other natural dyes.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.419-427
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• 2014

In order to examine antioxidative characteristics of Artemisia capillaris response surface methodology was used to optimize the hot water extraction process by analyzing and monitoring the extraction condition. For total phenolic compounds content, the optimal extraction temperature, time and amount of solvent per sample were $94.50^{\circ}C$, 2.06 hr and 25.03 ml/g, respectively. Also, the optimal conditions for electronic donating ability were $91.82^{\circ}C$, 2.90 hr and 20.88 ml/g, respectively. The nitrile scavenging ability (pH 1.2) was optimized using the extraction temperature of $97.36^{\circ}C$, extraction time 2.75 hr and 15.19 ml/g as the amount of solvent per sample. Regression equations of total phenolic compounds content, electron donating ability and nitrile scavenging ability as dependent variable were deduced from each analyzed extraction condition. And finally, their response surfaces were superimposed with the optimal conditions to obtain values for each extraction process factor. The predicted results through superimposing were extraction temperature $90{\sim}95^{\circ}C$, extraction time 2.5~3.5 hr and amount of solvent per sample 17~24 ml/g.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.258-264
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• 1988

Phenolic compounds present in upland weeds (Artemisia asiatica Nakai, Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik, Portulaca orleracea L. and Trifolium repens L.) which have shown allelopathic activity were determined using paper chromatography (PC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Effect of the determined phenolic compounds on germination and post-germination growth of test plants was also investigated. Kinds of phenolic compounds determined by PC in the four weed species were greater in the aqueous extract than in the methanol extract. Ferulic acid was found in both extracts of the weeds studied, whereas benzoic acid was that the weeds commonly contained hydroquinone, p-hydroxybenzoic, ferulic and cinnamic acids. Out of the phenolic compounds determined by PC and HPLC p-hydroxybenzoic, cinnamic and ferulic acids inhibited germination and post-germination growth of radish and sesame. Inhibition of the phenolic compounds on the radicle growth was greater than on the germination of the test plants.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.23-33
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• 2023

Sucrose (suc) is a disaccharide that consists of glucose (glu) and fructose (fru). It is a carbohydrate source that acts as a nutrient molecule and a molecular signal that regulates gene expression and alters metabolites. This study aimed to evaluate whether suc-specific signaling induces an increase in bioactive compounds by exogenous suc absorption via roots or whether other factors, such as osmotic stress or biotic stress, are involved. To compare the osmotic stress induced by suc treatment, 4-week-old cultured mugwort plants were subjected to Hoagland nutrient solution with 10 mM, 30 mM, and 50 mM of suc or mannitol (man) for 3 days. Shoot fresh weight in suc and man treatments was not significantly different from the control. Both man and suc treatments increased the content of bioactive compounds in mugwort, but they displayed different enhancement patterns compared to the suc treatments. Mugwort extract treated with suc 50 mM effectively protected HepG2 liver cells damaged by ethanol and t-BHP. To compare the biotic stress induced by suc treatment, 3-week-old mugwort plants were subjected to microorganism and/or suc 30 mM with Hoagland nutrient solution. Microorganisms and/or suc 30 mM treatments showed no difference about the shoot fresh weight. However, sugar content in mugwort treated with suc 30 mM and microorganism with suc 30 mM treatment was significantly higher than that of the control. Suc 30 mM and microorganism with suc 30 mM were effective in enhancing bioactive compounds than microorganism treatment. These results suggest that mugwort plants can absorb exogenous suc via roots and the enhancement of bioactive compounds by suc treatment may result not from osmotic stress or biotic stress because of microorganism, but by suc-specific signaling.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.441-448
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• 2017

Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) is a cyanobacterium species that can form harmful algal blooms in freshwater bodies worldwide. The use of Artemisia asiatica extracts to control M. aeruginosa inhibition will be environmentally friendly and promising. Artemisia asiatica extracts removed successfully upto 88% of M. aeruginosa pH 8 at $25^{\circ}C$ of temperature. These results was indicated that the amount of 2.24 g/L Artemisia asiatica extracts was removed 1g dryweight/L of M. aeruginosa. The kinetic data showed substrate inhibition kinetics and maximum growth rate was obtained when the M. aeruginosa was grown in medium containing 2.5 g/L of initial concentration of Artemisia asiatica extracts. In the various growth control models, Luong model showed the highest correlation coefficient of 0.9916. Therefore, the Luong model was the most suitable control model for the growth control of M. aruginosa using Artemisia asiatica extracts. In conclusion, the growth control of M. aruginosa using Artemisia asiatica extracts can be applied in the field without controlling the temperature and pH of rivers and streams, and it is possible to control the growth of M. aruginosa efficiently in a short time. The natural extract, Artemisia asiatica extracts, can be a promising inhibition due to its high efficiency and low dose requirements.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.26 no.11
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• pp.1282-1288
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• 2016

Artemisia, a plant widely used as traditional herbal medicine in many countries, has drawn attention of the researchers. And its extracts or compounds are known to have an efficacy of antioxidant, anti-diabete, anti-cancer, anti-inflammation and neuroprotection. Sumaeyaksuk is a variant of the Artemisia argyi and major constituents are eupatilin and jaceosidin. This study was performed to investigate the effects of the sumaeyaksuk aqueous extract on inflammatory response induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. To examine the potential hepatoprotective properties of sumaeyaksuk extract, cell viability, as well as nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS), macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), interleukin-8 (IL-8) levels, alanine transaminase (ALT), and aspartate transaminase (AST) activities, were measured. Cytotoxic activity of extracts on HepG2 cells was measured by MTT assay. Sumaeyaksuk extract did not induce cytotoxicity at concentrations of $0{\sim}400{\mu}g/mL$. NO and ROS levels significantly decreased with increasing concentration of the extract. The secretion levels of M-CSF and IL-8 were suppressed by sumaeyaksuk extract in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, ALT (75.4%) and AST (61.6%) levels significantly decreased in sumaeyaksuk extract-treated cells at $400{\mu}g/mL$. These results suggested that the sumaeyaksuk extract attenuates the LPS-induced hepatotoxicity resulting from regulation of inflammatory factors and could potentially be used as a hepatitis therapeutic agent.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.59 no.5
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• pp.530-535
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• 2005

Background and Aims : Cigarette smoking induces an inflammatory response in the airways, which may play a key role in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is one of the cytokines that plays an important role in inducing bronchial inflammation. The aim of this study was to determine if the level of the pro-inflammatory cytokine, Interleukin-6, is increased when the bronchial epithelial cells are exposed to a cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and an extract from stop smoking-aiding cigarettes, and examined the safety of these commercially available stop smoking-aiding cigarettes. Method : Bronchial epithelial cells were exposed to CSE from cigarette and stop smoking-aiding cigarettes for 24 hours. ELISA was used to measure the IL-6 levels in the supernatant from each condition. The IL-6 mRNA levels were measured by Taqman Real time RT-PCR. N-acetyl-L-cysteine(NAC) was added to each condition to determine if NAC can inhibit the release of IL-6 from the bronchial epithelial cells when they are exposed to CSE from cigarette and stop smoking-aiding cigarettes. Result : When bronchial epithelial cells were exposed to a CSE from cigarettes and stop smoking-aiding cigarettes, each type of CSE stimulated IL-6 production from the bronchial epithelial cells. The IL-6 mRNA level in the Bronchial epithelial cells was also elevated and NAC was found to inhibit the release of IL-6 from bronchial epithelial cells when they were exposed to the CSE from cigarettes and stop smoking-aiding cigarettes. Conclusion : Commercially available stop smoking-aiding cigarette can induce bronchial inflammation and can be harmful to smokers. Therefore, the safety of these cigarettes for smoking cessation should be evaluated.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.455-462
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• 2020

Leuconostoc mesenteroides CJNU 0705 was isolated from a breast milk sample and identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and confirmed by its ability to produce dextran from tryptic soy agar plates supplemented with 2% sucrose. This strain can absorb various heavy metals including lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) which are both found in fine dust and have been shown to be harmful to human skin. In addition, Leu. mesenteroides CJNU 0705 has demonstrated antimicrobial activity against Propionibacterium acnes, the primary causative agent of acne. Given these traits it was natural to evaluate the use of this strain in the fermentation of several natural extracts from green tea, carrot, annual wormwood, parsley, broccoli, and corn silk, which are known to improve skin health, to see if it could increase their dextran content when supplemented with no sucrose, 2% sucrose, or 2% sucrose and 3% yeast extract. The extracts supplemented with both yeast and sucrose were found to produce the most dextran, which was confirmed by the scanning electron microscope (SEM) images. These results suggest that Leu. mesenteroides CJNU 0705 and its fermented natural extracts could be used as functional materials for improving human skin health.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.277-282
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• 2008

Oriental herbs are reported as having potent functions for preventing many types of diseases. They also appear to have positive effects and potential capabilities for skin care. Among the many oriental herbs that are available, we chose to analyze four medicinal herbs, Korean red ginseng, Artemisia capillaries Thunb, Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briq, and Foeniculum vulgare Mill, because all are popular and considered as favorite medicinal plants in Korea. Extracts of the herbs were obtained by various methods such as using distilled water, ethyl ether, methanol, ethanol, benzene, 1-butanol, and chloroform. Nine phytochemicals were detected in the extracts: maltol, adenosine, b-pinene, menthone, pulegone, limonene, anethole, estragole, and fenchone, which reportedly have multi-functionalities. All phytochemicals were analyzed quantitatively by various chromatographic techniques such as HPLC and gas chromatography-mass (GC-MS) spectrometry. This article also presents the optimum conditions for extracting these 9 targeted phytochemical compounds that were derived from 4 popular oriental herbs, which could be useful for the efficient preparation of each phytochemical.