• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.235-244
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• 2004

The shear strength of deep-sea core sediments from the nofheast equatorial Pacific was measured in various conditions to ensure precision of results. The comparison items were 1) two different measuring systems (hand-held vane and motorized vane), 2) in different places of on-board immediately after collecting the core samples and on-land laboratories after storing these samples for three months in a cold room, 3) two different core samples from a multiple corer within a sampling station, and 4) four different measuring points (holes) from a core sample. In this experiment, the values of shear strength in deep-sea sediments show significant change with depth which increase toward the bottom of core. Also, the results of two cores recovered at the same station indicate that vertical variation of shear strength is mainly caused by the change of physical properties. They strongly support the fact that the difference of vue syrtem and/or experimental conditions are not major factor in the variation of geotechnical properties.

• The Science & Technology
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• v.16 no.4 s.167
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• pp.8-20
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• 1983

- '83 학술회의춘계 워크샵 개최(전기화학. 심해저 광물자원, 소프트웨어 엔지니어링 분과서 21편 발표 - 635개 핵심 거점기술 확정(과기처 9개분야 100개 전략부문에서) - 발전소 훈련용 시뮬레이터 개발제작(에너지연구소 계측제어연구실) - 모노클로날 항체 생산에 성공(과기원 효소공학연구실)

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2011.12b
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• pp.382-384
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• 2011

최근 오일샌드, 극지유전, 심해저자원 등 극한지 자원개발이 활발해짐에 따라 수요가 증대되고 있는 극한지용 내마식 소재는 내마식성과 함께 저온 인성이 요구되고 있다. 철계 합금에서 관찰되는 변형유기 마르텐사이트 상변태는 입자의 충돌에 의한 충격을 흡수하고 소재의 표면을 가공경화시켜 내마식성 향상 및 저온 인성에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대되고 있지만 합금조성의 정교한 제어가 필요하기 때문에 오버레이 용접에 적용하기 위해서는 모재와의 희석률을 제어하는 방안이 필요하다. 용접플럭스 설계기술은 용접시 금속이행모드, 용융풀 거동 등과 같은 용접현상 제어를 통해 오버레이 용접재료의 용접성과 용접비드형상, 용접부 희석률을 최적화할 수 있는 기술이다. 본 연구에서는 내마식 고인성 오버레이 용접재료의 개발을 위해 다양한 용접플럭스를 첨가한 메탈코어드 와이어를 제조하고 일정 송급속도에서 GMA 용접시 용접전압과 용접전류 간의 관계를 분석하여 용접플럭스가 아크현상 및 희석률에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.97-108
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• 2005

The International Seabed Authority (ISA) formally came into existence upon the entry into force of the UNCLOS on 16 November 1994. By adopting the Implementing Agreement in 1994, UNCLOS has the universality as a Magna Carta of International Ocean Regime, and the Deep Seabed Mining Regime could be operated as a unique one for the benefit of mankind. During last 10 years, ISA established the institutional framework successfully and made substantial and tangible progress in formulating the rules, regulations and procedures for the prospecting and exploration for polymetally nodules. Furthermore, RPI's obligations had been carried out completely, and the 7 RPI made contract with ISA to become a contractor who has an at least 15 you exclusive right for exploration in their allocated site. However, due to the uncertainty of commercial mining, the number of representatives from developing countries has been getting looser and looser and ISA has a problem of quorum of the Assembly. Land-based producers took a very strong opposite position to the contractors to make their loss in the minimum level. For the next decade, it might be prospected that ISA will focus on monitoring the contractor's activities, making rules, regulations and procedures for exploration on cobalt rich crust, sulphide and methane hydrate and implementing environment studies.

• Proceedings of the KWS Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.72-72
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• 2010

최근 오일샌드, 극지유전, 심해저자원 등 극한지 자원개발이 활발해짐에 따라 수요가 증대되고 있는 극한지용 내마식 소재는 내마식성과 함께 저온 인성이 요구된다. 철계 합금에서 관찰되는 변형유기 마르텐사이트 상변태는 입자의 충돌에 의한 충격을 흡수하고 소재의 표면을 가공경화시켜 내마식성 향상 및 저온 인성에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대되고 있지만 합금조성의 정교한 제어가 필요하기 때문에 오버레이 용접에 적용하기 위해서는 모재와의 희석률을 제어하는 방안이 필요하다. 용접플럭스 설계기술은 용접시 금속이행모드, 용융지 유동거동 등과 같은 용접현상 제어를 통해 오버레이 용접재료의 용접성과 용접부 희석률을 최적화할 수 있는 기술이다. 본 연구에서는 내마식 고인성 오버레이 용접재료의 개발을 위해 Fe-12Cr-1.2C 합금조성을 갖는 메탈코어드 와이어에 대하여 아크안정제로 사용되는 Ca 함유 용접플럭스 첨가가 용착부 형상 및 희석률 변화에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.660-662
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 미 인근 해저에서 ODP로 확인된 부존 하이드레이트 샘플을 다양한 분광학 및 실험적 분석 방법을 통해 시료의 물성 및 특성을 파악하여 부존된 하이드레이트 자원의 성분 파악을 목적으로 하고 있다. 일반적으로 가스 하이드레이트 연구에 있어서 X-ray diffractometer, NMR stectrometer, Raman spectrometer 등 분광학적 분석기기를 이용하여 가스 하이드레이트의 구조 및 성분을 규명한다. 본 연구에서는 실험실에서 인위적으로 만들어진 메탄 하이드레이트와 심해저 천연가스 하이드레이트 층에서 채취된 샘플의 비교 분석을 통하여 심해에 매장되어 있는 천연가스 하이드레이트의 구조 및 성분을 규명하였다 XRD 결과로부터 천연가스 하이드레이트는 sI의 구조를 가지며 NMR 및 Raman 결과에 의하면 하이드레이트 내에 포집되어 있는 가스의 주 성분은 메탄인 것으로 밝혀졌다. 또한 천연가스 하이드레이트를 이용한 이산화탄소의 치환 실험을 통하여 심해저 천연가스 하이드레이트 층의 이산화탄소 저장 매체로의 활용 가능성을 조사하였다.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.187-210
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• 2009

Space law(or outer space law) and the law of the sea are branches of international law dealing with activities in geographical ares which do not or do only in part come under national sovereignty. Legal rules pertaining to the outer space and sea began to develop once activities emerged in those areas: amongst others, activities dealing with transportation, research, exploration, defense and exploitation. Naturally the law of the sea developed first, followed, early in the twentieth century, by air law, and later in the century by space law. Obviously the law of the sea, of the air and of outer space influence each other. Ideas have been borrowed from one field and applied to another. This article examines some analogies and differences between the outer space law and the law of the sea, especially from the perspective of the legal status, the exploration and exploitation of the natural resources and environment. As far as the comparisons of the legal status between the outer space and high seas are concerned the two areas are res extra commercium. The latter is res extra commercium based on both the customary international law and treaty, however, the former is different respectively according to the customary law and treaty. Under international customary law, whilst outer space constitutes res extra commercium, celestial bodies are res nullius. However as among contracting States of the 1967 Outer Space Treaty, both outer space and celestial bodies are declared res extra commercium. As for the comparisons of the exploration and exploitation of natural resources between the Moon including other celestial bodies in 1979 Moon Agreement and the deep sea bed in the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, the both areas are the common heritage of mankind. The latter gives us very systematic models such as International Sea-bed Authority, however, the international regime for the former will be established as the exploitation of the natural resources of the celestial bodies other than the Earth is about to become feasible. Thus Moon Agreement could not impose a moratorium, but would merely permit orderly attempts to establish that such exploitation was in fact feasible and practicable, by allowing experimental beginnings and thereafter pilot operations. As Professor Carl Christol said until the parties of the Moon Agreement were able to put into operation the legal regime for the equitable sharing of benefits, they would remain free to disregard the Common Heritage of Mankind principle. Parties to one or both of the agreements would retain jurisdiction over national space activities. In so far as the comparisons of the protection of the environment between the outer space and sea is concerned the legal instruments for the latter are more systematically developed than the former. In the case of the former there are growing tendencies of concerning the environmental threats arising from space activities these days. There is no separate legal instrument to deal with those problems.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.40 no.7
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• pp.663-670
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• 2016

This paper introduces the concept of the computer-aided engineering(CAE) design method for a bypass valve in a system that is used for the safe lifting of mineral resources in deep-seabed mining. Although the bypass valve has a simple mechanism, its design is very difficult because of various influencing factors. This equipment, which has a complex design process, should be developed by CAE-based design method. The method can perform the design, design verification, and virtual experiment at the same time. In this study, the CAE-based method for the design of the bypass valve has been developed using fluid dynamics, multi-body dynamics, and optimization method.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.12 no.2 s.25
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• pp.115-123
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• 2006

The policy regime of ocean is changed from ocean liberty paradigm to ocean management paradigm. Ocean resources have the characteristics of weak excludability and strong rivalry. Therefore, they need rational ocean management so as to curb the tragedy of commons. The important ocean issues and policy regimes today is ocean pollution, coastal management, sea-level rise, fishery, whaling, ocean jurisdictions, deep seabed resources, military security, piracy, ecological environmental security and so on. This paper aims at reviewing these major international ocean issues, the policy regimes for them, and the desirable tasks of ocean policy regimes in the future from the macro perspective of international ocean politics or policy-making.

• Journal of the Korean Geophysical Society
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.311-320
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• 2006

Digital filters designed using wavelet theory are applied to bathymetry data acquired from KR5 area of Korea Deepsea Mining Area. The filters used in this study are the linear B-spline wavelet filter and derivative of a Cubic B-spline filter. With proper tuning of the digital filters, we can identify the location and orientation of the abyssal hill and abyssal trough in bathymetry. These features obtained from the digital filters are well correlated with bathymetric image. This quantitative information, which can be used to understand the underlying geophysical processes, can be further processed to obtain the spacing, orientation and distribution of the abyssal hill. This wavelet analysis of bathymetry provides good data to select the mining site.