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Estimation of GHG Emissions by Flooding Water Depth in a Rice Paddy Soil using DNDC (DNDC를 이용한 물관리방식별 논토양에서의 온실가스 배출량 산정)

  • Oh, Yun-Gyeong;Choi, Jin-Yong;Yoo, Seung-Hwan;Lee, Tae-Seok;Park, Na-Young
    • Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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    • 2011.05a
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    • pp.462-462
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    • 2011
  • 1994년에 발효된 기후변화협약에서 우리나라는 선발 개도국으로 분류되어 온실가스 의무감축 대상국에서 제외되었으나 제2차 공약기간 (2013~2017년)부터는 온실가스 감축 의무이행이 불가피할 것으로 예상되어 그 대응책 마련이 시급한 실정이다. 현재 국내에서는 국제기준에 부합하는 온실가스 배출량 통계자료 구축을 위한 기초연구가 다양하게 수행되고 있으나 온실가스 감축을 위한 시나리오 설정이나 모의실험 연구는 계획 중이거나 시작 단계에 있다. 이 중 농경지에서의 온실가스 배출은 환경조건에 따라 온실가스를 배출하거나 흡수할 수 있는 양면성을 갖기 때문에 미래의 온실가스 배출을 예측하고 국내 실정에 맞는 저감방안을 수립하기 위해서는 다양한 조건을 적용하여 온실가스 배출량을 모의할 필요가 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 작물생육과 토양환경의 상호작용을 고려하여 농업생태계 내에서의 온실가스 배출을 모의하는 DNDC (Denitrification-Decomposition)를 이용하여 다양한 물관리 방식을 적용하여 벼 재배시 논에서의 온실가스 배출량을 산정하고 그 결과를 비교하고자 하였다. 물관리 방식에 따른 온실가스 배출 모의를 위해 관개시기를 조정하여 상시담수와 간단관개시의 시나리오를 적용하고, 담수심의 깊이에 따라 심수관개시와 최소 담수심 시나리오를 적용하여 온실가스 배출량을 산정하였다. 이는 향후 농경지를 대상으로 관개 방식 개선을 통해 온실가스 배출량을 감축하고 지속가능한 토지이용방안을 모색하는데 기초자료로 활용할 수 있을 것이라 판단된다.

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Transient Intestinal Ileus in Neonate: A Study of Comparison with Hirschsprung's Disease (신생아기의 일시적 장폐쇄증: 허쉬스프룽병과의 비교 연구)

  • Choi, Kwang-Hae
    • Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.194-198
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    • 2009
  • Purpose: Severe abdominal distension is not uncommon symptom in the neonate. Two major causes of this symptom are benign transient intestinal ileus (BTII) and Hirschsprung`s disease (HD). But it is difficult to differentiate BTII from HD based on the symptoms and simple abdominal x-ray findings. The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the clinical aspects and diagnostic tests differencing two diseases. Methods: From August 2004 to March 2009, nineteen patients with severe abdominal distension, who underwent barium enema, anorectal manometry, and rectal suction biopsy (triple tests) due to a suspicion of HD, were enrolled. A comparison of clinical data associated with BTII and HD based on the clinical features and results of triple tests. Results: The age of onset of symptom was between 2 and 6 weeks in BTII and within 3 weeks in HD. On the barium enema, transitional zone revealed in 6 (50%) patients in BTII and 4 (57.1%) in HD. On anorectal manometry, the anorectal inhibitory reflex was present in 11 (91.7%) patients in BTII and 1 (14.3%) in HD. On rectal suction biopsy, ganglion cell was present in 9 (75%) patients in BTII and 0 (0%) in HD. Abdominal distension was improved within 3 months of life in all cases of BTII. Conclusion: We think that anorectal manometry may be more simple and useful diagnostic method than barium enema and rectal suction biopsy for differential diagnosis of transient intestinal ileus and Hirschsprung's disease.

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STABLIZATION OF THE EARLY ERUPTED FIRST PREMOLAR WITH FIXED APPLIANCE (고정식 장치를 이용한 조기 맹출 소구치의 안정화)

  • Hwang, JI-Won;Kim, Seong-Oh;Choi, Hyung-Jun;Choi, Byung-Jai;Son, Heung-Kyu;Lee, Jae-Ho
    • Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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    • v.38 no.1
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    • pp.62-67
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    • 2011
  • Early eruption refers to an accelerated eruption of a tooth beyond the normal eruption period. The clinical findings of an early erupted tooth with little formation of crown and/or root include severe mobility, pain on chewing, hypocalcification of the enamel, and inclination, displacement, and rotation of the tooth. The radiographic findings include underdeveloped root and insufficient bone support. Early eruption of a permanent tooth can cause several complications such as chronic trauma, pain, edema, an increased rate of premolar impaction and tooth displacement and/or rotation. Therefore, when a permanent tooth erupts earlier than its normal eruption period with accompanying symptoms, appropriate treatments should be done as soon as possible. A female patient of age 7 without any systemic disease was referred from a local dental clinic with chief complaint of severe mobilities and pain in both upper first premolars. According to the clinical and radiographic examinations, the permanent teeth erupted earlier with barely formed roots, severe mobilities, edema, and pain. This case is to report the successful accomplishment of root formations and stabilization of teeth after applying intraoral fixed appliances using bands and spurs for 14 months.

The Study on the Effect to the Yields with the Intermediate Cutting Periods of Mulberry Branch and at the Picking Levels of Leaf Remains in Autumn (추잠기 중간벌채시기 및 잔조에서의 적엽정도가 뽕의 수량에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구)

  • 김문협;김호락;최하자
    • Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.81-94
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    • 1971
  • This research is conducted to study the effect to rebbuding, death atop, yielding and occurrence of twig blight disease with the interemediate cutting periods of mulberry branch and at the picking levels of leaf remains in autumn. The results obtained are as follows: 1. Re-budding branches are decreased with delaying of interval cutting period, and that more leaves remained lesser both re-budding branches and buds are observed. Therefore, it is better that leaves remained are placed on the upper part of branch, practically with 3-5 leaf remains. It has decreased re-budding branches, in case cutting is conducted in Sept. 20 with picking leaving 3-5 leaf on. 2. With regard that all picking increases the percentage of death atop of the branch and upper half part picking increases slightly over the other treats. Although it seems unlikely to be different in the other treats with cutting period, exception of all picking, it is elucidated better that the all picking after cutting in Sept. 15 represents unusually high, seemingly effected by the temperature contition preferable to the life of twig blight disease along with the lack of branch nutrition caused by the all picking. 3. In view of yielding, it has no difference in autumn yielding with cutting period, but more picking levels of leaf remains, more yielding. In spring yield, both no picking and all picking is the lowest, in spite of cutting period. Each treat produces high yielding except the no picking if rutting is done in Sept. 15 and Sept. 20, respectively; otherwise it is done earlier or later, each treat produces low yielding. It is suggested that yielding ability in following spring affected by the autumn picking because all picking treats represent lower yielding ability than no picking ones except of cutting in Sept. 15 and Sept. 20. With respect to total yield in spring and autumn, it is represented that other treats, among which cutting in Sept. 15 and Sept. 20 is especially high, produce higher yielding than both no picking and all picking. But no difference seemed in leaf remained treats. In these respects, it may be concluded that 3-5 leaf remains after the interval cutting in Sept. 15 to Sept. 20 increases the yielding throughout two seasons and it is suggested that 3-5 leaf remains after cutting in Sept. 5 to Sept. 10 has no difference with no picking and cutting after that day. 4. Diseases in the branch remained are twig blight, massaria-bye, and Die-back, of which twig blight attacks tremendously and slight ouurence in messaria-byo and Die-back. In ouurence of twig blight, it is appeared much in all picking and seasonal occurence high in Sept. 15 with 92.9, and in Sept. 30 with 100 as index, respectively. Also it occurs ,considerably in upper part picking but little occurrence in no picing. 5. It is considered that negative correlation among re-budding percentage. No. of re-budding leaf, and spring yielding is found, seemingly without heavy correlation at -0.42, and -0.27, respectively. However, death atop of branch and occurence of twig blight has little correlation with spring yield. On the other hand, positive correlation highly appeared with the correlation coefficient at 0.8 between occurence of twig blight and death atop of branch.

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Biventricular Repair of Critically III Neonate with Ebstein′s Anomaly - Report of 1 case - (증상이 심한 신생아 Ebstein 기형의 양심실성교정 -1례 보고-)

  • Kong, Joon-Hyuk;Kim, Woong-Han;Ryu, Jae-Wook;Lee, Seog-Ki;Baek, Man-Jong;Lim, Cheong;Kim, Soo-Cheol;Oh, Sam-Se;Na, Chan-Young;Kim, Soo-Jin;Park, Young-Kwan;Kim, Chong-Whan
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • v.35 no.4
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    • pp.303-306
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    • 2002
  • Patients with severe Ebstein's anomaly showing in the neonatal period, represent progressive cardiac enlargement with pulmonary hypoplasia and functional pulmonary atresia with patent ductus alteriosus-dependent pulmonary circulation. Biventricular repair in these patients had been mostly unsuccessful except for Starnes' procedure that converts the anatomy to single ventricle physiology for Fontan procedure. A 4-days old male was admitted with the diagnosis of severe Ebstein's anomaly with anatomic pulmonary atresia and severe cardiac enlargement. He successfully underwent biventricular repair with vertical plication method of atrialized right ventricle, tricupid annuloplasty, transannular right ventricular outflow tract reconstrulltion, atrial septal defect patch closure with fenestration, and right atrial reduction angioplasty Postoperatively, cardiothoracic ratio was significantly reduced and mild tricuspid regurgitation was remnant in echocardiography. The patient is currently 10 months old and is fully active without restrictions.

Some Biological Characteristics of Tuber Formation in Eleocharis kuroguwai (올방개 괴경(塊莖) 형성(形成)에 관(關)한 생물학적(生物學的) 특성(特性))

  • Shin, H.S.;Chun, J.C.
    • Korean Journal of Weed Science
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.132-137
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    • 1993
  • Some biological characteristics with respect to tuber formation of Eleocharis kuroguwai Ohwi were investigated. Tuber formation was initiated at the descending time of daily maximum and minimum temperatures, accelerated under the minimum temperature lower than $20^{\circ}C$, and terminated at about $10^{\circ}C$. Tubers produced at the early season were located at deeper soil layers. Large tubers were found at deeper soil depths and required the longer period for sprouting as compared with small tubers. Percent emergence decreased as the emergence depth increased, while percent old-tuber produced during previous years was greater at the deeper depths.

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Geochronological Study on Gyeonggi Massif in Korea Peninsula by the Rb-Sr Method (경기편마암 복합체의 Rb-Sr 연대측정연구)

  • Seung Hwan Choo;Dong Hak Kim;Won Mok Jae
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.23-32
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    • 1983
  • In the previous studies on Rb-Sr geochronology, Gyeonggi Massif was known as the oldest rock in Korea Peninsula but the detailed sequence of geochronology was not studied yet. In the present study, some of whole rock isochrons considered here can be geochronologically grouped as follows: The ages of leucocratic gneisses at Yangpyeong, and augen and banded gneisses at Anyang show 2200 to 2300 m.y. which may represent the time of the Massif formation or an igneous intrusion. The age of the granite gneiss distributed in Yangpyeong area shows about 1400 m.y., which apparently represents the intrusion time of the gneiss. The age of the extremely altered metamorphic rock shows about 500 m.y., which may represent the time of a Caledonian orogenic event probably with hydrothermal activities. The other episodic ages of 800 to 900 m.y. which was widely observed through the Massif, may represent the ages of Precambrian igneous activities or regional metamorphism in the Massif. It seems to be reasonable that the ages of 120 to 270 m.y. show the times of Mesozoic and Late Palaeozoic Plutonisms in the Massif.

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A Study on the Time-periodic Characteristics of Changes in Typhoon Activities and Precipitation over the Korean Peninsula (시기별 한반도 영향 태풍의 활동 특성 및 강우 변화 분석)

  • Kang, Hyun woong;Park, Jin Hyeog;Jang, Su hyung;Son, Chan Young;Kim, Jung Min
    • Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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    • 2018.05a
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    • pp.321-321
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    • 2018
  • 태풍은 단시간동안 인류활동에 막대한 영향력을 미치는 저기압 시스템 중 하나로 인류에 중요한 수자원을 공급하여 물 부족 현상을 해소하거나, 열대해역에 축적된 과잉 에너지를 수송하여 에너지 균형을 유지하고, 해양 및 대기 정화로 인한 생태계를 활성화하는 긍정적인 면과 육지에 상륙함에 따라 심한 강풍과 폭우를 동반하여 인적 경제적 피해를 주는 부정적인 면을 동시에 지니고 있는 중요한 대기현상이다(Lee, 2006; Wang, 2010; Xu, 2013; Delphine et al., 2013). 2002년 루사, 2003년 매미, 2012년 볼라벤, 2013년 하이옌 그리고 2016년 차바와 같이 세력이 강한 태풍으로 인해 동아시아 지역은 매년 막대한 인명 및 재산피해가 야기되고 있는 실정임에 따라, 태풍으로 인한 재해를 최소화하고 태풍이 가지는 긍정적인 혜택을 적극 활용하기 위해서는 태풍의 활동 및 호우 예측 및 경향성에 대해 보다 정량적인 연구가 필요하다(Oh et al., 2011; Kim and Jain, 2011; Li and Zhou, 2012; Son et al., 2013). 따라서, 본 연구에서는 Son et al.(2014)이 제시한 태풍의 경로 및 규모를 고려한 태풍 추출기법을 적용하여 한반도에 영향을 미친 태풍 및 태풍강우를 추출하였으며, 이를 과거 1977-1994년(Period 1)과 1995-2012년(Period 2) 두 기간으로 분류하였다. 또한, 태풍의 최대풍속을 기준으로 3단계(35-64kt, 65-94kt, 95kt이상)로 구분하여 과거 시기별 태풍 활동(최대풍속, 최소중심기압, 발생빈도, 발생지점, 전향점, 경로) 특성을 분석하고, 과거 시기별 태풍강우(시간 최대 태풍강우량, 총 태풍 강우량)의 변화 분석을 수행하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 향후, 태풍과 관련하여 수질개선 및 수자원확보 등과 같은 태풍 활용방안과 태풍 피해저감을 위한 치수대책 수립 등에 대한 기초자료로 활용가능하며, 기후변화로 인해 야기될 수 있는 태풍의 활동 및 강우 특성 변화를 파악하는 데 이용가능 할 것으로 판단된다.

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Application of Vocal Fold Vibration Analysis Parameter for Infant Congenital Heart Diseases Diagnosis (소아 선천성 심질환 진단을 위한 성대 진동 분석 요소의 적용)

  • Kim, Bong-Hyun;Cho, Dong-Uk
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.10 no.10
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    • pp.2708-2714
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    • 2009
  • Due to poor linguistic communication skills of sucklings and infants, crying mostly is only means of communication to express their body conditions and desires. We, therefore, developed an infant auscultation system which detects which part of the body has a pathological problem, by analysing infant's crying sound patterns. Specifically, in this paper, we accomplished an auscultation system for congenital heart diseases detection by performing pitch, intensity and spectrum analysis of the crying sounds between the normal infants group and the congenital heart diseases group. With this system, we can diagnose congenital heart diseases of infants with poor communication capacity, and, in the near future, can build a home care diagnosis system based on crying sound analysis technologies through additional experiments on medical data.

Influences of Proteolytic Ability of Lactic Acid Bacteria on Acid Production and Precipitates Occurrence in Liquid Yogurt Preparation (액상발효유 제조시 유산균 Starter의 단백질 분해능이 산생성 및 침전발생에 미치는 영향)

  • 소명환
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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    • v.12 no.4
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    • pp.285-291
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    • 1984
  • In making liquid yoghurt, the influences of proteolytic ability of lactic acid bacteria on acid production and on protein stability were investigated. L. bulgaricus CH-2, L. helviticus IAM 1042 and L. jugurti 3048 showed a comparatively high proteolytic activity in milk, while L. casei YIT 9018 did not show any marked proteolysis. Starter organisms having high proteolytic ability showed more rapid growth and acid production than those having low ability in milk. The most active proteolysis occurred during logarithmic growth phase of yogurt organisms, and most of the proteolysis took place in the first 24-48 hrs of incubation. Highly proteolysed yogurts made by L. bulgaricus CH-2, L. jugurti 3048, L. helviticus IAM 1042, L. acidophilus L-54 and L. casei 3012 had low protein solubility at pH 3.5 and had much protein precipitates during storage of product, but those having little protein hydrolysates made by L. casei YIT 9018 or artificial acidification showed no precipitation during keeping.

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