• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.303-309
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• 2013

As an alternative of the spent fuel disposal in a geologic repository, a deep borehole disposal concept for disposal at the section of 3 - 5km deep in a borehole has been proposed in several countries. In this paper, the latest reports of Sandia National Laboratories on the borehole disposal researches are analyzed. For implementation of this disposal concept in Korea, a conceptual design of spent fuel disposal canister and a modified deep borehole concept are suggested along with a required disposal area.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.601-604
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• 2003

방사성폐기물 처분 연구의 일환으로 화강암지역내 500m 심도의 심부시추공이 착정되었으며, 다중패커시스템이 설치되어 장기적으로 심도별 지하수의 수리 및 화학특성이 모니터링 되고 있다. 지하수 수두값의 심도별 특성은 천부에서 심도 250m까지는 대체로 감소하는 경향을 보이며 250m이하에서 500m 심도까지는 증가하는 경향을 보여준다. 각 심도구간에서의 지하수 수두값은 장기적으로 일정한 값을 보여주지만, 장마기간동안 집중적으로 모니터링된 결과에 따르면 심도 370m 상부에서는 지하수 함양변화에 따라 지하수 수두가 변화되는 반면, 심부구간에서는 지하수 함양변화에 대하여 영향을 받지 않음을 보여준다.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.430-437
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• 2001

모든 질병에서 피로감은 환자가 경험하는 매우 흔한 증상으로서 임상간호현장에서 쉽게 간과 되어져왔다. 최근까지 건강관련 학문분야에서 피로감에 관한 수많은 연구가 진행되어져 왔지만. 임상간호현장에 도움이 될 만한 연구결과, 즉 임상 간호사의 간호사정과 간호중재에 지침이 되는 연구는 부족한 현실이다. 구체적인 연구 계획에 앞서, 연구의 이론적인 배경과 근거, 이론에서 추출된 개념, 변수와 연구 도구들간의 전체적인 일관성이 매우 중요하다. 추상적인 이론으로부터 개념과 변수를 거쳐 연구에 직접 사용될 구체적인 연구도구를 일관성 있게 선택하는 일련의 과정을 'Theoretical Substruction'이라 한다. 심부정맥환자가 지각하는 피로감에 관한 연구에 앞서, 본 글을 통해 심부정맥과 피로감의 이론적인 연관성과 이 연구를 위한 개념과 변수, 구체적인 연구도구를 선택하는 과정, Theoretical Substruction에 대해 토의될 것이며, 이에 따른 연구질문도 제의 될 것이다.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.131-145
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• 2015

Thermodynamic prediction of weathering products from primary aquifer minerals around underground disposal sites was investigated. The distribution of solubility quotients for kaolinite-smectite reactions showed the trend of reaching at equilibrium with Ca-, Mg-, and Na-smectite for deep groundwaters in granitic aquifers. The values of $10^{-14.56}$, $10^{-15.73}$, and $10^{-7.76}$ were proposed as equilibrium constants between kaolinite and Ca-, Mg-, and Na-smectite end members, respectively. On stability diagrams, most of deep groundwaters were located at equilibrium boundaries between stability fields of kaolinite and smectites or on stability fields of smectites and illite. Shallow groundwaters in basic rock aquifer were plotted at the same stability areas of deep granitic groundwaters on stability diagrams. The results indicated that the primiary mineralogical composition may be important to predict weathering products in deep aquifers.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.163-169
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• 2014

Glucose metabolism abnormalities secondary to heart failure, including insulin resistance (IR) and impaired fasting glucose, have been gradually recognized as important prognostic factors in disease progression. However, to date, no study has investigated glucose abnormalities in dogs with chronic mitral valve insufficiency (CMVD). Thus, we hypothesized that glucose metabolism abnormalities due to heart failure may develop in dogs with CMVD. A prospective study was performed on 113 client-owned dogs with variable CMVD severities. Serum insulin, glucagon, fructosamine, and glucose concentrations were measured, and insulin resistance was determined using the homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) score. The serum insulin concentration had a significant inverse association with the heart failure severity. However, there was no significant association between the heart failure severity and fructosamine, HOMA score, and fasting blood glucose. Insulin, fructosamine, and HOMA had a significant positive association with body condition scores (BCS), whereas glucose had no association. This study found that insulin secretion in dogs with naturally occurring heart failure due to CMVD might be compromised as the disease worsens.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.319-327
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• 2018

This study is a qualitative study using focus group interview to explore the perception regarding smartphone use for adhering to self-care in chronic heart failure patients. Eleven patients who were diagnosed with heart failure were included. Three focus groups were held with heart failure patients at an outpatient cardiac care center. The focus group discussions were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using the method of constant comparative analysis. The 12 sub-themes were categorized into 'perception of smartphone use', 'Barriers to smartphone use', and 'Facilitators to smartphone use'. We found that the need to design tailored the messages or health information based on individual preferences. Our findings will be used to develop or design a smartphone based self-care program for patients with heart failure.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.715-725
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• 2003

This paper is a part of a research program to develop a new design method for reinforced concrete bridge columns under seismic loading. The objectives of this paper are to investigate the relationship between ductility and confinement steel amount and to propose a design equation for reinforced concrete bridge columns. Computer program NARCC was used for parametric study, which was proved to provide good and conservative analytical result especially for deformation capacity and ductility factor compared with test result. A total of 7,200 reinforced concrete columns confined with spirals or perfect circular hoops were selected by combination of variables such as section diameter, aspect ratio, concrete compressive strength, yielding strength of longitudinal and confinement steel, longitudinal steel ratio, axial load ratio, and confinement steel ratio. Based on the parametric study a new design equation for confinement steel amount considering ductility demand was proposed, which can be used in the new seismic design method, i.e. ductility-based seismic design, for RC bridge columns.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.38 no.8
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• pp.715-720
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• 2014

In order to maximize the effect of left ventricular assist device (LVAD) on ventricular unloading, the therapy should be begun at appropriate level of heart failure severity. We predicted pumping efficacy of LVAD according to the severity of heart failure theoretically. We used 3 dimensional finite element model of ventricle coupled with 6 Wind-kessel compartmental model of vascular system. Using the computational model, we predicted cardiac responses such as contractile ATP consumption of ventricle, left ventricular pressure, cardiac output, ejection fraction, and stroke work according to the severity of ventricular systolic dysfunction under the treatments of continuous LVAD. Contractile ATP consumption, which indicates the ventricular energetic loading condition decreased maximally at the $5^{th}$ level heart-failure under LVAD therapy. We conclude that optimal timing for LVAD treatment is $5^{th}$ level heart-failure when considering LVAD treatment as "bridge to recovery".

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.17 no.5 s.89
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• pp.775-784
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• 2005

In this research, major design factors have been evaluated for the establishment of the rational seismic design code of circular RC(reinforced concrete) bridge pier Previous experimental researches have drawn a conclusion that transverse confinement reinforcements have been excessively used for RC bridge piers in Korea. Thus, the objective of this study is to propose a rational design equation for transverse reinforcements of RC bridge piers in Korea which would be classified as a low or moderate seismic region. Newly proposed equation further considers the effect of the axial force ratio and the longitudinal steel ratio. Minimum transverse confinement steel ratio is also proposed to avoid probable buckling of the longitudinal reinforcing steels subjected to relatively low axial force. It is thought that these new codes seem to alleviate the rebar congestion in the plastic hinge region of RC bridge piers which contribute to the enhancement of constructibility and economization for RC bridge construction.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.34 no.9
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• pp.711-715
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• 2001

Background: Deep venous thrombosis(DVT) is a curable disease when it is appropriately treated in the early stages of onset. The long term follow up of chronic DVT shows poor prognosis with serious complications such as venous valvular insufficiency, venous claudication, venous ulcer and leg swelling. Thrombolytic therapy is a very active treatment that delivers thrombolytic agents via catheter to the target thrombi. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of catheter directed thrombolysis using urokinase to acute DVT. Material and Method: We studied 5 patients, who were diagnosed as acute DVT and had no contraindication for selective hemolysis using urokinase. Result: All the patients were successfully recanalized. Total infusion time of urokinase was 2.0$\pm$0.6 days, and the amount was 5.9$\pm$2.45 million IU. In 4 patients, who were diagnosed as May-Therner syndrome, we performed the balloon angioplasty and inserted the stent at the stenotic portion. There were minor complications such as hematuria, hematoma at puncture site, and all of them are self limited. Conclusion: Catheter induced thrombolysis is an effective treatment in acute DVT.