• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• autumn
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• pp.323-326
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• 2004

에어컨 실외기의 구조 방사 소음을 줄이기 위해 제진재를 적용함에 있어 구조 인텐서티(structural intensity)법을 사용할 수 있다. 에어컨 실외기 각 패널의 법선 방향의 속도는 레이져 스케닝 바이브로미터(laser scanning vibrometer)에 의해 측정되며, 측정된 데이터는 공간 주파수 영역(k-domain)으로 변환하여 구조 인텐서티 계산에 필요한 공간 미분값이 구해진다. 이러한 과정을 통하여 계산된 구조 인텐서티 중 반동 전단 구조인텐서티(reactive shearing structural intensity)값이 가장 높은 부분에 사각형 형상의 제진재를 적용한다. 본 논문은 패널에 비해 그 크기가 작은 제진재의 적용으로 에어컨 실외기의 구조 방사 소음을 줄일 수 있음을 보여준다.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.149-154
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• 2014

Detection performance of fire detection in the outdoor depends on weather conditions, the shadow by the movement of the sun, or illumination changes. In this paper, a smoke detection in conjunction with a robust background estimate algorithm to environment change in the outdoor in daytime is proposed. Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) is applied as background estimation, and also, statistical characteristics of smoke is applied to detect the smoke for separated candidate region. Through the experiments with input videos obtained from a various weather conditions, the proposed algorithms were useful to detect smoke in the outdoor.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.47-54
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• 2017

The popularity of Pokemon games has raised the interest in outdoor augmented reality games. This paper introduces a handgun type motion controller for an outdoor augmented reality shooting game and augmented reality game contents linked to it. The existing augmented reality game controller can only operate the game with the trigger interaction, but the proposed device can also operate the game with motion interaction. A motion-based game controller allows you to immerse yourself in Outdoor AR FPS game.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.15 no.3 s.47
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• pp.154-159
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• 2006

An experimental study has been performed to investigate the correlation on compressor discharge temperature of capacity modulated system A/C in cooling mode. Indoor and outdoor temperatures, the cooling capacity, compressor discharge temperature and loading time are measured by the psychrometric calorimeter. The system is controlled by applying the scroll compressor operated by PWM valve and loading duty. With decreasing outdoor temperature, the cooling capacity increases. But, with decreasing indoor temperature, it decreases. According to the increase in outdoor temperature and loading duty, compressor discharge temperature increases. From these experimental data, the correlation on compressor discharge temperature is proposed. The correlation obtained from the present study is agreed with the experimental data within $3^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.1410-1419
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• 2019

In this research, it is to find a method that frost does not form on the outdoor unit to develop a heat pump capable of heating in cold regions. For this reason, we produced an incubator capable of creating an environment of -25℃, and constructed an experimental apparatus so that experiments in the room were possible. However, it is necessary to grasp the characteristics of the air reaching the front of the heat pump outdoor unit installed in the experimental apparatus, and flow analysis was performed using ANSYS CFX, which is general-purpose software. As a result, the flow velocity of the air reaching the front of the outdoor unit in the outdoor unit chamber in the entire region of the simulation conditions (5.0 to 7.5 m/s) has many differences in the upper and lower portions, resulting in a natural state. It turned out that the condition can not be satisfied. Therefore, it is determined that it is necessary to additionally install a frequency divider at the front of the outdoor unit to make the flow velocity constant.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.371-377
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• 2017

The performance of an air conditioner is closely related to the cooling performance of a split-type outdoor unit so that, in most of the relevant preceding studies, the independent performance of an axial fan in an outdoor unit has been studied. However, there is a lack of research on the effects of other components in an outdoor units was rarely investigated. Therefore, in this paper, the effects of the fan orifice among other parts on the flow performance of the outdoor unit was numerically investigated. A virtual fan tester consisting of 18 million grids was developed for highly resolved flow simulation. The unsteady RANS (Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes) equations are numerically solved by using finite-volume CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) techniques. In order to verify the validity of the numerical methods, the predicted P-Q curve of the cooling fan in a full outdoor unit is compared with the measured one. Optimization of orifice shape was carried out for maximum flow performance of the outdoor unit using the validated numerical method.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.3-20
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to explore the heterogeneity of compensating wage differentials for outdoor workers, under the threat of climate change and heatwave, by region and by wage quantile. This study conducted Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition, multiple regression analysis by region, and unconditional quantile regression analysis using the Korean Working Conditions Survey, which provides individual-level information on the working environment and worker's characteristics. The implications derived from the results of the study are as follows: For most variables, the endowment effect and the price effect were greater for indoor workers, while experience and gender played a role in narrowing the wage gap; The compensating wage differentials for outdoor workers were confirmed to be 2.4% nationwide, depending on the region however, the compensating wage differentials varied from 5 times of national average to nothing statistically significant; The higher the wage quantile, the greater the compensating wage differentials for outdoor workers, and statistically significant monetary compensation was not identified for some low-level outdoor workers. This study is meaningful as an early study that revealed the heterogeneity of compensating wage differentials for outdoor workers and suggested further research on the topic.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.143-164
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine toddlers' experienced world, which was shown in a play of the nature-friendly outdoor environment. Through this, the aim was to offer an opportunity of trying to seek a plan for activation in the nature-friendly outdoor play as for toddlers. This study targeted 9 toddlers between 22 months and 33 months who are attending S child care center where is located in Busan Metropolitan City, and was progressed with qualitative research method available for examining the in-depth significance of the phenomenon. A method of data collection was carried out the participatory observation and the in-depth interview. As a result of the study, the toddlers play experience in nature friendly outdoor environment provided special and various experience that can be limited in indoor at daycare center. First, toddlers were experiencing 'exploratory world of making a sense awakened.' Second, toddlers were experiencing 'communicative world of making emotion awakened.' Finally, on the early childhood education and the child-care education, a plan of offering enough time will need to be pursued now that toddlers can experience a play by being deeply immersed in nature, which is the space of free communication and the living sensational space, with escaping from the existing frame.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.32 no.5 s.92
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• pp.404-411
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• 2006

이 연구의 목적은 유치원에서 총 휘발성 유기화합물의 농도를 평가하고, 총 휘발성 유기화합물 농도와 대표적인 8개 방향족 화합물의 상관관계를 조사하는데 있다. 도시에 위치한 11개 유치원의 실내와 실외에서 각각 30개, 11개의 지역시료를, 시골에 위치한 4개 유치원에서는 각각 10개, 4개의 시료를 테낙스 튜브를 이용하여 오전에 1-2시간 채취하였다. 채취한 시료는 열탈착하여 가스크로마토그래피-질량분석기로 분석하였다. 13가지 물질을 각각의 표준물질로 개별 정량하여 이중 빈번히 발견되는 8가지 방향족 유기화합물은 상관관계 평가에 사용하였다. 총 휘발성 유기화합물은 톨루엔을 기준으로 정량하였다. 도시에 위치한 유치원 실내의 총 휘발성 유기화합물 농도가 높았고, 조사 건수의 50%가 환경부 및 교육인적자원부의 가이드라인($400{\mu}g/m^{3}$)을 초과하였다. 도시지역의 유치원 실내 및 실외의 기하평균은 각각 $387.9{\mu}g/m^{3}$과 $134.9{\mu}g/m^{3}$이었고, 시골지역 유치원에서는 각각 $189.6{\mu}g/m^{3},;74.4{\mu}g/m^{3}$이었다. 톨루엔, 크실렌, 에틸벤젠, 정량한 유기 화합물 총합, 총 휘발성 유기화합물은 기하정규분포를 하였다. 벤젠, 톨루엔, 에틸벤젠, 크실렌(BTEX)은 도시에 위치한 유치원에서 농도도 높고, 총 휘발성 유기화합물중 함량도 높았고, 시골지역에서는 농도와 상대적 함량이 낮았다. 도시지역에서는 총 휘발성 유기화합물 중 BTEX의 비중이 25.2%였고 정량한 13가지 유기화합물 중에서는 35.6%를 차지하였다. BTEX 각각 개별물질은 미국 환경보호청이 제시하는 일일 노출 기준량(Reference Concentration; RfC) 보다는 현저히 낮았다. 총 휘발성 유기화합물읜 농도는 실내가 실외 보다 높았다(I/O ratio 2.5). BTEX의 상대적 함량도 실내가 실외보다 높아 실내에도 발생원이 있음을 암시하고 있다. 자료 분석결과 유치원 실내의 벤젠은 실외로부터 유입되고 있었고, 톨루엔, 에틸벤젠, 크실렌은 실외뿐 아니라 실내에서도 발생하고 있었다. 정량한 8개 화합물 각각과 총 휘발성 유기화합물의 스피어만 상관계수는 벤젠을 제외하고는 모두 유의하였다. 이중 톨루엔과 크실렌은 총 휘발성 유기화합물과 좋은 상관성 (톨루엔 0.76, 크실렌, 0.87)을 나타내었다. 이 연구는 톨루엔과 크실렌이 총 휘발성 유기화합물의 좋은 지표를 사용될 있고, 톨루엔, 에틸벤젠, 크실렌 등 많은 휘발성 유기화합물의 발생원은 실외뿐 아니라 실내에도 있음을 나타내고 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.259-264
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• 2014

This paper is research paper on the MPD(Magnet Position Device) for the outdoor MGV(Magnet /Magnet Gyro Guidance Vehicle). Usually, MGV is used in indoor environment because of a measurement height of the magnet position device. CMPD(Commercial magnet position device) has 30 mm measurement height, so this is suitable structure in indoor environment like to a flat surface. Outdoor environment is an uneven and irregular, So Outdoor MGV must has a suspension. But CMPD is unsuitable for outdoor environment because of a collision with a surface caused by suspension. Thus, measurement height of the outdoor MPD is positively necessary more than 100 mm. So, we suggest the outdoor MPD using analog magnet hall sensor, moving average filter and Characteristic(rate of the magnet hall sensor) function of the localization. Result of the experiments, the proposed Magnet Position Device for the outdoor MGV has localization accuracy 4.31 mm, measurement height 150 mm and width 150 mm and is efficient more than CMPD.