• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.275-280
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• 2010

Recently, This paper suggests that LED-ID technique applying positioning method for LED light. also, Authors in this paper has launched this investigation earnestly. However, there are various interferences such as MPI(Multi Path Interference) by reflected waves of the surface and interfere factors by their correlation properties of the ID in LED-ID wireless channel. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a novel OOK(On-Off Keying)-CDMA(Code Division Multiple Access) system using unipolar ZCD(Zero Correlation Duration) spreading code and verify the availability of the proposed system via the evaluation performance simulation.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.465-470
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• 2017

This paper designs and implements a smart garden system using probabilistic filter algorithm using SLAM that can be used in apartment or veranda. To do this, we used Arduino and environtal sensors, which are open hardware controllers, and designed to control and observe automatic water supply, lighting, and growth monitoring with three wireless systems (Bluetooth, Ethernet, WiFi). This system has been developed to make it possible to use it in an indoor space such as an apartment, rather than a large-scale cultivation system such as a conventional plant factory which has already been widely used. The developed system collects environmental data by using soil sensor, illuminance sensor, humidity sensor and temperature sensor as well as control through smartphone app, analyzes the collected data, and controls water pump, LED lamp, air ventilation fan and so on. As a wireless remote control method, we implemented Bluetooth, Ethernet and WiFi. Finally, it is designed for users to enable remote control and monitoring when the user is not in the house.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.117-127
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• 2011

Townhouse have been developed as alternative housing types for combining the characteristics of detached houses and high-rise apartments, Much research on townhouse have investigated physical environments of townhouse and provide a number of planning factors to be considered. However, these factors do not reflect the residents' experiences of the environments sufficiently. The aim of this research is to investigate residents' satisfactions in townhouse as an exploratory study which can be a basis for the improvement of residential environments in townhouse. First of all, we selected a target townhouse and conducted a field study to examine the existing state of the townhouse. Then a customized questionnaire was developed and distributed to residents in the townhouse for investigating their satisfactions on the residential environment. The questions included are divided into four categories; site environment, unit space, community area and housing management. Through the statistic analyses of the residents' responses, the residents' satisfactions of the residential environment were identified. Especially the residents' satisfaction on the community area, which revitalizes neighborhood relationships, is very high. They were also satisfied with the conditions of the sub-categories, 'a distinctive exterior' 'a private planning', 'outdoors' and 'landscapes', in townhouse. In conclusion, we suggested considerations for the improvement of the residential environments and the quality of life in townhouse.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.167-177
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• 2013

The environmental considerations should be taken into full consideration in order to make the use of ground space as comfort and efficient as that of ground space. The visual environmental factors which provide visual informations in underground spaces where the environmental information can be acquired only by the surroundings expand their role as affordance for wayfinding. This study focuses on the visual performance evaluation of wayfinding factors on the subway transfer station platform and aisle as major space for movement in four subway transfe stations and analyzes the material, pattern, color, and lighting provided by the visual environment in underground space as directional marked label, regional differentiation and sign system. The results of this study comes are as follows. First, As to the directional marked label at the subway platform and transfer aisle, following patterns are colors, finishing materials and lighting for the sake of safety and convenience, And regional differentiation, following colors are patterns for the space division. Finally sign system which practically provides the most information, however, it is most insufficient to be a space-preception element. Second, According to the type of platform structures, such as an island platform and a separate platform, the main areas of and necessity for the space-perception elements may bring about changes. Third, these four stations that has been analyzed for this study, lighting, compared with color, finishing material and pattern, has been highly insufficient to be a perception element.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.36 no.9B
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• pp.1108-1116
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• 2011

The visible light communication system that transmits data by controlling light emission of LED and receives data through photo detecter is considered as one of the strong candidates of the next generation wireless communication systems. The visible light communication provides both lighting and wireless communication wherever the LED lamps are installed. Due to the feature of visible light communication system, the communication is possible within the area that LED light reaches, and the communication quality depends on the light intensity received at the receiver. In this paper, we analyze the effects of LED panel position and lighting angel on communication channel quality in visible light communication systems. Through computer simulations, we prove that position of LED panel and light angle have a great impact on illuminance and SNR of the visible light communication systems.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.1488-1492
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• 2010

USN(Ubiquitous Sensor Network) is the network that widely applies for life of human being. It works out to sense, storage, process, deliver every kind of appliances and environmental information from the stucktags and sensors. And it is possible to utilize to measure and monitor about the place of environmental pollution which is difficult for human to install. It's studied constantly since it be able to compose easily more subminiature, low-power, low-cost than previous one. And also it spotlights an important field of study, graft the green IT and IT of which the environment and IT unite stragically onto the Network. This study realize a IAQM(Indoor Air Quility Management) sensing mechanism composition under the network and suggest the application of Environment monitoring system outlook to measure an Environment element.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2020

The main purpose of the research is to prevent residents who are using underground parking lot from being exposed to pollusion, and to allow them to enjoy clean indoor environment. The study subject for the research are underground parking lots in 20 different apartments, 4 of them were constructed before 2000, 10 were constructed from 2000-2010, and the rest were constructed after 2010. By analyzing the air quality in these underground parking lots, we found out that O3, NO2, CO, PM10, Radon in all parking lots were not excessive compared to the standard limit. TVOC rate was measured with the value in between 312 ~ 2,137㎍/m3, with CO2 value in between 193~1,824 ppm, and HCHO with the value in between 0.01~1.52ppm. The lightning system in underground parking lots in apartments constructed before 2000 were using manual light control system, while automatic light control system was used in all apartments constructed after 2000, and the brightness of parking lots in apartments constructed before 2000 was quite low. The apartments constructed after 2000 are performing cleaning and ventilation due to management agreement, while the apartments constructed before 2000 are not performing regular cleaning and there was no mechanical ventilation system installed. The difference of indoor air quality was significant seasonally, daily, and yearly (year of construction), while illuminance was significantly different yearly.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.302-310
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• 2013

Many museums have recently employed digital technologies in exhibition installations to provide visitors with interactive experiences with the installations, not just audiences. However, most of them have focused on the adoption of new prototypes or technologies, not considering user experiences of those systems carefully. This study developed an evaluation tool for usability of the tangible user interfaces and conducted a usability study on museum installations emphasizing user interaction and experience. The evaluation tool is composed of 5 features of tangible user interfaces such as tangible, interaction, convenience, representation, spatial interaction and social interaction, and 24 items. The museum we investigated is the Gwacheon National Science Museum, where 8 installations, classified 4 categories, were selected for the usability study. We recruited 6 undergraduate students, who were divided into 2 teams, each team having 3 students. Three students in a team manipulated and experience each installation together and reported their evaluation score through the questionnaire and interviews. The results showed that the score of the usability for the category 3, which requires students to move their bodies for the interaction, is the highest one because it features with spatial interaction. Students expressed much interest in the category 4, which utilizes users' other senses, however, the score of the usability is the lowest because the interaction is temporary and repetitive. Most installations are well designed in terms of control constraints, legibility, lower thresholds, participation encouragement, and open to the public, but pooly designed in terms of multiple access points, configurability, accurate movement, ambient media, and full-body interaction.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.551-557
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• 2013

In intelligent robot research, hand gesture recognition has been an important issue. And techniques that recognize simple gestures are commercialized in smart phone, smart TV for swiping screen or volume control. For gesture recognition, robust hand detection is important and necessary but it is challenging because hand shape is complex and hard to be detected in cluttered background, variant illumination. In this paper, we propose efficient hand detection algorithm for detecting pointing hand for recognition of place where user pointed. To minimize false detections, ROIs are generated within the compact search region using skin color detection result. The ROIs are verified by HOG-SVM and pointing direction is computed by both detection results of head-shoulder and hand. In experiment, it is shown that proposed method shows good performance for hand detection.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.140-146
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• 2018

Recently, VLC(Visible Light Communication) fusing with LED(Light Emitting Diode) used in indoor lighting and wireless communication technology has attracted attention. However, the VLC can communicate only within the coverage to measure the optical signal and the communication disconnection phenomenon is occur in the NLoS(Non-Line-of-Sight) area. In this paper, we propose VLC relay module to extend the coverage of VLC and improve the communication disconnection phenomenon in NLoS area. The proposed VLC relay module transmits the packet received from the transmitter to the VLC relay module and receiver. The experiment was carried out by installing one VLC transmitter and three VLC relay modules, communication coverage expansion and the improvement of communication disconnection phenomenon in the NLoS were confirmed by the increase of the VLC relay module. Also, we confirmed that the optical signal measurement performance is improved 2.4 times by using the dual sampling method.