• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
• /
• 1998.04a
• /
• pp.275-280
• /
• 1998

인간의 감성에 영향을 미치는 요인은 다양하나 이 중에서도 열환경은 인간에게 미치는 정도가 어떠한 요인보다도 큰 것으로 알려져 있다. 열환경이라 함은 온도, 습도, 기류, 복사열을 말하며 이 요소들과 인간의 감성과는 밀접한 관련을 지닌다. 열환경과 관련된 인간의 감성을 측정, 평가하기 위해서는 주위의 열환경이 정밀하게 제어되는 공간에서 작업이 이루어져야 한다. 실내 공간의 열환경을 임의로 제어하기 위해서는 급기되는 공기의 조건과 벽체의 온도가 정밀하게 제어되어야 한다. 공기와 벽체 조건은 가열, 냉각, 가습 또는 제습에 의하여 정밀하게 제어되며 이를 실현하기 위하여 공조 시스템은 일반적인 시스템과는 달리 특수한 조건이 요구된다. 공조 시스템의 각 구성요소가 컴퓨터에 의해 개별적으로 제어될 수 있어야 하며 특수 조건에 따른 유연성이 뛰어나야 한다. 본 연구에서는 열환결 제시에 적합한 공조 시스템을 개발한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
• /
• 2010.04a
• /
• pp.243-246
• /
• 2010

최근 정보량의 급격한 증가로 데이터센터는 점차 대형화되고 있으며, 통합적으로 관리/운영되기 위해서는 전산실내 적절한 온도와 습도의 유지가 필수적이므로, 전산실내 에너지의 사용 효율을 극대화하기 위한 연구가 꾸준히 이루어지고 있다. 이 연구에서는 국내 공공부문의 대형 전산실을 모델로 선정하여 전산실 내 서버의 위치, 용량 그리고 냉각시스템 등을 고려하여 전산실내 열/유동특성을 수치적으로 규명함으로써, 에너지 효율 극대화를 추구하고 전력을 절감하여 저탄소 녹색성장과 그린IT 환경을 구축 하고자 한다. 이를 위하여 실제 측정한 환경 데이터를 바탕으로 전산유체역학(CFD)을 이용하여 3차원 비압축성, 정상상태의 열/유동특성을 예측한다. 또한 기존 및 개선된 전산실에 대한 비교결과를 바탕으로 새로운 열/유동조건을 도출하며, 이를 통하여 전산실 운영에 필요한 에너지 효율향상 방안을 제안하고자 한다. 연구 결과, 전산실 천장의 냉기유입부분과 열기배출부분으로 나뉘어 냉복도와 온복도를 형성하며, 내부 서버와 기타 각종 장비들의 발열 등으로 부분적인 열섬(Thermal island)현상이 나타났다. 이러한 열섬현상을 줄이고, 전산실내 환경을 최적화하기 위하여 찬공기 유입부분의 속도, 배출구의 유량, 그리고 냉/온 복도의 역할 변경 등 여러 가지 가능한 매개변수에 대한 연구가 필수적이다. 또한, 서버에서 발생한 고온의 공기를 배출하는 것이 전산실 내 적절한 온도구현에 효과적이며, 열섬현상을 방지하기 위해서는 이 부분에 차가운 공기의 유입이 필요하다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
• /
• 1999.11a
• /
• pp.13-18
• /
• 1999

기존의 공조방식 및 본 연구에서 제안한 개별환경제어시스템(PEM)으로부터 열유체 유동 헤석용 PHOENICS 프로그램을 이용하여 3차원 시뮬레이션을 수행하여 재실자가 거주하고 있는 CR(컴퓨터실)에서의 Heat Gain과 재실자 온열성 특성을 감성공학적 측면에서 분석하였다. 본 연구로부터 바닥으로부터 공기를 유입하여 천정으로 유출하는 바닥취출공조방식이 실내 환경 개선에 유리하고 diffuser만을 통하여 공기가 유입되어 천정과 바닥으로 공기가 유출되는 PEM 방식은 열적 냉각 성능은 좋으나 PC와 재실자 주변에 강력한 재순환 유동이 발생되어 실내 환경의 쾌적성 측면에서는 불리하나 PEM과 TAM방식의 결합이 감성공학적 온열특성 분포로부터 CR실의 재실자 주변 온도 분포에 최적임을 알 수 있다.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.27-39
• /
• 2000

In this study, we quantitatively compare the cooling effects of single span plastic greenhouses by opening or shutting of toot and side vents, and operation of fan or sprinkler. With those variables, we simultaneously made experiments at 4 greenhouses under equivalent conditions. By the experiments, the shutting of roof and side vents caused the high temperature difference of indoor and outdoor which the crops cannot be cultivated. However, the opening of the windows effectively reduced the indoor temperature and showed uniform temperature distribution in the greenhouses. The sprinkler abruptly reduced the indoor temperature, and showed excellent cooling effects. Finally, this paper provides the fundamental data for environmental control in greenhouses.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.35 no.6
• /
• pp.732-739
• /
• 2011

In recent years, the crisis of energy is growing seriously and also the contamination of ecology has been reverberated as international problem. The social concerns on energy crisis have been growing for the last several years and also the interests in new and renewable energy have been increased. Therefore, in order to solving these problems, this study has dealt with the solar air collector with perforated endothermic panel to increase the indoor temperature. And also, the PV panel for running indoor air circulating fan has used to increase the convective heat transfer. This study is consisted with experiment and numerical parts. From this study, the experimently result is indicated that the inlet air temperature is increased up to 45[$^{\circ}C$]. This temperature is enough to heat the indoor air during winter season. And the numerical calculation results revealed that the mixing effect of convection is increased with increasing in fan circulating power.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.49-58
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this study were to make clear the present condition of indoor thermal and air environment by cooling in school classrooms and to analyze the relation of the living conditions with indoor environment. The measurements on physical elements and observations on living conditions were carried out in 6 classrooms of 3 middle or high schools. Measuring elements were indoor temperature, relative humidity, PM10 and $CO_2$ concentration. As results, the averages of indoor temperature each classrooms were $24.9{\sim}26.6^{\circ}C$. Most of classrooms were lower than the Maintenance standard $(26{\sim}28^{\circ}C)$ of School Health Law. The means of relative humidity were $51.3{\sim}72%$, all classrooms were ranged within the standard $(30{\sim}80%)$. The means of PM10 concentration were $3.5{\sim}23.1{\mu}g/m^3$, all classrooms were kept within the standard $(100{\mu}g/m^3)$. The means of $CO_2$ concentration were $1218.7{\sim}4705.4ppm$, all classrooms were exceed the standard (1,000ppm). The results of analysis on relations of living conditions with the physical elements are as follow; the air conditioner set of temperature, windows and doors opening elapsed time, the number of students in classrooms and activities of students had certain effect on indoor environment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
• /
• 2024.01a
• /
• pp.47-48
• /
• 2024

Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning(HVAC) 시스템은 난방(Heating), 환기(Ventilating), 공기조화(Air Conditioning)를 제공하는 공조시스템으로, 실내 환경의 온도, 습도 조절 및 지속적인 순환 및 여과를 통해 실내 공기 질을 개선한다. 이러한 HVAC 시스템에 이상이 생기는 경우 공기 여과율이 낮아지며, COVID-19와 같은 법정 감염병 예방에 취약해진다. 또한 장비의 과부하를 유발하여, 시스템의 효율성 저하 및 에너지 낭비를 불러올 수 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 HVAC 시스템의 이상 탐지 및 조기 조치를 위한 Transformer 기반 이상 탐지 기법의 적용을 제안한다. Transformer는 기존 시계열 데이터 처리를 위한 기법인 Recurrent Neural Network(RNN)기반 모델의 구조적 한계점을 극복함에 따라 Long Term Dependency 문제를 해결하고, 병렬처리를 통해 효율적인 Feature 추출이 가능하다. Transformer 모델이 HVAC 시스템의 이상 탐지에서 RNN 기반의 비교군 모델보다 약 1.31%의 향상을 보이며, Transformer 모델을 통한 HVAC의 이상 탐지에 효율적임을 확인하였다.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
• /
• 2006.11a
• /
• pp.291-296
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this study were to make clear the present condition of indoor thermal and air environment by air-conditioning in school classrooms and to analyze the relation of the living conditions with indoor environment. The measurements on physical elements and observations on living conditions were carried out in 6 classrooms of 3 middle or high schools. Measuring elements were indoor temperature, relative humidity, $PM_{10}$ and $CO_2$ concentration. As results, the averages of indoor temperature each classrooms were 24.9${\sim}$26.6 . Most of classrooms were lower than the Maintenance standard(26${\sim}$28 ) of School Health Law. The means of relative humidity were 51.3${\sim}$72%, all classrooms were ranged within the standard(30${\sim}$80%). The means of $PM_{10}$ concentration were 3.5${\sim}$23.1 ${\mu}g/m^3$, all classrooms were kept within the standard(100 ${\mu}g/m^3$). The means of $CO_2$ concentration were 1218.7${\sim}$4705.4 ppm, all classrooms were exceed the standard(1,000ppm). The results of analysis on relations of living conditions with the physical elements are as follow; the air conditioner set of temperature, windows and doors opening elapsed time, the number of students in classrooms and activities of students had certain effect on indoor environment.

• Solar Energy
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.57-67
• /
• 1998

A study on a buoyancy effect by the temperature difference between a inner room air and a inflowing cool air and also by Inlet velocity can contribute greatly to enhance performance of air conditioning system, so the study on the distribution characteristics of inflowed cool air is important to analyze the cool air storage in a room. For this study, in the real-sized model room, the temperature differences between inflowing cool air and inner room air are 10, 20, $30^{\circ}C$, and the inlet velocities of inflowing cool air are 1, 2, 3m/s respectively as dynamic parameters. Also, a anemos and a vane type diffuser are used as inlet geometric conditions. Following conclusions have been obtained through this study. 1) In case of the anemos type diffuser, it is found that a dimensionless temperature profile is low and the distribution of the inflowed cool air is uniform. and also, all diffuusers have a low temperature of the inner room as increasing the inlet velocity. 2) A mixing takes place rapidly in case of the anemos type diffuser when the temperature difference is low ${\Delta}T=10^{\circ}C$ and the inletvelocity is high V=3m/s. and the mixing degree is higher with the anemos type diffuser than the vane.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.122-126
• /
• 2017

The aim of this study was to develop a device for solving the heating problem of living space using heated air, utilizing a simple air heater type collector for solar energy. At the present time, this study assessed the possibility of a development system through theoretical calculations for the amount of available energy according to the size change of the air-heated solar energy collector. To produce and supply hot water using the heat energy of the sun, hot water at $100^{\circ}C$ or less was produced using a flat or vacuum tube type collector. The purpose of this study was to research the air heating type solar collector that utilizes heating energy with heating air above $75^{\circ}C$, by designing and manufacturing an air piping type solar collector that is a simpler type than a conventional solar collector system. The analysis results were obtained for the generated air temperature ($^{\circ}C$) and the production of air (kg/h) to determine the performance of air heating by an air-heated solar collector according to the heat transfer characteristics in the collector of the model when a specified amount of heat flux was dropped into a solar collector of a certain size using PHOENICS, which is a heat flow analysis program applying the Finite Volume Method. From the analysis result, the temperature of the air obtained was approximately $40.5^{\circ}C$, which could be heated using an air heating tube with an inner diameter of 0.1m made of aluminum in a collector with a size of $1.2m{\times}1.1m{\times}0.19m$. The production of air was approximately 161 m3/h. This device can be applied to maintain a suitable environment for human activity using the heat energy of the sun.