• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.52
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• pp.223-240
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• 2003

The present study is to identify personal factors of defecting North Korean residents that obstruct their settlement in South Korean communities. It will provide information about what perception, attitude and behaviors of defecting North Korean residents should be changed and what social skills should be improved in order to successfully adjust to South Korea. Personal obstacles were measured by police officers who are providing special protection for defecting North Korean residents, who are in a good position to observe behaviors of defecting North Korean residents because they are spending a great deal of time with them. They can even identify the personal obstacles not perceived by defecting North Korean residents themselves. Twenty-item scale was developed to measure the personal obstacles and was found to comprise 4 obstructing factors: self-supporting ability related factor, life style related factor, social and cultural adaptation related factor, and attitude toward police officer's support related factor. Among them, self-supporting ability related factor had the highest negative score. The study further revealed that self-support ability and life style related factors had a significant effect on the job burden of police officers. The findings suggested the necessity of ethical and moral education for the defecting North Korean residents.

• Korea and Global Affairs
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.63-88
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• 2018

The purpose of the present paper is to examine the North Korean refugee protection system and its shortcomings. Based on the findings from the analysis of legal system and status of personal protection, this paper proposes the following measures to solve the problems and improve South Korea's existing system. First of all, personal protection for North Korean refugees should be carried out in an inclusive and humanitarian manner. Secondly, the collaborative governance operating system for protecting North Korean refugees should be established. Lastly, clear guidelines for personal protection procedures should be developed to ensure personal protection officers'accountability.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.49
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• pp.217-246
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• 2016

Most of the North Korean defectors are the socially disadvantaged, and formed the lowest class in South Korean society. Their main objectives are to achieve economic wealth. In this process, North Korean defectors have often committed the crime or have been criminal victims. The purpose of this study was to propose the effective preventive measures after analyzing the actual situation of North Korean defectors in criminal behaviors and criminal damages. This research has studied of the literature on the criminal behavior and the criminal damage by North Korean defectors, utilized the relevant statistical data, cited the news for the relevant cases, and proposed the effective preventive measures of criminal behaviors and criminal damages of North Korean defectors by doing in-depth interviews with personal protection officer First, in order to prevent criminal activity by North Korean defectors, we should uplift the identity as the members of Korean society, systemize the initial adapt education, enlarge the employment protection and the resettlement helper system, manage North Korean defectors according to adaptive type, develop the network, establish the management department for the defectors, strengthen the training of prison inmates, and strengthen the management of unprotected people. Next, in order to prevent the criminal damages of North Korean refugees, we should manage vulnerable North Korean defectors effectively, maintain the liaison between the personal protection officer and North Korean defector, arrange the personal safety measures in advance when traveling abroad, enhance the legal education for usual living in Korean society, and perform the re-education for the female socialization.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.51
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• pp.223-249
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze the actual situation of crime victimization by North Korean defectors and to examine whether any of the protection and support systems for defectors has a statistically significant effect on the perceived effectiveness for preventing the criminal victimization of North Korean Defectors. The subjects of this study were 107 police officers from the 17 provincial police departments. Independent variables were (1) social adaptation education in Hanawon, (2) protection officer system, (3) legal support system, (4) private participation system, (5) support for family life, (6) community participation activity. And the dependent variable is the crime prevention effectiveness for the defectors. As a result of multiple regression analysis, it was found that the independent variables that have a significant effect on the effectiveness of prevention of crime victimization were protection officer system and support for family life. First, in order to prevent the crime victimization of North Korean defectors in advance, three kinds of protection officer system that will be received after the transfer of the residence should play the role successfully. Second, the efforts of the government and municipalities alone are insufficient for the early settlement of North Korean defectors. Therefore, it is necessary to diversify the support and protection programs for North Korean refugees through cooperation with civic organizations. Third, it is necessary to expand the legal education time so that North Korean defectors do not suffer crime because of lack of legal knowledge. Fourth, in order to prevent North Korean defectors from being victimized by various kinds of crime, it is necessary to actively support them so that family life can be stabilized.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.45
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• pp.7-35
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• 2015

South Korea's socioeconomic status is high enough to support services for the protection of crime victims. Until now, the Ministry of Justice was the only institution to protect and support the victims, but recently the national police is included. This is considered preferable, since the police is the one to contact the victims first- they can provide immediate support after the incident. Several limits in current laws and crime protection system exist. Therefore, given the importance of protecting victims, model of public-private joint forms should be considered. In premise of establishing a new relationship between the public-private joint system of justice and the maintenance, the range of police's involvement with crime supports will be determined. In the case of developed countries, the police and private organizations maintain close cooperation, appearing as substantial care and support for crime victims. Therefore this study reviews the problems in crime victim protection, assistance from the police stage, and suggest the improvements as follows. The first is to redefine the role of the police who first contacted in the crime victims protection support, the second is to establish a permanent cooperation framework, such as victims specialized police, victims protection agency, the third is to develop services for victim protection available from the police stage, and the fourth, opening Victim Support Center functioning as a temporary accommodation or safety zone for the personal protection of victims. The fifth is to regularize solution conference for victims' protection, and the sixth is to divide of roles in state organization government in charge of victim's protection and local government responsible for victim's support.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.26
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• pp.7-28
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• 2011

This study is to propose the improvement of security related regulations to reinforce security activity and actualize constitutionalism in the National Assembly. For the purpose, some improvements could be considered as followings; First, legislating of regulations including some articles on the scope of security activity such as order preservation at assembly hall, facility security, security agents' right and protection of personal is necessary. Second, changing the organization and command system of security management is necessary for the unification of security activity and efficiency of the job. Also clear definition of terminology on the security job is need. For the shake of above object, one officer in charge of situation management and three section such as the personal protection section, facility security section and order preservation section could be substructured under security department. Third, elimination of unnecessary article on the arrest of red handed criminal in the assembly hall and on the physical checkup of audience by security agent is need. Also legislating of regulations on the hoarding of person who could disorder is necessary. Forth, legislating of regulations on the cooperation with government branch, judicial police power, carry and use of weapon and uniform and equipment to reinforce practical efficiency of security activity. For the proper legislating of the regulations, comparition with other public organizations such as presidential security Service, police, private security could be considered.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.14 no.1_spc
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• pp.487-518
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• 2008

The study identifies the major themes for integration education program which enhances the relationship between the north Korean refugees and their south Korean hosts. The themes were selected based on qualitative analysis of the socio-cultural conflicts experienced by the refugees and the hosts in the acculturation process. Twenty-eight north Korean refugees over age 20 participated in semi-structured interviews, and two south Korean groups in close contact with the refugees, police and volunteer teachers, were interviewed in focus groups. The interviews were recorded and transcribed for categorization and coding. The study views the acculturation issue as the two-sided integration task for both the north Korean refugees and the south Korean hosts rather than as the one-sided acceptance and assimilation task for the refugees.