• Proceedings of the Membrane Society of Korea Conference
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• 1997.04b
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• pp.39-39
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• 1997

김치산업에서 원재료의 염적공정중에 발생하는 폐염적수를 처리하여 염적공정에 재사용하는 새로운 시스템을 개발하였다. 관형 정밀여과막을 사용한 본 연구에서 막오염의 감소와 높은 막투과유속의 유지를 위하여 산역세척과 투과수역세척이 도입되었고 대상이 되었던 세공크기가 비슷한 4종류의 막(Carbosep M14, Membralox Z100, Membralox A200, Microdyne MD020TP 2N)에 대하여 역세척의 효율이 각각 다르게 나타났다. 특히 지르코니아 재질의 막 표면과 탄소재질의 지지체로 이루어진 Carbosep M14 세라믹막은 투과수역세척시에 역세척을 하지 않았을 때 보다 오히려 투과유속이 감소하는 특이한 현상이 관찰되었고 이러한 역세척 효율의 차이의 원인을 규명하기위한 연구가 진행되었다. 4종류의 막에 대하여 전처리된 폐염적수의 여과시 진행되는 막오염 메카니즘을 알아보기 위하여 문헌에서 잘 알려진 4가지의 여과모델식을 적용하여 보았고 직렬여과저항모델을 이용하여 여과저항을 세분하여 측정하였다. 모델식의 적용결과 역세척의 효율이 좋은 3종류의 막에는 막표면의 케이크형성이 주된 투과유속의 감소원인임을 알아내었고 carbosep M14 막은 용존유기물의 비가역적인 흡착과 세공막힘이 주된 원인임을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.142-146
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• 2007

This experiment was conducted to find identification of ginseng root's age using the number of stem vestiges in rhizome. The number of stem vestiges in rhizome is a useful key to confirm the age of ginseng root as follow : 4-year-old root has two, 5-year-old root has three, 6-year-old root has four. The distribution of stem vestiges in rhizome each year root are as follow : 2 stem vestiges in 4-year-old root is 89.5%, 3 stem vestiges in 5-year-old root is 79.7%, 4 stem vestiges in 6-year-old root is 46.3%. However, the limiting factors of identification of ginseng root's age using the number of stem vestiges in rhizome is appearance of multi-stem per plant and appearance of destroyed stem vestige in rhizome. The ratio of appearance of multi-stem per plant and destroyed stem vestige in rhizome are increased according to root age.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.189-189
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• 2005

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.247-254
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• 2003

This study was conducted to develop site index equations by main species grown in Gyunggi and Chungcheong provinces using environmental factors obtained from a digital forest site map. For this, 28 environmental factors were regressed on site index by species. Four to five environmental factors by species were selected as independent variables in the best site index equations (coefficients of determination greater than 0.91). For these site index equations, three evaluation statistics, mean difference, standard deviation of difference, and standard error of difference, were applied to the data set. Site index equations by species relationships developed in this study effectively estimate forest productivity in the study area. However, the site index equation of Larix leptolepis showed a larger than expected bias between the estimated and the measured site index. The reason is not clear in this situation, but might be because of the small sample set. It will be necessary, therefore, to conduct more studies to determine the exact reason. It is also expected that the site index equations with a few environmental factors as independent variables could provide valuable information about species well suited to given site conditions. Site index equations for other species should be developed to establish a rational policy about the selection of best species for site conditions.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.132-140
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• 2005

This study was conducted to develop regional site index equations for main tree species in Gangwon, Gyunggi-Chungcheong, Gyungsang, and Jeolla area of Korea, using environmental and soil factors obtained from a digital forest site map. Using the large data set obtained from the digital forest map, a total of 28 environmental and soil factors were regressed on site index by tree species for developing the best site index equations for each of the regions. The selected main tree species were Larix 1eptolepis, Pinus koraiensis, Pinus densiflora, Pinus thunbergii, and Quercus acutissima. Finally, four to five environmental and soil factors by species were chosen as independent variables in defining the best regional site index equations with the highest coefficients of determination $(R^2)$. For those site index equations, three evaluation statistics such as mean difference, standard deviation of difference and standard error of difference were applied to the data sets independently collected from fields within the region. According to the evaluation statistics, it was found that the regional site index equations by species developed in this study conformed well to the independent data set, having relatively low bias and variation. It was concluded that the regional site index equations by species had sufficient capability for the estimation of site productivity.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.120-131
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• 1992

효소에 의한 펩티드합성법은 합성반응의 개발초기에는 용매로서 침전계를 이용하여 아미노산 혹은 펩티드기질에서 펩티드생성의 방향으로 평형화하는 방법을 많이 이용하였지만 최근에는 물에 섞이는 유기용매들을 수용액과 함께 사용하여도 합성반응이 이루어진다는 사실이 밝혀졌다. 하지만, 효소를 공업적으로 이용할 때 값이 너무 비싸고 합성물과의 분리, 정제에 어려움이 있다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위하여 효소의 고정화법이 널리 이용되고 있다. 한편 protease에 의한 펩티드의 역합성은 단백질공학의 한 수법인 반합성으로서 주목을 끌고 있다. DNA의 조작기술이 오늘날과 같이 발전하기 이전에는 단백질합성의 공학적기법은 이 반합성과 화학적수식으로 한정되었다. 본고에서는 protease를 이용한 생리활성펩티드의 합성에 필요한 protease의 종류, 이들의 펩티드합성작용기구, 합성설계조건 및 유용 생리활성펩티드의 합성 예를 소개하였다.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.159-163
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• 2011

Cough is an important defensive reflex of the respiratory tract needed to clear and protect the upper airways, but it may become exaggerated and interfere quality of life. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the three most common causes of chronic unexplained cough. Diagnosing GERD related cough is challenging since many patients do not have esophagitis or an increased esophageal acid exposure during 24 h esophageal pH-metry. We treated two patients who had chronic cough, these subjects were diagnosed as Sikjeoksu (Shijisou, 食積嗽) and was administered Pyeongjingeonbi-tang (Pingchenjianpi-tang, 平陳健脾湯). First case had stuffiness below the heart and acid regurgitation with cough, but second case only had cough. After treatment, cough and other symptoms were improved. It showed that we must consider GERD on chronic cough patients.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.103 no.4
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• pp.605-612
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• 2014

This study was conducted to predict the changes of yearly productive area distribution for Quercus mongolica under climate change scenarios. For this, site index equations by ecoprovinces were first developed using environmental factors. Using the large data set from both a digital forest site map and a climatic map, a total of 48 environmental factors including 19 climatic variables were regressed on site index to develop site index equations. Two climate change scenarios, RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5, were then applied to the developed site index equations and the distribution of productive areas for Quercus mongolica were predicted from 2020 to 2100 years in 10-year intervals. The results from this study show that the distribution of productive areas for Quercus mongolica generally decreases as time passes. It was also found that the productive area distribution of Quercus mongolica is different over time under two climate change scenarios. The RCP 8.5 which is more extreme climate change scenario showed much more decreased distribution of productive areas than the RCP 4.5. It is expected that the study results on the amount and distribution of productive areas over time for Quercus mongolica under climate change scenarios could provide valuable information necessary for the policies of suitable species on a site.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.86 no.2
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• pp.241-250
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• 1997

The study was conducted to make a map for selecting righteous tree species for each site by digital terrain analysis. We set an algorithmic value for each tree species' characteristics with distribution pattern analysis, and the soil types were digitized from data indicated on soil map. Mean altitude, slope, aspect and micro-topography were estimated from the digital map for each block which had been calculated by regression equations with altitude. The results obtained from the study could be summarized as follows 1. We could develope a method to select righteous tree species for a given site with concern of soil, forest condition and topographic factors on Muju-Gun in Chonbuk province(2,500ha) by the terrain analysis and multi-variate digital map with a personal computer. 2. The brown forest soils were major soil types for the study area, and 29 tree species were occurred with Pinus densiflora as a dominant species. The differences in site condition and soil properties resulted in site quality differences for each tree species. 3. We tried to figure out the accuracy of a basic program(DTM.BAS) enterprised for this study with comparing the mean altitude and aspect calculated from the topographic terrain analysis map and those from surveyed data. The differences between the values were less than 5% which could be accepted as a statistically allowable value for altitude, as well as the values for aspect showed no differences between both the mean altitude and aspect. The result may indicate that the program can be used further in efficiency. 4. From the righteous-site selection map, the 2nd group(R, $B_1$) took the largest area with 46% followed by non-forest area (L) with 23%, the 5th group with 7% and the 4th group with 5%, respectively. The other groups occupied less than 6%. 5. We suggested four types of management tools by silvicultural tree species with considering soil type and topographic conditions.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.126-135
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• 2015

This study was conducted to develop a large scale map of species-specific plantation sites based on selected environmental variables such as topography, soil, and climatic factors in Namwon city. Site index equations by tree species were first regressed to 27 environmental variables that could influence the productivity of forest sites using digital forest site maps, digital climate maps, and the 5th National Forest Inventory data. Site index equations by tree species were all evaluated to estimate site productivity using 4-5 environmental variables, and the models' reliability was confirmed based on evaluation statistics. The determination coefficients of site index equations by species ranged from 0.42 to 0.76. With the site index equations, the site conditions appropriate for productive sites by species were considered to assess spatial distribution of productive areas for each species. The final map for optimal plantation in Namwon city was produced based on both site index equations and site conditions appropriate for productive sites by each species using GIS technique. Field survey was conducted to evaluate the suitability of selected species on the map of species-specific plantation sites. Results showed that the plantation map provides relatively reasonable spatial distribution of productive areas for selected species. It was revealed, however, that the sites evaluated as 'not suitable' for any tree species should be revised and complemented with additional information, especially with the site conditions appropriate for productive sites by species of interest. The outcomes of this study are expected to provide information for making customized species-specific plantation maps.