• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.9 no.4 s.33
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• pp.515-521
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• 1997

The effects of heat treatment and fiber orientation on tensile strength and fatigue behavior were studied in a continuously reinforced. magnesium-based composite Following an earlier TEM investigation, specimens were thermally aged to modified the interfacial zone between the alumina fibers and the magnesium alloy matrix. From the tensile experimental results, the ultimate tensile strength of the aged specimens were lower than that of the as-fabricated due to weak fiber-matrix interfacial strength with chemical reaction during the thermal processing. The fatigue crack growth experiments were conducted with specimens having the fiber orientation normal to the crack growth direction (longitudinal) and also specimens with the fibers oriented parallel to the crack growth direction(transverse). A comparison of the fatigue crack growth behavior indicates that aged longitudinal specimens are more resistant to fatigue crack growth the as-fabricated longitudinal specimens. Conversely, as-fabricated transverse specimens are more resistant to fatigue crack growth than aged transverse specimens.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.6 no.9
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• pp.925-930
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• 1996

Zr이 0.03wt%함유된 Mg-8.14Li-3.93AI 합금의 시효거동을 미소경도와 미세조직의 변화, 열분석 등으로 조사하였다. Zr의 첨가로 인하여 3원계 Mg-8.23Li-4.02A에 비하여 조직이 미세화되었으며 모든 시효조건에서 경도값이 높게 나타났다. 열분석결과 발열피크는 준안정 석출상인 MgLi2AI($\theta$)의 석출과 $\theta$상에서 안정상인 AILi으로의 변화와 관련된 것이고, 흡열피크는 $\theta$와 AILi상의 재용해에 대응되는 것으로 판단되었다. 피크 경도값(103Hv)은 $\theta$의 석출이 완료되는 393K에서 0.5시간 시효시 나타났으며 피크 경도조건에서의 미세조건은 $\beta$기지에 $\theta$와 AILi상이 공존하고 있음을 투과식 전자현미경으로 확인하였다.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.119-127
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• 1994

용접 이음부는 토우부의 응력집중에 의해 피로강도가 저하된다는 것은 잘 알려져 있는 사실이다. 이 때문에 용접 이음부의 피로강도 개선을 위하여 여러 방법이 제안되어 있으나 본 연구에서는 강을 가열후 급랭하여 극저탄소강의 피로강도 개선에 미치는 시효의 영향을 조사하였다. 탄소 함유량 0.019-0.080% 범위의 8종의 탄소강을 용해 제조하여 압연한 후 피로시험편을 가공하였다. 이 시험편을 $A_1$점 이하 $700^{\circ}C$로 가열하여 급랭 시효에 의한 저탄소강의 피로강도에 미치는 탄소함유량의 영향을 조사하였다. $700^{\circ}C$로부터의 급랭 및 시효에 의하여 인장강도 및 피로강도는 노랭, 공랭재의 경우에 비하여 훨씬 높아짐을 알 수 있었다. 또한 급랭후의 시효에 의한 피로강도 향상 효과가 가장 크게 나타나는 것을 페라이트의 탄소고용한도 0.02%에 가까운 합금 조성을 갖는 경우이었다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.411-419
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• 1999

It has been well recognized that a long term service at elevated temperature of $350^{\circ}C{\sim}550^{\circ}C$ induces embrittlement damage due to carbide precipitation and/or P, Sb and Sn segregation at grain boundaries and thereby deteriorates the grain boundary strength of heat resisting components in the energy-related plants. Therefore, it is very important to assess quantitatively the extent of embrittlement damage of heat resisting components to secure the reliable and efficient service condition and to prevent brittle failure in service. However, because fracture tests are limited in size and number of specimen obtained from the structural components, nondestructive test method is required. In this study, the optimum electrochemical parameters are investigated and discussed to evaluate nondestructive embrittlement damage for aged 2.25Cr-1Mo steels by means of electrochemical polarization test method (ECPTM) in proper corrosive environment. In addition, the electrochemical test results are compared with embrittlement degree evaluated by semi-nondestructive SP test.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.3 no.6
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• pp.606-613
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• 1993

This was studied about aging characteristic of AC4A/$SiC_{w}$ 10-30v/o reinforced composite. Aging hardenability was decreased $SiC_{w}$ 30% > 10% > 20%. Aging hardening of T6 treatmented composite was higher absolute value than AC4A I/M material. And this results indicated initial hardening phenomenon according to increase $SiC_{w}$ volume fraction. Reinforced effect by pressure was the same effect as before aging treatment and the best condition pressure at 75MPa. Similar to reinforced effect according to $SiC_{w}$ volume fraction was 30 % > 10 % > 20 %. In case of pressure is low, whisker is not break the same time press with base metal after wetting. After it is wetting with base metal, a part transformed or wetting part break and whisker maintain original shape or a part transformed on the otherhand, in case of pressure is high, whisker is break in same time it was not against pressure and whisker's shape is near a polygon or spherical shape.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.354-358
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• 1998

Effect of cold drawing ratio and aging time on the hardness of lnconel 718 wire aged at 11l6K were investi¬gated by hardness measurement and scanning & transmission electron microscopy. Hardness which was 245Hv in as¬solution treated condition increased very rapidly to 450Hv as cold drawing ratio increased to 50%. The hardness in the early stage of aging was increased by the precipitation of $\gamma^{'}$ and $\gamma^{'}$ phases and after the peak hardness, the hardness was decreased by the transformation of $\gamma^{'}$ phase to $\delta$ phase. The time to reach peak hardness during aging appeared to be reduced with the increase of cold drawing ratio, and those times were 30, 10, and 5 minutes for 0, 30 and 50% cold drawn materials, respectively. For the 50% cold drawn material. $\gamma^{'}$ and $\gamma^{'}$ were precipitated by aging for 5 minutes at 1116K. The hardness in the same material was largely decreased under the initial hardness by the recrystallization.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.93-103
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• 1981

It is well-known that nowadays heat resisting and anti-corrosive materials have been widely used as the components materials of gas turbines, nuclear power plants and engines etc. In the fields of machine production industry. And materials for engine components, like as the exhaust valve of internal combustion engine, have been required to operate under the high temperature range of $700^{\circ}C$-$800^{\circ}C$ and high pressured gas with repeated mechanical load for the high performance of engines. For these components, friction welding for bonding of dissimilar steels can be applied for in order to obtain process shortening, production cost reduction and excellent bonding quality. And age hardening recently has been noticed to the heat resisting materials for further strengthening of high temperature strength, especially high temperature fatigue strength. However, it is difficult to find out any report concerning the effects of age hardening for strengthening high temperature fatigue strength to the Friction welded heat resisting and anti-corrosive materials. In this study the experiment was carried out as the high temperature rotary bending fatigue testing under the condition of $700^{\circ}C$ high temperature to the friction welded domestic heat resisting steels, SUH3-SUS303, which were 10hr., 100hr. aging heat treated at $700^{\circ}C$ after solution treatment 1hr. at $1, 060^{\circ}C$ for the purpose of observing the effects of the high temperature fatigue strength and fatigue fracture behaviors as well as with various mechanical properties of welded joints. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1) Through mechanical tests and micro-structural examinations, the determined optimum welding conditions, rotating speed 2420 rpm, heating pressure 8kg/mm super(2), upsetting pressure 22kg/mm super(2), the amount of total upset 7mm (heating time 3 sec and upsetting time 2 sec) were satisfied. 2) The solution treated material SUH 3, SUS 303, have the highest inclination gradient on S-N curve due to the high temperature fatigue testing for long time at $700^{\circ}C$. 3) The optimum aging time of friction welded SUH3-SUS 303, has been recognized near the 10hr. at $700^{\circ}C$ after the solution treatment of 1hr. at $1, 060^{\circ}C$. 4) The high temperature fatigue limits of aging treated materials were compared with those of raw material according to the extender of aging time, on 10hr. aging, fatigue limits were increased by SUH 3 75.4%, SUS 303 28.5%, friction welded joints SUH 3-SUS 303 44.2% and 100hr. aging the rates were 64.9%, 30.4% and 36.6% respectively. 5) The fatigue fractures occurred at the side of the base matal SUS303 of the friction welded joints SUH 3-SUS 303 and it is difficult to find out fractures at the friction welding interfaces. 6) The cracking mode of SUS 303, SUH 3-303 is intergranular in any case, but SUH 3 is fractured by transgranular cracking.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.36-49
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• 1983

최근 높은 경제성과 용접성의 우수성에 의한 마찰 용접의 응용에 있어서 내열.내식 재료가 개스터어빈, 기관, 핵 발전기등의 기계 부품 생산 공업에 널리 이용되고 있다. 따라서 이종내열 합금강의 마찰 용접된 부품을 이용함에 있어서 내식.내마모 및 용접성 뿐만 아니라 고온 피로 강도와 크리이프 강도 등의 복합 특성에 관한 연구가 요구되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 마르텐사이트계 실크롬 내열강과 오오스테나이트계 닉켈크롬 스테인레스강의 이종 내식.내열 합금강의 최적 용접조건하에서 마찰 용접된 후의 시효 열처리가 용접재의 700 .deg.C 고온 회전 굽힘 피로강도 특성에 미치는 영향에 관하여 실험과 강도해석에 의해 조사되었고 용접후의 용체화 처리와 시효 열처리법에 의한 내열강 마찰 용접강도 개선법을 개발코저한 것이다.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.695-700
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• 1999

Effects of two-step aging treatment on the stress corrosion cracking(SCC) resistance of 7050 Al alloy were investigated by transmission electron microscopy, electrical conductivity measurement and stress corrosion facter(SCF) evaluation. It was found that η', principal hardening phase, transformed to η during over aging above maximum hardness, and SCC resistance was improved by increasing of the size and interspacing of η particles in matrix and grain boundary. The electrical conductivity increased with aging time, but SCF decreased due to the decrease of yield strength. This results mean increase of SCC resistance The optimum two-step aging condition in forged 7050 Al alloy was to be first aged at $120^{\circ}C$ for 6h and then finally aged at $175^{\circ}C$ for 12h.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.50-56
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• 1997

급냉응고법을 이용하여 고용한도 이상으로 Mn량을 첨가할 때 Mn량에 따른 인장특성의 변화와 시효특성을 조사하였다. 원심분무법으로 AI-4.7%Zn-2.5%Mg-0.2%Zr합금에 Mn량을 각기 달리 첨가한 급냉응고 분말을 제조 하였다. 이 분말을 냉간압축, 진공 탈가스처리를 한 후 15:1로 압출하여 봉상 시편을 만들었다. 분말의 미세조직은 $\alpha$-AI수지상과 수지상간 편석부로 이루어져 있으며 Mn첨가에 따라 조직의 변화는 관찰되지 않았다. 빠른 냉각속도로 인하여 2.0%Mn을 첨가한 경우에도 초정 Mn상을 발견할 수 없었다. 압출재의 미세조직은 아결정립으로 이루어져 있으며 약간의 제2상들이 관찰되었다. 대부분의 Mn 분산상은 압출후 용체화처리 과정에서 형성되었으며 시효경화량은 Mn양에 관계없이 일정하였다. 46$0^{\circ}C$에서 1시간 용체화처리하고 12$0^{\circ}C$에서 24시간 시효처리한 경우 최대의 시효경도값을 나타내었다. 인장강도는 Mn첨가량에 따라 증가 하였는데 이것은 Mn분산상의 밀도증가에 의한 것으로 확인되었다. 2.0%Mn을 첨가한 합금의 시효후 인장강도는 590MPa, 연산율은 4%를 보였다.