• Journal of the Korean earth science society
• /
• v.36 no.6
• /
• pp.591-608
• /
• 2015

The purpose of this study was to analyze system thinking revealed in science teachers' teaching practices of middle school astronomy classes. Astronomy lessons were video-taped from four eighth grade science teachers. The video recordings were all transcribed and analyzed by employing a framework for systems thinking analysis after modifying an existing frame of hierarchial structure used in relevant previous studies. In addition, four participants were interviewed in order to uncover their orientation toward teaching using video stimulated recall method. Findings are as follows: All participating teachers were not able to employ the four levels of system thinking appropriately and only utilized the low level of systems thinking. They also demonstrated teacher-centered practices for employing system thinking despite their student-centered orientation toward teaching. The main reason for these results may be that teachers focused more on spatial thinking, than on system thinking as well as the lack of teacher's knowledge about the content and formative assessment of non-earth science teachers. Implications on how to effectively employ the system thinking in astronomy class are discussed in this paper.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.38 no.3
• /
• pp.355-367
• /
• 2018

The purposes of this study are 1) to identify systems thinking level and definition, 2) to develop a framework for the assessment of systems thinking level, and 3) to develop a rubric for scoring open-ended written responded test. In order to achieve these purposes, a total of 60 articles were analyzed by using the literature analysis framework. The systems thinking level and definition are identified through the results of systems thinking literature analysis. Based on the systems thinking level and definitions, the research derived a framework that includes the core ideas and evaluation content of each level. In addition, rubric for the scoring of open-ended response test items was revised and supplemented. It is concluded that a content validity test on the tools (systems thinking level and definition, framework for item development, rubric) has been developed in the study. The content validity was verified by 7-science education experts. According to the result of CVI, it was found to be more than .95 in all three tools. Based on the results of this study, the research will develop items that can measure students' level of systems thinking. The construct validity and criterion validity of the developed items should be verified systematically. The research could carry out a validation study for the systems thinking measurement related to the core competence emphasized in the 2015 revised curriculum.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
• /
• v.6 no.1 s.11
• /
• pp.35-51
• /
• 1998

This article aims at presenting a new framework for traffic accident analysis by proposing a new methodology for the management of the accident data and by establishing the relationship between accidents and roadway characteristics within it For the first issue, authors introduced geographic information system (GIS) into the analysis framework of the accident data since it is believed that analysis based on GIS seems to provide more effective information in reducing accidents. Point-based, line-based, and polygon (grid)-based approaches were set of along with concrete examples. Especially, the location-based scores such as localization, specialization coefficients, and Tress score have been added to identify the intensity of certain accident types within study area or grids. The second issue addressed the equation formulation of accident and fatality numbers with roadway characteristics like number of intersections and road length in a grid with a sense that (1) accidents on roadways are the function of the roadway physical characteristics rather than the socio-economical secondary data (2) the equation can be applied to the any 'suggested' area, not just region or nation, and (3) the accident forecasting model should emphasize the accident location itself more than any other factors. Some equations based on those assumption have been derived along with some future research agenda.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.9-14
• /
• 2012

Maritime security incidents by pirates and by terrorists increase, but maritime incidents investigation models are limited to figure out the maritime security incidents. This paper provides the analysis model for maritime security incidents. To develop this analysis model, this categorizes five threat factors, the ship, the cargo type, port system, human factor, information flow system, makes the risk assessment matrix to quantify the risk related to threat factors and classifies four priority categories of risk assessment matrix. Also, this model makes from the frameworks which include a variety of security initiatives implementing in stakeholder levels like international organizations, individual governments, shipping companies, and the ship. Therefore, this paper develops the Analysis for Maritime Security Management model based on various security initiatives responding to the stakeholder levels of maritime security management and top-bottom/bottom-up decision trees, and shows the validity through verifying the real maritime security incident of M/V Petro Ranger.

• 한국정책학회보
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.179-209
• /
• 2014

Transition studies have been gaining attention among innovation researchers from the early 1990's mainly influenced by emerging global agendas on sustainability. In this paper, we review research issues and trends focusing on four prominent transition theories - Technological innovation systems, Multi-level perspective, Transition management and Strategic niche management. After reviewing main characteristics, research trends and debates of each theory from established literatures, we conduct comparative analysis of these theories and suggest integrated framework that can be considered when modeling transition policy. This integrated framework is applied to the case study on smart-grid policy of Korea.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technology Innovation Society Conference
• /
• 2017.11a
• /
• pp.329-350
• /
• 2017

e-내비게이션은 유엔 산하 국제해사기구(IMO)가 2020년 국제적인 시행을 목표로 도입한 차세대 해양안전 종합관리시스템이다. 각종 해상 운항정보를 디지털화 해 선박 운항자에게 실시간 맞춤형 정보를 제공해 준다. 육상에서 차량용 내비게이션처럼 선박을 운항하는 데 운항항로, 날씨, 돌발 변수 등을 제공하면서 선박 사고를 줄이는 역할을 한다. 크루즈와 같은 큰 선박부터 작은 낚시용 선박에서도 이용이 가능하다. 해수부는 2020년 이후 약 1,000조원의 시장이 열릴 것으로 내다보고 있다. 진입 장벽이 높은 해상장비 시장에 우리나라도 ICT 강점을 바탕으로 디지털로 변화하는 이 시장에 주도권을 잡기 위해 노력중이다. 이를 위하여 e-내비게이션 분야의 미국 특허정보를 확보하여 DB화 하고, DB에서 제공하는 특허적 행위(M&A, 특허 매입, 신규 R&D 등)를 중심으로 하는 미래기술예측 분석틀을 활용하여 유망기술을 발굴하고자 한다. 미래기술예측 분석틀은 미래기술예측의 3대 주제를 (1) 미래 기술의 대상과 범위, (2) 미래 기술의 주인과 수혜자, (3) 미래 기술로의 투자 시점으로 설정하고, 3~10년까지의 근미래(Near Future Only), 측정 및 검증 가능한 미래(Data Oriented), 미래를 만드는 힘 있는 주체에게만(Activity Oriented) 집중하여 분석을 시도하고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
• /
• v.39 no.1
• /
• pp.103-116
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study was to explore $6^{th}$ graders learning progression for lunar phase change focusing astronomical systems thinking. By analyzing the results of previous studies, we developed the constructed-response items, set up the hypothetical learning progressions, and developed the item analysis framework based on the hypothetical learning progressions. Before and after the instruction on the lunar phase change, we collected test data using the constructed-response items. The results of the assessment were used to validate the hypothetical learning progression. Through this, we were able to explore the learning progression of the earth-moon system in a bottom-up. As a result of the study, elementary students seemed to have difficulty in the transformation between the earth-based perspective and the space-based perspective. In addition, based on the elementary school students' learning progression on lunar phase change, we concluded that the concept of the lunar phase change was a bit difficult for elementary students to learn in elementary science curriculum.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.12 no.12
• /
• pp.587-596
• /
• 2012

This research works has newly proposed ideation method for development of innovative product design by using four design thinking framework in the aesthetic issue, material issue, function & structure issue which are usually called three major design issues. The four design thinking framework is consisted of eliminate, reduce, raise and create. This research also analyzed 232 innovation products in order to verify the proposed ideation method. The main outputs of this research are as follows; first, the ideation method which was newly developed in this research can help to create new ideas for innovation product design. Second, 41% existed innovation product designs were developed based on the ideation in the 'function & structure' issue. Three, 74% existed innovation product designs were developed based on the 'raise & create' issue rather than 'eliminate & reduce' issue. The results of this research can help a designer who wants create new innovation product.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.40 no.2
• /
• pp.203-216
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of a VR(virtual reality)-based biology class on both the cognitive and affective domains by developing and applying a VR-based biology program for 6th-grade elementary school students. For this research, we developed a VR teaching material about 'digestion' reflecting virtual reality characteristics and one hundred five students in an elementary school in an urban area participated in this study and took three VR-based lessons. To examine the cognitive effects of a VR-based biology class, the study subjects were divided into two groups. The experimental group was composed of 50 individuals who participated in VR-based biology lessons, while 55 students of a control group learned through general lessons. We collected data using drawing tasks for measuring students' modeling performance level from these groups and analyzed the cognitive effect of VR-based instruction. We also recorded 21 interviews of students after the intervention, which were transcribed to verify the students' perception of cognitive and affective effects. The key results are as follows: First, we demonstrated the possibility of applying a VR program reflecting VR characteristics (manipulation, multi-sensory, and interaction). Second, we found out that a VR-based biology class significantly enhances higher levels of thinking (spatial, abstract, and reflective thinking). Third, we examined students' perceptions on this program and came to the conclusion that VR characteristics positively affected cognitive and affective domains. This study may be able to contribute to offering guidelines on how to apply VR-programs to future science education effectively.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
• /
• 2008.05a
• /
• pp.334-338
• /
• 2008

As open skies polices have permeated all over the world, Korea's basic direction of aviation policy is promoting the benefit of the public and the national carriers' competitive power by establishing open skies agreements between the countries. The open skies' directions should be promoted by considering the relationships of various attributes such as governments, airlines, and passengers. To decide the right directions of open skies, we should investigate the economic effects of open skies policies. This research develops a simulation model to analyze the dynamic characteristics of open skies. By using the developed model, this research analyzes the economic effects of open skies.